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1

Iskrobezpieczne pneumatyczne źródło sejsmiczne do monitorowania i obrazowania górotworu w górnictwie podziemnym

Sierodzki Przemysław, Remiorz Leszek, Ćwiękała Mateusz, Krawiec Krzysztof

Napędy i Sterowanie

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2023

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R. 25, nr 7/8

82--87

PL

Do najbardziej zagrożonych tąpaniami i wyrzutami skał i gazów rejonów kopalń w Polsce należą rejony ścian wydobywczych, w których podejmowane są próby wczesnego wykrywania tych zagrożeń z wykorzystaniem metod aktywnego prześwietlania rejonu ścian wydobywczych. Dotychczas były one realizowane głównie z wykorzystaniem małych ładunków wybuchowych, co nie zawsze jest możliwe ze względu na duże zagrożenie gazowe i obostrzenia z tym związane. Powszechne jest oczekiwanie na umożliwienie w przyszłości bezpiecznego i tańszego prześwietlania górotworu na bieżąco z wykorzystaniem iskrobezpiecznych lekkich mobilnych pneumatycznych wzbudników podczas wydobycia, w celu wczesnego wykrywania miejsc koncentracji naprężeń charakteryzujących się zmianami prędkości rozchodzenia się wzbudzanych fal sejsmicznych, towarzyszących niebezpiecznym odkształceniom górotworu, które mogą prowadzić do zagrożeń. Opracowane w Centrum Transferu Technologii EMAG pneumatyczne, iskrobezpieczne źródło sejsmiczne WZB-2 umożliwia generowanie fal sejsmicznych oraz prowadzenie aktywnych badań sejsmicznych w rejonie zagrożenia. W porównaniu do materiałów wybuchowych wzbudnik pneumatyczny jest źródłem bezpiecznym, mobilnym, tańszym w użyciu i może być również używany w trakcie prowadzenia wydobycia. Wyzwalany z powierzchni w krótkich odstępach czasu, przy współpracy z aparaturą sejsmoakustyczną, może pomóc w uzyskaniu wysoko rozdzielczej informacji o zmianie prędkości fal sejsmicznych w górotworze. W artykule przedstawiono opis rozwiązania oraz charakterystykę techniczną urządzenia. Wykonano pierwsze testy aparatury w warunkach dołowych. Wyniki testów potwierdzają wysoką skuteczność aparatury w prześwietlaniu 200 m ściany pokładu węgla. W rezultacie sumowania rejestracji otrzymanych z 18 uderzeń wzbudnika w ocios uzyskano odpowiedź w przeciwległym chodniku w zakresie do 500 Hz.

EN

The regions of mines in Poland most at risk of rock bursts and rock and gas outbursts include longwall areas where attempts are made to detect these threats early using methods of active scanning of the longwall area. So far, they have been carried out mainly with the use of small explosives, which is not always possible due to the high gas hazard and the related restrictions. It is common to expect safe and cheaper scanning of the rock mass in the future with the use of intrinsically safe lightweight mobile pneumatic exciters during mining in order to early detect stress concentration points characterized by changes in the propagation speed of induced seismic waves accompanying dangerous deformations of the rock mass, which may lead to hazards. The WZB-2 pneumatic intrinsically safe seismic source developed at the CTT EMAG allows seismic waves to be generated and active seismic surveys to be carried out in the hazard region. Compared to explosives, the pneumatic exciter is a safe, mobile, less expensive source and can also be used during mining operations. Triggered from the surface at short intervals, in cooperation with seismoacoustic apparatus, it can help to obtain high-resolution information about the change in seismic wave velocity in the rock mass.The paper presents a description of the solution and the technical characteristics of the apparatus. The first tests of the apparatus in underground conditions were carried out. The test results confirm the high effectiveness of the apparatus in screening a 200 m long coal seam. As a result of the summation of the registrations obtained from the 18 strokes of the exciter in the wall face, a response of up to 500 Hz was obtained in the opposite gallery.

