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1

A quantitative study between HPGR and cone crusher aided ball mill grinding: mathematical modeling by evaluating the possible microfracture effect produced by HPGR technology and cone crusher

Rodríguez-Torres I., Tuzcu E.T., Reyes Iván A., Rosales-Marín G.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

|

2024

|

Vol. 60, iss. 1

art. no. 177620

EN

High Pressure Grinding Rolls (HPGR) have been used in the mining industry for decades. However, there are limited quantifications of the particle properties after comminution. Furthermore, the influence of microcracks in grinding provided by this technology has not been extensively quantified. In the recent work, there were two comminution paths tested: 1 (Jaw crusher + cone crusher + ball mill) and 2 (Jaw crusher + HPGR + ball mill). The possible weakening effect aiding ball mill grinding due to microcracks of HPGR path was shown via specific energy, fines generation and breakage rate measurements. To achieve a quantification about the impact of microcracks and the high rate of reduction rate of HPGR technology, first the product was reconstructed using Rosin Rammler's Weibull double formula and the similar particle size distribution was obtained by a conventional cone crusher. By this way the feed size distribution to the grinding stage remained constant regardless of the type of crushing process (HPGR or cone crusher). The results showed that the microfractures generated by the HPGR technology influence the specific energy consumption, fines generation and breakage rates. Ball mill after HPGR consumed 12.46 kWh/t of specific energy, however ball mill after cone crusher consumed 14.36 kWh/t of specific energy. The experimental methodology proposed in this paper maintains a consistent feed size range (-1500 to +41.31 μm) to show that the size reduction observed in the sample undergoing HPGR grinding is not the primary factor contributing to reduced energy consumption and increased fines generation. Instead, it is predominantly associated with the microfractures generated through the compression in HPGR technology; the energy reduction (optimization) of a grinding path is shown in the study.

2

Grindability characterization and work index determination of alluvial ferro-columbite deposits for efficient mineral processing

Nzeh Nnaemeka Stanislaus, Adeleke Abraham A., Popoola Patricia Abimbola

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

|

2023

|

Vol. 59, iss. 3

art. no. 170297

EN

This study emphasizes on the physicochemical and grindability characteristics and work index of an alluvial formed silica dominated ferro-columbite mineral from Rayfield-Jos minefields in Plateau state, Nigeria. Investigations were also carried out in order to determine the mineralogy of the mineral deposits and most essentially the actual energy consumed during comminution and milling of the mineral so as to achieve the liberation size prior to high efficient mineral processing or beneficiation and the extraction of value metals. The distribution of the mineral particles as well as their sizes was determined, with a mineral liberation size fraction range essentially established as -150+90 μm particle sizes. Mass percentage of each size fraction obtained from PSD analysis conducted before and after comminution was also determined, obtaining 80% passing for both the mineral feeds and comminuted products. Berry and Bruce modified Bond’s work index was therefore obtained, and was determined to be within the range of 2.0414 to 2.5667 kWh/ton. Hence, the energy consumed or required to comminute or grind the Fe-columbite mineral to 80% passing is expected to fall within the range of 0.3613 to 0.4543 kWh. Thus, it could be said that a low milling work index as well as moderately low energy is required for comminution and this can be attributed to the mineralogy, mineral source and alluvial formation of the mineral reserve. Therefore, the grindability/PSD result of the mineral sample indicates that its mineralogy is considered a class of moderately soft mineral type in terms of texture with easy grindability.

3

Wibracyjny przesiewacz wielopokładowy do produkcji kruszyw foremnych

Gawęda Tomasz

Kruszywa : produkcja - transport - zastosowanie

|

2023

|

Nr 4

30--37

PL

Celem artykułu jest omówienie możliwości produkcji kruszyw o wysokiej zawartości ziaren foremnych w innowacyjnych przesiewaczach w warunkach laboratoryjnych i przemysłowych. Tradycyjne układy produkcji kruszyw wymagają zastosowania trzech lub czterech stadiów rozdrabniania (w zależności od uziarnienia nadawy), ale w drobnych frakcjach kruszyw występują ziarna nieforemne w ilości średnio ok. 10%. W proponowanych innowacyjnych rozwiązaniach technologicznych można uzyskać kruszywa z zawartością ziaren nieforemnych poniżej 1,5%.

