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EN
IP scheduled throughput defined according to 3GPP TS 36.314 reflects user throughput regardless of traffic characteristics, and therefore has become one of the most important indicators for monitoring Quality of Service (QoS) of the end user in Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN). However, networks built on a distributed architecture make the above definition impossible to be applied directly due to the implementation challenges. This paper gives an overview of the classical Long Term Evolution (LTE) architecture as opposed to Dual Connectivity (DC) topology and focuses on a novel method of solving the calculation issue with the IP scheduled throughput measurement in edge computing environment. Experimental results show a good agreement with the real end user perception.
2
Content available remote Impact of cloud cover on local remote sensing – Piaśnica River case study
EN
New satellite-based techniques open up new horizons to researchers and local communities. Concurrently, however, requirements and expectations with regard to satel-lite-based remote sensing products are increasingly higher. By relying on satellite-derived information, environmental observations can cover areas of a few to several metres resolution. Here we are dealing with free-of-charge and generally available sources of satellite-based information. The Piaśnica River mouth area was selected as an observation site representing a highly dynamic morphological transect. The paper compares products of cloud cover detection, supplied with data and available in the Copernicus database for a local area in the coastal zone of the Baltic Sea. The absolute difference did not exceed 5%, which confirms a high efficiency of the solutions offered. More than 96% of the clouded area determined for the Sentinel-2/MSI (Multispectral Instrument) was correctly identified when compared with supervised observations. The rate was lower (92%) for the Sentinel-3/OLCI (Ocean and Land Colour Instrument). It was eventually concluded that, at the local level, successful observations can be conducted using the cloud cover map supplied with the satellite data. At the same time, the analyses presented do not rule out further efforts to, e.g., increase the accuracy and speed of the analyses.
EN
Cloud-based computational environments can offer elastic and flexible services to wide audiences. Małopolska Educational Cloud was originally developed to support the day-to-day collaboration of geographically scattered schools with universities which organized online classes, led by university teachers, as an amendment to face-to-face teaching. Due to the centralized management and ubiquitous access, both the set of services provided by MEC and their usage patterns can be adjusted rapidly. In this paper we show how – during the COVID-19 pandemic – the flexibility of Małopolska Educational Cloud was leveraged to speed up the transition from in-class to remote teaching, both in the classes and schools which were already involved in the MEC project, and newly added ones. We also discuss the actions that were required to support the smooth transition and draw conclusions for the future.
EN
Workflow scheduling is the major problem in cloud computing consists of a set of interdependent tasks which is used to solve the various scientific and healthcare issues. In this research work, the cloud based workflow scheduling between different tasks in medical imaging datasets using Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) methods (hybrid classification approach) is proposed for healthcare applications. The main objective of this research work is to develop a system which is used for both workflow computing and scheduling in order to minimize the makespan, execution cost and to segment the cancer region in the classified abnormal images. The workflow computing is performed using different Machine Learning classifiers and the workflow scheduling is carried out using Deep Learning algorithm. The conventional AlexNet Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) architecture is modified and used for workflow scheduling between different tasks in order to improve the accuracy level. The AlexNet architecture is analyzed and tested on different cloud services Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud- EC2 and Amazon Lightsail with respect to Makespan (MS) and Execution Cost (EC).
EN
Security is a critical concern for cloud service providers. Distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks are the most frequent of all cloud security threats, and the consequences of damage caused by DDoS are very serious. Thus, the design of an efficient DDoS detection system plays an important role in monitoring suspicious activity in the cloud. Real-time detection mechanisms operating in cloud environments and relying on machine learning algorithms and distributed processing are an important research issue. In this work, we propose a real-time detection of DDoS attacks using machine learning classifiers on a distributed processing platform. We evaluate the DDoS detection mechanism in an OpenStack-based cloud testbed using the Apache Spark framework. We compare the classification performance using benchmark and real-time cloud datasets. Results of the experiments reveal that the random forest method offers better classifier accuracy. Furthermore, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed distributed approach in terms of training and detection time.
EN
The Internet of Things (IoT) and mixed reality are now among the most important areas in research or in practice. The aim of this paper is to propose an appropri‐ ate way of connection of these two areas, where is pos‐ sible to control and monitor mechatronic devices using a mobile device with augmented/mixed reality support. The main task will be to explore these options in the area and implement this solution as prototype. The proposed methodology for control and diagnostics of mechatronic devices is modern as it combines hardware management, Unity engine for mixed reality development, and commu‐ nication within the IoT network.