2

Proper control of working conditions as a stimulator for reducing the incidence of pneumoconiosis in the coal mining industry

Mocek Kinga, Mocek Piotr

Mining Machines

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2023

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vol. 41, iss. 2

93--106

EN

Statistical data on occupational diseases recorded by the Institute of Occupational Medicine in Lodz, Poland, indicate a renewed increase in the number of cases of pneumoconiosis in Poland in recent years, especially in the PKD section of mining and quarrying industries. At the same time, in 2018 as a result of the implementation of directives of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, the changes were introduced to the Polish legislation in the area of protection of workers from the risk of exposure to carcinogenic or mutagenic agents related to the respirable fraction of crystalline silica found, among others, in mine dust. As a result of these solutions, since 2020 we have seen a spike in the number of miners employed in conditions of risk of carcinogenic dust. These facts indicate that despite the wide measurement of harmful factors in coal mines, the effectiveness of preventive measures taken does not bring tangible benefits, and OSH services have problems with the proper assessment of industrial dust hazards at workplaces. In the article, based on surveys, diagnostic (health) tests of workers and verification of the risk assessment methods used, the authors try to point out the most common mistakes made in estimating the level of risk associated with exposure to industrial dust.

3

Effects of ecological restoration patterns on runoff and sediment in an abandoned coal mine of Southern China

Li Hao, Chen Wenbo, Zhang Cheng, He Lei, Liang Haifen, Li Haifeng, Liu Dingpu

Environment Protection Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 49, nr 4

29--44

EN

Evaluating the ecological economic benefits of different ecological restoration patterns in abandoned mines is important in ecological restoration study. Taking the abandoned coal mine in Luoshi Township of Fengcheng county, Jiangxi province, as a case, 4 different ecological restoration patterns (grapefruit with grass vegetation – Pattern I, pine with grass vegetation – Pattern II, grapefruit – Pattern III, and bare slope – Pattern IV) have been conducted to study the runoff and sediment yield under natural rainfall conditions. The results showed that the ecological restoration patterns and rainfall intensity can significantly affect runoff and sediment yield which increased as rainfall intensity increased: Pattern IV > Pattern III > Pattern II > Pattern I. For the optimal ecological restoration with Pattern I, the average runoff and sediment reduction was 59.01 and 77.1%, respectively, in all rainfall intensities. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) showed that runoff and sediment were significantly affected by ecological restoration pattern and rainfall intensity (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis of runoff and sediment yields indicated that the reduction effect on sediment yield increased with the decrease of runoff, and the relationships between runoff and sediment at different ecological restoration patterns could be fitted with a linear function. Moreover, the vegetation configuration that combines fruit farming with grass can be not only beneficial to control soil and water conservation but produce considerable economic and ecological benefits.

4

Factors shaping implementation of solutions aimed at using photovoltaic cells in large areas in light of Polish conditions

Cichy Lucyna, Bałazińska Maria

Rynek Energii

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2022

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Nr 6

91--99

EN

Hard coal or lignite mines have large surface areas, which as a result of the current energy transformation may become useless and even sometimes troublesome for economic reasons (e.g. land taxes, costs related to land maintenance etc.). At the same time, due to the specific nature of their activity, these entities show demand for electricity, and the rising costs of its acquisition and building a pro-environmental image of the company, encourage them to use available renewable energy sources. It was therefore considered appropriate to analyse what type of factors should be taken into account when planning to build a photovoltaic farm on a large area managed by the mine. Awareness of the multitude of different aspects that are important for this type of investment will make it possible to obtain an overview of the workload, time and costs involved in setting up a potential PV plant on such an area.