EN

The aim of the article is to discuss the possibility of producing aggregates with a high content of regular grains in innovative screens in laboratory and industrial conditions. Traditional aggregate production circuits require the application of three or four grinding stages (depending on the particle size of the feed), but the average content of irregular grains in fine particle fractions of aggregates is approximately 10%. The proposed innovative technological circuit can produce the aggregates with the content of irregular grains below 1.5%.

4

Relationships between comminution and chemical, petrographic and mineralogical properties of ores, and their effect on concentration

Deniz Vedat

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

|

2022

|

Vol. 58, iss. 5

art. no. 149892

EN

Especially in terms of energy costs, data on chemical, petrographical, and mineralogical analyses of ores or minerals can provide very important information for their production in the desired size distribution. Therefore, suitable crushing and grinding machines can be selected, taking into account the data affecting the comminution such as grain size, texture, metamorphism, and mineral or element contents. However, in most mineral processing plants, these data are rarely used to understand the response of ores or minerals to comminution. Analysis of the relationships between the chemistry, petrography, and mineralogy of ores and the breakage mechanism during crushing or grinding has been the subject of researchers in the comminution field in recent years. This study is a review of studies done so far on the relationships between the comminution and the chemical, petrographic, and mineralogical properties of different ores and minerals, and their effect on concentration.

5

Economics of flotation plant against different size reduction alternatives and flotation grades

Tuzcu E. Tuğcan, Demirtaş Zafer

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2022

|

Vol. 58, iss. 5

art. no. 154813

EN

This paper quantitatively shows the effect of run-of-mine (ROM) feed grade on flotation plant capacity, and also the combined effects of different feed grades and the size reduction alternative combinations on the project economics. Project economics are defined as CAPEX and OPEX The project profitability was estimated based on a “Cash Flow Model” along the life of the mine, which is ten years. The parameter for tracking project return or profitability is called NPV and IRR (internal rate of return), respectively. These parameters are standard parameters for control of project return in all engineering studies. In the scope of the study, there are a series of case studies including three different comminution alternatives in combination with three different ROM feed grade alternatives. Therefore, the nine case studies were compared based on economics which resulted from different equipment combinations and as well as the different types/amounts of process consumables. Among all the cases, Case 1 (Conventional circuit with 0.1% feed grade) gave the lowest CAPEX whereas Case 9 (High Pressure Grinding Rolls_HPGR circuit with 0.3% feed grade) gave the highest CAPEX. OPEX wise, Case 7 (HPGR circuit with 0.1% feed grade) produced the lowest whereas Case 6 (Semi-Autogenous Ball mill Crusher_SABC circuit with 0.3% feed grade) gave the highest value of OPEX. The NPV of the HPGR circuit with 0.3% feed grade case was found as maximum, which showed the quantitative effect of feed grade and equipment combination on flotation plant economics.

6

Calibration of Selected Bulk Biomaterials Parameters for DEM Simulation of Comminution Process. Case Study: Corn and Rice Grains

Kruszelnicka Weronika, Diviš Jan, Hlosta Jakub, Gierz Łukasz, Žurovec David

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

|

2022

|

Vol. 16, no 5

64--77

EN

Computer simulation of bulk materials behavior, including comminution and fragmentation, using DEM has been growing fast, recently. One of the important tasks to get the reliable simulation results is to provide proper materials and contact parameters, which need to be determined in a series of laboratory experiments. For comminution simulation the additional parameters describing the breakage probability and breakage functions are necessary. While some simulation parameters are available in the literature for brittle materials, valid data are lacking for biomaterials such as cereal, rice or corn grains, especially for comminution parameters. The aim of this study was to present the calibration approach and determination of materials, contact, interaction and breakage parameters for grainy biomaterials. The calibration process was done for rice and corn grains. The calibration approach consists of grains size distribution and shape characterization, friction and restitution coefficient determination, and breakage probability description. Based on the results of the experiments, the models were created in the DEM software. The result was the set of calibrated parameters for rice and corn grains.

7

Produkcja kruszyw foremnych. Cz. II

Gawenda Tomasz

Kruszywa : produkcja - transport - zastosowanie

|

2021

|

Nr 2

58--63

PL

Celem artykułu jest omówienie możliwości produkcji kruszyw o zwiększonej zawartości ziaren foremnych na przykładach powszechnie znanych, a także nowych metod produkcji kruszyw.