PL

Kopalnie węgla kamiennego czy brunatnego dysponują znacznymi areałami powierzchni, które w wyniku aktualnej transformacji energetycznej mogą stać się obszarami bezużytecznymi, a wręcz niekiedy i kłopotliwymi ze względów ekonomicznych (m.in. podatki od gruntu, koszty związane pielęgnacją terenu itp.). Równocześnie podmioty te, ze względu na specyfikę swojej działalności, wykazują duże zapotrzebowanie na energię elektryczną, a rosnące koszty jej pozyskania oraz budowanie proekologicznego wizerunku firmy, skłaniają je ku wykorzystaniu dostępnych odnawialnych źródeł energii. Stąd też uznano za stosowne, aby przeanalizować jakiego typu czynniki należy uwzględnić nosząc się z zamiarem budowy farmy fotowoltaicznej na dużym powierzchniowo obszarze zarządzanym przez kopalnię. Świadomość wielości różnych aspektów, mających istotne znaczenie dla tego typu inwestycji, pozwoli na poglądowe określenie nakładów pracy, czasu a także kosztów związanych z uruchomieniem potencjalnej elektrowni PV na takim terenie.

5

Wymagania dla urządzeń i systemów ochronnych przeznaczonych do użytku w atmosferze potencjalnie wybuchowej

Łasak Fryderyk

Elektro Info

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2022

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nr 6

97--99

6

Improvement of the Mine Water Purification Efficiency via Modified Settling Tank

Kovrov Oleksandr, Kulikova Daria

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2022

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Vol. 23, iss. 1

65--75

EN

Coal mining technologies always lead to tremendous environmental pollution of air, water resources, lands and biodiversity, both in regional and global scale. The level of environmental safety and ecological quality of the coal-mining region significantly decreases due to mining operations. In particular, mine waters with solid particles and dissolved chemicals are discharged to surface reservoirs. The suspended substances of mine waters, both in solid and dissolved forms, pose a high threat for the ecological and chemical balance of natural waters. Due to the ability to adsorb heavy metals, they play a significant role in the pollution of nearby water bodies. Chemicals not only change the quality of water bodies, but also pose an increased environmental risk to aquatic organisms and the health of the population. The purpose of the paper was to revise the mine water drainage technological scheme of the "Stepova" coal mine, as the subdivision of the "DTEK Pavlogradvugillya" Public Joint-Stock Company (Ukraine), and justify the technical considerations concerning implementation of a horizontal settling tank with unique design. It is justified that such mechanical treatment facility with vertical perforated partitions will significantly improve the overall water quality and provide further treatment in the storage pond. The modeling of the mine water purification process for the conditions of the "Stepova" coal mine was carried out due to the investigation of the kinetics of suspended particles precipitation simulated under laboratory conditions. The obtained dependences allow selecting the most optimal design and technological parameters of the proposed settling tank of advanced design. The values of the expected technological parameters of the proposed settling tank were determined, namely the predicted value of mine water purification efficiency, approximate depth of particles sedimentation in the point of treated water removal from the settling tank, and the hydraulic size of suspended solids. It was established that the implementation of the proposed technological scheme of mine water purification will reduce the concentration of suspended solids to the normative concentrations allowed for discharge into surface water bodies.

7

Efficiency of Vegetative Reclamation of Coal Spoil Heaps

Popovych Vasyl, Petlovanyi Mykhailo, Henyk Yaroslav, Popovych Nataliya, Bosak Pavlo

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2022

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Vol. 23, iss. 1

172--177

EN

Coal spoil-heaps cause man-made pressure on the environment of the coal mining area. Coal mining, and in recent years the mass closure of mines, have been accompanied by a negative impact on natural objects and engineering structures; the basements of houses and buildings are flooded, walls and wooden fences rot, crops, trees and bushes are destroyed. Reclamation is carried out on spoil-heaps of coal mines to reduce the man-made pressure. However, in the process of rock dumping on the spoil-heaps, a neorelief begins to emerge causing the vegetation development. The emergence of vegetation groups is a positive phenomenon, as phytomass decomposition promotes the formation of humus. The development of vegetation on the surface of coal spoil-heaps is called vegetative reclamation or phytomelioration. The efficiency of vegetative reclamation is calculated in points and is an indicator of the suitability of a particular man-made object for natural overgrowth. The aim of the work was to establish the features of spatial arrangement of plants in populations on the surface of coal spoil-heaps. It was established that on the coal spoil-heaps, as well as under natural conditions, vegetation tends to aggregate, thus forming phytogenic fields. It should be noted that at different stages of successions, phytogenic fields are formed in different ways. A monocentric phytogenic field arises on the waste heaps during the syngenetic stage of succession. The initial endecogenetic stage of succession provides the formation of phytogenic fields of two types. The first type is the initial polycentric phytogenic field. It is characterized by the ability to combine several individuals of the same species. The second type is a mature polycentric phytogenic field. It is characterized by higher resistance, and plant community is already able to convert geoprocesses. The mature endoecogenic stage of succession is characterized by the development and expansion of tree species, and the phytogenic field is acentric and global. This kind of phytogenic fields is found on tailings with artificial vegetative reclamation.

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Case study of rock bolting in a deep coal mine in Poland

Masny Wojciech, Nita Łukasz, Ficek Jerzy

Archives of Mining Sciences

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2022

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Vol. 67, no. 1

79--94

EN

In 2017, the Central Mining Institute (GIG), Jastrzębska Spółka Węglowa SA (JSW SA), the largest producer of coking coal in Europe, and JOY KOMATSU, the producer of mining machinery, signed a consortium. The project’s main goal was to reduce the costs of driving mine workings by reintroducing the rock bolt support. The works began in November 2019, and for the first time in the history of Polish coal mining, a Bolter Miner machine was used for the purpose. The paper presents the results of measuring the axial forces in rock bolts at the measurement base and their analysis with numerical modelling.

9

Analysis of noise sources and selection of ear protector in a coal mine

Erol Ilknur, Su Okan

Archives of Mining Sciences

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2022

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Vol. 67, no. 3

455--476

EN

In this study, the noise sources to which a coal miner, who works at the Kurul panel of Kilimli Colliery, Zonguldak, was exposed were investigated. These sources were positioned at different points from the surface to the workface. Noise levels were measured according to the working periods of the coal miners around the machines. The results were evaluated under the Turkish Noise Regulation. The critical exposure times in which the coal miners could work without the use of personal protective equipment were examined according to the noise values to which they were exposed. In addition, the personal noise exposure values of the machine operators (boring machine, electro-hydraulic drill, and pick hammer) were determined during the development works. Two different types of noise measurements, with a microphone at the ear level and inside the ear protector, were conducted. The results obtained when the microphone of the personal dosimeter was at ear level, were found to be 15 dBA higher than those when the microphone was inside the ear protector. As a result, the selection methods of ear protectors were analyzed. Recommendations were given for those working on the risky tasks at the panel.

10

Analiza kształtowania się wydajności otworów drenażowych metanu ze ścian eksploatacyjnych węgla kamiennego jako źródła energii– studium przypadku

Łukaszczyk Zygmunt, Badura Henryk, Dźwigoł Roman

Rynek Energii

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2021

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Nr 1

16--25

PL

W kopalniach metanowych węgla kamiennego częstokroć zachodzi potrzeba stosowania odmetanowania w celu utrzymania stężenia metanu nie przekraczającym 2% w powietrzu wentylacyjnym. Podstawowym sposobem odmetanowania w rejonach ścian jest odmetanowanie otworami drenażowymi, wykonanymi w skałach stropowych pokładu, z chodników nadścianowych, przed ścianami. Otwory drenażowe wykonywane są najczęściej w wiązkach, w układzie wachlarzowym, po kilka otworów w wiązce. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów i badań wydajności jednej wiązki czterech otworów drenażowych, wykonanych około 100 m przed czołem ściany. Przeanalizowano kształtowanie się wydajności poszczególnych otworów w czasie i w zależności od odległości wylotów otworów od czoła ściany. Stwierdzono dużą zmienność ujęcia mieszaniny powietrznometanowej przez poszczególne otwory drenażowe a także duże różnice w kształtowaniu się wydajności poszczególnych otworów drenażowych w trakcie procesu eksploatacji ścian. Zastosowanie tej metody zwiększa ilość ujętego metanu do produkcji energii, a tym samym obniża koszty eksploatacji.