EN

The aim of the article is to discuss the possibilities of producing aggregates with the increased content of regular particles based on some well-known examples as well as to present novel methods of aggregate production. Traditional aggregate production circuits require the application of three or four grinding stages (depending on the particle size of feed), but in fine particle aggregate fractions, irregular grains are present, on average accounting for approximately 10% of their content. Innovative technological circuits enable producing aggregates with the content of irregular grains below 3%.

8

Produkcja kruszyw foremnych

Gawenda Tomasz

Kruszywa : produkcja - transport - zastosowanie

|

2021

|

Nr 1

40--43

PL

Celem artykułu jest omówienie możliwości produkcji kruszyw o zwiększonej zawartości ziaren foremnych na przykładach powszechnie znanych, a także przedstawienie nowych metod produkcji kruszyw. Tradycyjne układy produkcji kruszyw wymagają zastosowania trzech lub czterech stadiów rozdrabniania (w zależności od uziarnienia nadawy), ale w drobnych frakcjach kruszyw występują ziarna nieforemne w ilości średnio ok. 10%. W proponowanych innowacyjnych rozwiązaniach technologicznych można uzyskać kruszywa z zawartością ziaren nieforemnych poniżej 3%.

EN

The aim of the article is to discuss the possibilities of producing aggregates with the increased content of regular particles based on some well-known examples as well as to present novel methods of aggregate production. Traditional aggregate production circuits require the application of three or four grinding stages (depending on the particle size of feed), but in fine particle aggregate fractions, irregular grains are present, on average accounting for approximately 10% of their content. Innovative technological circuits enable producing aggregates with the content of irregular grains below 3%.

9

Hipotezy i energia rozdrabniania

Malewski Jerzy

Kruszywa : produkcja - transport - zastosowanie

|

2021

|

Nr 1

24--29

PL

Artykuł jest drugim z cyklu artykułów o energochłonności operacji rozdrabniania i problemach modelowania tej operacji. W pracy przedstawiono uogólnioną postać klasycznych hipotez rozdrabniania i sposoby szacowania parametrów w tych modelach. Omówiono również zagadnienie standaryzacji badać za pomocą różnych technik eksperymentalnych z przykładami własnych badań w tym zakresie.

EN

The paper is the second article in a series on the energy consumption of comminution and problems of modeling this operation for practical purposes. A generalised model of classical hypotheses and methods of assessing their parameters are presented. Moreover, the issue of the standardisation of testing with various experimental techniques, including the selected results of our own experiments, is discussed.

10

Improving the efficiency of fluidized bed comminution of limestone samples

Wysocki D.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

|

2021

|

Vol. 107, nr 1

5--14

EN

Purpose: The aim of the research was to describe the properties and methods of using limestone for desulfurization of flue gases and to analyse the process of fluidized bed comminution and the influence of selected parameters and stand modification on quality of product of fluidized bed comminution. Design/methodology/approach: Tests of the grinding process on the fluidized bed were carried out using a modified fluid bed mill for operational variable parameters and their results were compared with the results received before modification. The modification of the test stand consisted of increasing the height of the grinding chamber, which ensured an increase in the volume of the fluidized layer where the grinding process takes place. Findings: Main parameters that determined the effects of comminution in the analyzed case were: overpressure of working air and the rotor speed of the classifier. The introduction of the modifications of the test stand ensured an increase in the volume of the fluidized layer in which the grinding process takes place. As well as a greater gravitational classification, which caused larger grains to be stopped in the grinding chamber and shift of characteristics of grain compositions towards finer grains. Research limitations/implications: It is assumed that the diameter of sorbent grains used in the fluidized bed can not exceed 6 mm. The granularity of the offered sorbents ranges from 0.1 mm to 1.2 mm. The quality of the desulfurization process depends on the overall granulation of used sorbent grains. Practical implications: Appropriately selected sorbent grains used in wet and dry flue gas desulphurisation plants ensure improved efficiency of the desulphurisation process and lower operating costs of the installation. Originality/value: Thanks to the comminution method used, a sorbent is obtained without impurities and with an increased specific surface, which can be used in fluidized bed boilers.