EN

In hard coal methane mines, it is often necessary to use demethanation, in order to maintain methane concentration not exceeding 2% in the ventilation air. The basic method of methane drainage in the wall areas is through drainage holes made in the roof rocks of the deck, from the over-wall galleries, in front of the walls. Drainage holes are usually made in bundles, fan-shaped, with several holes in the bundle. The article presents the results of measurements and performance tests of one bundle of four drainage holes, made about 100 m in front of the face of the longwall. The evolution of the efficiency of individual openings over time and depending on the distance between the openings and the face of the wall was analyzed. High variability of the air-methane mixture intake through individual drainage holes was found, as well as large differences in the formation of the efficiency of individual drainage holes during the wall mining process. The use of this method increases the amount of captured methane for energy production and thus reduces operating costs.

11

The Assesment of Physical Variables of the Soil Quality Index in the Coal Mine Spoil

Grzywna Antoni, Ciosmak Małgorzata

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 3

143--150

EN

This paper aimed to evaluate the physical properties of the soils on the slope of the spoil heap of the coal mine in Bogdanka based on literature and the authors’ opinion. The field soil tests were carried out in the agricultural season of 2018 in the coal mine waste dump. The main purpose was to develop and apply the soil physical quality index. For the calculation of the SPQI used nine soil physical properties: texture, bulk density, MWD, AWC, K, POR, PAW, S, StI. The paper used a system for assessing the physical parameters of soil within the range from 0 to 4. On the basis of the research, it was found that the best parameters of soil quality occurred in the surface horizons and increased with depth. The SPQI value calculated for the 0–60 cm Technosol layer was 0.51, which indicates good soil parameters.

12

Modeling of methane and air velocity behavior in an auxiliary ventilated coal heading

Daloğlu Gülnaz, Önder Mustafa, Parra Teresa

Archives of Mining Sciences

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2021

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Vol. 66, no. 1

69--84

EN

It is commonly known that the cause of serious accidents in underground coal mining is methane. Thus, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) becomes a useful tool to simulate methane dispersion and to evaluate the performance of the ventilation system in order to prevent mine accidents related to methane. In this study, numerical and experimental studies of the methane concentration and air velocity behaviour were carried out. The experiment was conducted in an auxiliary ventilated coal heading in Turkish Hard Coal Enterprises (TTK), which is the most predominant coal producer in Turkey. The simulations were modeled using Fluent-Ansys v.12. Significant correlations were found when experimental values and modeling results were compared with statistical analysis. The CFD modeling of the methane and air velocity in the headings especially uses in auxiliary ventilation systems of places where it is hard to measure or when the measurements made are inadequate.

13

Badania nad usuwaniem izotopów radu z wód przy użyciu zeolitów

Samolej Krzysztof

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2020

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T. 99, nr 9

1404--1408

PL

Określono wydajność usuwania izotopów radu (226Ra i 228Ra) z solanki odprowadzanej z miejsc wydobycia w kopalni węgla kamiennego na obszarze Górnośląskiego Zagłębia Węglowego. W tym celu zastosowano syntetyczne zeolity NaP1, 3A, 5A, 13X oraz naturalny zeolit klinoptylolit. Zeolity w tym badaniu były w postaci drobnokrystalicznej lub granulowanej. Przeprowadzono dwa rodzaje testów dynamicznych. Wykazano, że zeolit NaP1 ma bardzo dużą skuteczność usuwania radu, wynoszącą 92%, podczas gdy wydajność dla innych zeolitów była znacznie mniejsza. Ponadto w pracy przedstawiono analizę obowiązujących przepisów dotyczących stężenia radu w wodze i odpadach.

EN

226Ra and 228Ra isotopes were removed from brine drained from hard coal mine excavation sites in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin by adsorption on synthetic NaP1, 3A, 5A, 13X zeolites as well as on a natural clinoptilolite. The zeolites had a fine-cryst. or granular form. Two types of dynamic tests were performed. The zeolite NaP1 showed the Ra removal efficiency of 92%. The efficiency of other zeolites was much lower. Addnl., an anal. of current legislation con- cerning the concn. of Ra in water and waste was performed.

14

Monitoring wychylenia wieży szybowej Szybu II w KWK „Borynia-Zofiówka” Ruch „Borynia”

Lubosik Zbigniew, Skowronek Tomasz, Zmarzły Marian

Przegląd Górniczy

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2020

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T. 76, nr 11-12

16--23

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wybrane wyniki monitoringu wychyleń wieży Szybu II KWK „Borynia-Zofiówka” Ruch „Borynia”. Monitoring realizowany był z wykorzystaniem opracowanego w Głównym Instytucie Górnictwa systemu monitoringu drgań i wychyleń opartego na laserowym czujniku drgań i wychyleń. Zaprezentowano wychylenia zarejestrowane w lipcu 2020 r. za pomocą czujników umieszczonych na wysokości kół linowych oraz na wysokości zastrzału Szybu II. Wychylenie mierzono w kierunkach E-W i N-S. Dokonano analizy wyników monitoringu wychyleń oraz wpływu temperatury na ich wartość.

EN

The paper presents selected results of monitoring of inclination of Shaft II of Coal Mine “Borynia-Zofiówka” Plant “Borynia”. The monitoring was conducted by means of vibration and inclination monitoring system developed at Central Mining Institute which is based on the laser vibration and inclination sensor. The inclination results recorded in July 2020 by sensors placed at the height of the rope pulleys and on the strut were presented. The inclination was measured in E-W and N-S directions. The analyses of the inclination monitoring results and the influence of the temperature on its value were also performed.

15

The geotouristic attractiveness of the underground trails in Zabrze, Dąbrowa Górnicza and Tarnowskie Góry towns (Silesian Upland)

Dzięgiel Maciej

Geotourism / Geoturystyka

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2020

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nr 1-2 (60-61)

23--38

EN

In Zabrze, Dąbrowa Górnicza and Tarnowskie Góry towns, seven underground tourist trails are located in historical mines. Four of them were developed in the central part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, two of which, at the “Królowa Luiza” (“Queen Louise”) Adit (comprising the former coal mine “Królowa Luiza” and the drainage Main Key Hereditary Adit remnant), and two others at the “Guido” Mine in Zabrze town. The next one was developed in the eastern part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin, in a part of the “Sztygarka” Training Coal Mine in Dąbrowa Górnicza. Two other trails are located in Tarnowskie Góry town, in the border zone between the Upper Silesian Coal Basin and the Silesian-Kraków Monocline. These are the relics of the historical lead, zinc and silver ore mine, and the “Czarny Pstrąg” (“Black Trout”) drainage adit. The bituminous coal deposits are hosted in the Upper Carboniferous clastic formations, which fills the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. The metal ores are hosted in Middle Triassic dolomites, which belong to the southern margin of the Silesian-Kraków Monocline. The geotourism attractiveness of all these historical mines was demonstrated by selected annual statistical data of tourist attendance. In general, the interest in these facilities has been growing since decades, same as the popularity of industrial heritage in the Upper Silesia. These three towns have become very widely known in Poland and in the world.