11

Energetyczna efektywność rozdrabiania w badaniach podstawowych i przemyśle

Malewski Jerzy

Kruszywa : produkcja - transport - zastosowanie

|

2020

|

Nr 3

48--55

PL

Artykuł jest krótkim przeglądem rozwoju nauki o rozdrabianiu skał w kierunku zwiększenia efektywności procesów produkcyjnych na drodze doskonalenia narzędzi analitycznych do projektowania technologii, doboru odpowiedniej wielkości maszyn oraz kontroli procesów w instalacjach przemysłowych przeróbki kruszyw mineralnych.

EN

The article is a short review of the development of the science of comminution towards increasing the efficiency of production processes by improving analytical tools used for designing technologies, selecting the adequate size of machines and process control in industrial installations for mineral aggregate processing.

12

Comparative Analysis of Selected Types of Crushing Forces in Terms of Dust Emission

Saramak Agnieszka

Inżynieria Mineralna

|

2019

|

R. 21, nr 1/2

151--154

EN

Selected issues of dust pollution caused by industrial mineral processing operations, were presented in the paper. Two test series of rock material comminution in various crushers were carried out. Dust generation level during operation of each crusher was registered and analyzed from the scope of energy consumption of a device, its throughput and technological effectiveness, measured by achieved comminution degree index (Sx). Results of the analysis show that the proposed indices can help in comparative analysis of effectiveness operation for machines with various capacity or energy consumption. The obtained results also show that the type of comminution forces determines to some extent the dust emission level.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wybrane zagadnienia związane z zanieczyszczeniem pyłami w przeróbce surowców. Przeprowadzono dwie serie testów rozdrabniania surowca w różnych kruszarkach. Dla każdego testu rejestrowano poziom zapylenia a wyniki były analizowane pod kątem energochłonności, wydajności oraz efektywności technologicznej kruszarki, mierzonej uzyskanym wskaźnikiem stopnia rozdrobnienia (Sx). Wyniki analizy wskazują, że zaproponowane wskaźniki oceny zapylenia mogą pomóc w ocenie porównawczej maszyn o różnej wydajności lub zużyciu energii. Uzyskane wyniki pokazują również, że rodzaj sił rozdrabniania w pewnym stopniu określa poziom emisji pyłu.

13

Rozdrabnianie z zamkniętym obiegiem materiału

Naziemiec Z., Gawenda T.

Surowce i Maszyny Budowlane

|

2018

|

nr 1

30--35

PL

Prawidłowo zaprojektowane układy rozdrabniania z obiegiem zamkniętym pozwalają kontrolować przepływ materiału oraz podnosić wydajność i efektywność procesów rozdrabniania. W przypadku produkcji kruszyw poprawa jakości produktów dotyczy poprawy kształtu ziaren grubych, jak i ograniczenie ilości powstającej frakcji piaskowej.

14

An assessment of influence of selected characteristics of feed on the results of ball mill grinding process course for polish copper ores

Gawenda T., Saramak D., Foszcz D., Krawczykowski D., Krawczykowska A., Lewandowski D.

Archives of Mining Sciences

|

2018

|

Vol. 63, no. 1

125--137

EN

The article concerns issues related to the copper ore ball mill grinding process, operating at different technological parameters. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of various operating parameters and feed characteristics on selected technological effects (comminution degree, yields of the finest particle size classes, ready for downstream flotation operations). The research program included grinding tests of two lithological types of Polish copper ore (dolomite and sandstone) and their mixtures in the proportions: 70% dolomite +30% sandstone and 30% dolomite +70% sandstone. Material was treated under wet and dry grinding in Bond’s ball mill. Three different grinding time were applied together with three levels of mill’s rotational speed. The feed material with three different particle size compositions was used in the rests. The results show that increases in yields of fine particle size fractions for each sample are dependent on the particle size composition of feed, grinding time and rotational speed of mill. Together with increasing of grinding time, fine particle size fraction contents increase too, especially for the coarse feed without fine particles. In general, higher comminution degrees were obtained for ore mixtures, the most favorable results for a mixture of 30% sandstone +70% dolomite, where S50 equaled 358 and S90 = 178. Correlation analysis showed that in fact all technological parameters under investigation were significantly related to the obtained comminution effectiveness.