PL

W Zabrzu, Dąbrowie Górniczej i Tarnowskich Górach utworzono w sumie siedem podziemnych tras turystycznych prowadzonych wyrobiskami górniczymi zabytkowych kopalń. Cztery z nich znajdują się w Zabrzu, w centrum Górnośląskiego Zagłębia Węglowego, a jedna w Dąbrowie Górniczej, na jego wschodnim krańcu. Dwie pozostałe są natomiast zlokalizowane na pograniczu Górnośląskiego Zagłębia Węglowego i monokliny śląsko-krakowskiej, w Tarnowskich Górach. Na terenie Zabrza dwie podziemne trasy turystyczne zostały wytyczone w Sztolni „Królowa Luiza”, zespole łączącym wybrane wyrobiska dawnej Kopalni Węgla Kamiennego „Królowa Luiza” z odwadniającą ją Główną Kluczową Sztolnią Dziedziczną, a pozostałe dwie w Zabytkowej Kopalni Węgla Kamiennego „Guido”. W Dąbrowie Górniczej udostępniono do zwiedzania część wyrobisk górniczych dawnej Kopalni Ćwiczebnej „Sztygarka”, natomiast w Tarnowskich Górach podziemne trasy turystyczne wyznaczono w zabytkowej kopalni srebra i Sztolni „Czarnego Pstrąga”. Złoża węgla kamiennego występują w klastycznych osadach górnokarbońskich Górnośląskiego Zagłębia Węglowego, natomiast rud metali – w środkowotriasowych dolomitach kruszconośnych południowej części obszaru monokliny śląsko-krakowskiej. Atrakcyjność geoturystyczna poszczególnych tras podziemnych została określona na podstawie porównania wyników analiz statystycznych frekwencji turystów w poszczególnych obiektach. Generalnie obserwowany jest jej wzrost na przestrzeni lat, wraz ze zwiększającą się popularnością dziedzictwa przemysłowego na Górnym Śląsku z biegiem czasu, zarówno w Polsce, jak i na całym świecie.

16

Experience of safety monitoring equipment application in the production processes of coal mines in Ukraine

Lopatin Valeriy, Kopey Bohdan

New Trends in Production Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 2, Iss. 1

424--431

EN

The analysis of the state of security in the coal mines of Ukraine showed an urgent need for equipment to monitor the safety of production processes, identifying its shortcomings. The necessary regulatory requirements of the legislation of Ukraine on this issue have been considered in detail. A solution to the problem of creating modern equipment for monitoring the safety of production processes in coal mines through a new approach and a change in concept has been proposed.

17

Doświadczenia związane ze sposobem wzmocnienia wyrobiska zlokalizowanego na wybiegu ściany w KWK „Borynia-Zofiówka-Jastrzębie” Ruch „Jastrzębie”

Chiliński Tomasz, Słomian Artur, Lubosik Zbigniew, Masny Wojciech

Napędy i Sterowanie

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2019

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R. 21, nr 7/8

68--73

PL

KWK „Borynia-Zofiówka-Jastrzębie” Ruch „Jas-Mos” (obecnie Ruch „Jastrzębie”) w latach 2012–2013 w pokładzie 502/1 w partii C3 eksploatowała ścianę 23. W artykule zaprezentowano przykład skutecznego wzmocnienia wyrobiska zlokalizowanego na wybiegu tej ściany. Wzmocnienia obejmowały zabudowę kotwionych podciągów stalowych, słupów drewnianych oraz słupów betonowych wypełnionych spoiwem mineralno-cementowym. W przedmiotowym wyrobisku chodnikowym, w trakcie zbliżania się frontu eksploatacji, prowadzono pomiary konwergencji (10 punktów pomiarowych) oraz obciążenia (3 stanowiska) za pomocą dynamometrów. Z przeprowadzonych obserwacji i pomiarów wynika, że największe wpływy uwidoczniły się w środkowej części przecinki wentylacyjno-badawczej – C3. W wyrobisku zarejestrowano konwergencję pionową wynoszącą ok. 0,8 m, również pomiar na dynamometrze zlokalizowany w tym rejonie przez cały okres pomiarowy charakteryzował się największymi wskazaniami. Wzmacniając zatem wyrobisko znajdujące się na wybiegu ściany, należy zwrócić baczną uwagę na środkową część wyrobiska, znajdującą się pomiędzy chodnikami przyścianowymi.