PL

Artykuł dotyczy zagadnień związanych z badaniem procesu mielenia rud miedzi w młynach kulowych, pracujących przy różnych parametrach technologicznych. Celem pracy było zbadanie wpływu poszczególnych parametrów pracy młyna oraz charakterystyk nadawy na uzyskiwane wybrane efekty technologiczne (stopień rozdrobnienia, wychody klas najdrobniejszych zdolnych do flotacji). Program badawczy obejmował przemiały dwóch typów litologicznych nadawy (dolomit i piaskowiec) oraz ich mieszanek w proporcjach 70% dolomitu +30% piaskowca oraz 30% dolomitu +70% piaskowca, mielonych na sucho i mokro w laboratoryjnym młynku kulowym Bonda. Przemiały były prowadzone dla trzech różnych czasów mielenia oraz trzech prędkości obrotowych młyna, dla nadawy o trzech różnych zakresach uziarnienia. Wyniki badań wskazują, że przyrosty wychodów drobnych klas ziarnowych poszczególnych próbek są uzależnione od składu ziarnowego nadawy, czasu mielenia i prędkości obrotowej młyna. Wraz ze wzrostem czasu mielenia wzrastają udziały klas ziarnowych zwłaszcza w nadawie (gruboziarnistej) pozbawionej drobnych ziaren. Generalnie wyższe wartości stopni rozdrobnienia uzyskano dla mieszanek rudy 30% piaskowca +70% dolomitu (S50 = 358 i S90 = 178). Wykonana analiza korelacji wskazuje na wysoki wpływ wszystkich analizowanych parametrów technologicznych procesu na uzyskiwaną efektywność rozdrobnienia rudy.

15

Effects of operating pressure and stand-off distance on coal comminution by waterjet

Li Y., Galecki G., Şen G. A., Şen S.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

|

2017

|

Vol. 53, iss. 1

394--401

EN

Comminution of coal to ultrafine sizes by high-pressure waterjet coupled with cavitation cell provides a novel method for preparation of coal-water fuels for next generation, near-zero emission electric power generation. To establish the fundamental performance of the waterjet mill, the effects of the operating pressure and stand-off distance were comprehensively investigated using a high ash bituminous coal. The comminution products were evaluated in terms of the particle size, particle size distribution, and surface area change. The experimental results indicated that the waterjet-mediated comminution of coal was strongly affected by all these operating parameters. Higher operating pressure led to finer products, while the efficiency of the waterjet mill in terms of particle size strongly depended on the stand-off distance. This research provides a deeper insight into the high-pressure waterjet for coal comminution and a basis for process parameter optimization.

16

Ocena możliwości wykorzystania rozdrobnionych ziaren wybranych zbóż rzekomych na cele energetyczne

Piasecka I., Ropińska P., Tomporowski A., Gieremek M.

Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna

|

2017

|

Nr 5

176--177

PL

Celem przeprowadzonych badań była ocena możliwości wykorzystania rozdrobnionych ziaren wybranych zbóż rzekomych na cele energetyczne. Za pomocą aparatu Camsizer zbadano rozkład granulometryczny ziaren rozdrobnionych w młynie wielowalcowym, a także oceniono ich wartość opałową za pomocą kalorymetru. Stwierdzono, że rozdrabnianie ziaren zbóż rzekomych wpływa na ich wartość energetyczną. Badane ziarna cechują się zbliżoną wartością opalową do węgla kamiennego słabej lub średniej jakości.

EN

The aim of this research was to evaluate the possibility of using crushed grains of selected cereals for energy purposes. The granulometric particle size distribution of grains crashed in a multilayer mill was tested using the Camsizer analyzer. The calorific value of grains was evaluated employing the calorimeter. It was found that crushing of cereal grains influences their energy value. The grain samples have a similar calorific value as poor or medium quality hard coal.

17

Mass loss of coal particles burning in fluidized bed

Pełka P.

Archives of Mining Sciences

|

2017

|

Vol. 62, no. 2

339--354

EN

W pracy przedstawiono szereg wniosków wynikających z przeprowadzonych badań procesu spalania ziaren wybranych typów węgli i towarzyszącej mu erozji w dwufazowym przepływie materiału inertnego. Przepływ ten miał na celu zamodelowanie warunków panujących w środkowej i górnej strefie komory paleniskowej kotła fluidalnego. W opinii wielu autorów (Basu, 1999; Chirone et al., 1991) proces erozji wynikający z kontaktu ziaren paliwa z ziarnami materiału inertnego odpowiedzialny jest za generowanie drobnych ziaren paliwa mniejszych od 100 mm. Jeżeli ziarna te generowane są w górnej strefie kotła, gdzie panuje deficyt tlenowy to w istotny sposób mogą podnosić one stratę niecałkowitego spalania. Zamieszczone w pracy wyniki badań nie potwierdzają tej powszechnej tezy. Wskazują one, iż proces rozdrabniania w wyniku erozji w warunkach utleniających przyczynia się wprawdzie do zwiększonego ubytku masy ziarna węgla jednak za przyspieszony ubytek masy ziarna podczas spalania odpowiada przede wszystkim proces usuwania popiołu z powierzchni reakcyjnej ziarna paliwa. Natomiast w warunkach deficytu tlenowego rozdrabnianie ziarna w wyniku procesu erozji jest pomijalnie małe.

18

Influence of Copper Ore Comminution in HPGR on Downstream Minerallurgical Processes

Saramak D., Wasilewski S., Saramak A.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

|

2017

|

Vol. 62, iss. 3

1689--1694

EN

Crushing processes taking place in high-pressure grinding rolls devices (HPGR) are currently one of the most efficient methods of hard ore size reduction in terms of the energy consumption. The HPGR products are characterized by a fine particle size and the micro-cracks formation in individual particles, which appears in downstream grinding processes, decreasing their energy consumption. The purpose of the paper was to analyze the effectiveness of a ball mill grinding process and flotation operations depending on the changeable conditions of run of the HPGR crushing process. The research programme carried out included crushing tests in the laboratory scale HPGR device at various settings of the operating pressure volume and selected qualitative properties of the feed material (i.e. particle size distribution). On the basis of obtained results the models, defining the grinding process effectiveness as a function of changeable conditions of HPGR process run, were determined. Based on these models the optimal grinding time in a ball mill was specified which is, in turn, the basis for optimization of operation the technological comminution circuits for a given material type. The obtained results proved that the application of HPGR devices in given copper ore comminution circuit may improve the effectiveness of downstream grinding process what leads to improvement of the entire circuit work efficiency through decreasing the process energy consumption and enhancing the product size reduction.

19

Im…, tym… : jak rozmiar oczek rusztu i liczba obrotów wirnika wpływa na efekty rozdrabniania w kruszarce młotkowej

Gawenda T., Foszcz D., Boćniewicz M.

Surowce i Maszyny Budowlane

|

2016

|

nr 4-5

40--45

PL

Im większy rozmiar oczka rusztu, tym stopień rozdrobnienia...? Im większa prędkość obrotowa wirnika, tym uziarnienie produktu...? Jaki jest wpływ podstawowych parametrów pracy kruszarki wirnikowej młotkowej na efektywność procesu rozdrabniania?

20

Influence of type of lining in high-pressure grinding rolls on effectiveness of copper ore comminution

Saramak D., Foszcz D., Gawenda T., Konieczny A., Pawlos W.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

|

2016

|

Vol. 52, iss. 1

182--192

EN

Comminution in a High-Pressure Grinding Rolls (HPGR) device is considered as one of the most efficient method to break particles, in terms of the energy utilization. Two main types of the rolls linings are applied in hard ore grinding: studded and hexagonal, which show varied characteristics of operation and have different lifetime of service. The article concerns the analysis of HPGR device operation for various linings of the rolls. Two pilot-scale test programmes were run and performance of both types of rolls was tested in terms of energy consumption, technological effects measured by means of comminution ratio, lifetime service as well as economic aspects. Results of investigation show, that much longer lifetime service was obtained for the studded rolls, while hexagonal ones are more favourable from economic scope. The feed material for the HPGR comminution tests was Polish copper ore from two divisions of processing plants of KGHM Polska Miedz S.A. Taking into account that industrial comminution operations in mining and mineral processing sector consume over 50% of total energy utilized for ore treatment operations, the problem is of a major significance, especially in terms of optimization of hard ore crushing and grinding circuits.