18

The concept of hard coal mine in the perspective of Industry 4.0

Palka Dorota, Rizaoğlu Tamer

Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 2, Iss. 1

327--335

EN

For the Polish economy, hard coal is the basic raw material for the production of electricity and heat, guaranteeing energy security. To ensure safe and effective work in underground mines, the most modern technical solutions are implemented. Innovative achievements of production automation are increasingly being used. Introduction of the Industry 4.0 concept elements is an opportunity for: improvement of coal exploitation processes, use of IT tools supporting decision-making processes and ensuring real-time process management. However, the specificity of the mining environment poses many barriers, for example limitations resulting from geology, extent and volume of excavations, device mobility and telecommunications. The article describes mining threats and limitations as well as the current technical condition of Polish mining. The latest trends in mining development are described in line with the ideas of the fourth industrial revolution. The main goal of the article is to analyze the feasibility of implementing Industry 4.0 concept solutions for underground mining. The analysis was performed with a tabular descriptive method, based on the conducted mining documentation, own observations, surveys and literature research. The indicated limitations and recommendations developed can serve as a guide to further scientific research and implementations in this area.

19

Analysis of the similarity of hard coal mines in terms of the number of dangerous incidents caused by the activation of natural hazards

Tutak Magdalena

Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 2, Iss. 1

91--100

EN

Hard coal mines and mining enterprises involved in hard coal exploitation in the area of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Górnośląskie Zagłębie Węglowe) are characterised by the presence of natural hazards typical of this type of exploitation. These hazards include the risks related to methane, coal dust explosion, endogenous fires, as well as rock burst and caving of roof rocks. The article presents the results of a taxonomic analysis aimed at determining the similarity of hard coal mines and mining enterprises in Poland in terms of the dangerous incidents caused by the risks related to methane, coal dust explosion, endogenous fires, as well as rock burst and caving of roof rocks. The analysis was carried out for the 2008-2018 data and encompassed a total of 26 hard coal mines and mining enterprises located in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. The analysis was performed using the k-means method of non-hierarchical clustering. The main objective of the article was to determine homogenous groups (clusters) of mines exhibiting the greatest similarity in terms of dangerous incidents caused by the activation of natural hazards in the years 2008-2018. These data can be successfully used for the development of preventive measures and risk analyses for these enterprises.

20

Slope failure incidents and other stability concerns in surface lignite mines in Greece

Zevgolis Ioannis E., Deliveris Alexandros V., Koukouzas Nikolaos K.

Journal of Sustainable Mining

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2019

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Vol. 18, iss. 4

182--197

EN

An important aspect of the Greek surface lignite mines relates to the stability of the corresponding excavations. The more recent ones, over the last few decades, have become larger and deeper (up to 200m) compared to those in the past and, as a result, more difficult to manage. In fact, during the last ten years, several incidents of excessive deformations or catastrophic slope failures have been reported. Therefore, a robust practice of geotechnical engineering is very important. The scope of the present work is to provide a critical review of the relative literature on slope failure incidents and other stability concerns, and also to briefly present cases for which no information has been published in the past. The paper consists of three sections: an inclusive review of early studies, a more extensive review of recent cases of stability problems, and a critical discussion on commonly anticipated failure mechanisms. Based on the above, relevant conclusions are drawn and discussed. Overall, it is concluded that thorough practice of geotechnics is becoming increasingly crucial for the effective and sustainable management of the Greek lignite mines.