PL
W ostatniej dekadzie rozwiązania oparte na chmurze obliczeniowej stawały się coraz bardziej popularne. Dla wielu zastosowań związanych z urządzeniami mobilnymi i Internetem Rzeczy opieranie się wyłącznie na odległych centrach danych może jednak okazać się nieefektywne. Dlatego pojawił się pomysł mgły obliczeniowej – rodzaju sieci, w której zasoby obliczeniowe i pamięciowe rozmieszczone są bliżej użytkowników końcowych. Celem tej pracy jest porównaniemgły i chmury poprzez analizę prac poruszających ten temat w kontekście efektywności energetycznej.
EN
In the last decade Cloud Computing has seen a surge of popularity. However, relaying solely on distant Cloud data centers may be inefficient for many applications concerning mobile devices and the Internet of Things. A new, more decentralized paradigm called Fog Computing has been proposed to augment Cloud performance. It shifts the computational and storage resources closer to the end users. This work provides a comparison of Fog and Cloud Computing by surveying papers discussing this issue in context of energy efficiency.
EN
Progress in life, physical sciences and technology depends on efficient data-mining and modern computing technologies. The rapid growth of data-intensive domains requires a continuous development of new solutions for network infrastructure, servers and storage in order to address Big Datarelated problems. Development of software frameworks, include smart calculation, communication management, data decomposition and allocation algorithms is clearly one of the major technological challenges we are faced with. Reduction in energy consumption is another challenge arising in connection with the development of efficient HPC infrastructures. This paper addresses the vital problem of energy-efficient high performance distributed and parallel computing. An overview of recent technologies for Big Data processing is presented. The attention is focused on the most popular middleware and software platforms. Various energy-saving approaches are presented and discussed as well.
PL
W artykule omówiono pojęcie zarządzania projektem informatycznym, jego przestrzeń realizacji oraz zalety chmurowych rozwiązań do zarządzania projektami informatycznymi. Stworzono autorski ranking pięciu popularnych rozwiązań chmurowych do zarządzania projektami.
EN
The article discusses the concept of IT project management, its implementation space and the advantages of cloud solutions for managing IT projects. A ranking of five popular cloud solutions for project management has been created.
PL
Celem niniejszej pracy, była analiza i ocena narzędzi wykorzystywanych do pracy grupowej w chmurze oraz na podstawie przyjętych kryteriów, wybranie najlepszego narzędzia. Wybór programów ukierunkowany był na użytkowników jakimi są studenci oraz pracownicy małych firm. W pracy wykorzystano analizę literatury oraz metody badawcze. Praca złożona jest z rozdziałów, w których uwagę skupiono się na zastosowaniu chmury obliczeniowej, objaśnieniu modeli i rodzajów chmur, ogólnym przedstawieniu wybranych narzędzi, przedstawieniu analizy problemu i metod badawczych, oraz prezentacji dokonywanych badań i wniosków z nich wynikających.
EN
The aim of this work was to analyze and evaluate the tools used for group work in the cloud and based on the adopted criteria, choose the best tool. The choice of programs was targeted at users such as students and small business employees. The work uses literature analysis and research methods. The work consists of chapters in which attention is focused on the use of cloud computing, explanation of models and types of clouds, general presentation of selected tools, presentation of the analysis of the problem and research methods, and presentation of research and conclusions resulting from them.
PL
W artykule omówiona została koncepcja budowy aplikacji szkoleniowej z zakresu szkolenia lotniczego z wykorzystaniem środowiska chmury publicznej.
EN
The article discusses the concept of building a training application for aviation training. The authors pointed out the increasing use of the public cloud environment, presented the division and types of public cloud services. Authors presented the construction of training applications using Microsoft Azure public cloud.
PL
Przetwarzanie w chmurze (cloud computing) jest ogólnym terminem, który obejmuje dostarczanie usług informatycznych przez internet. Można przyjąć, że jest to wysoce skalowalny sposób przetwarzania danych i zarazem dostęp na żądanie do współdzielonego zestawu danych i programów. Realizacja usług przetwarzania w chmurze powoduje wiele problemów natury organizacyjnej i konieczne jest wdrożenie metod zarządzania tymi usługami. Technologia przetwarzania w chmurze niesie za sobą wiele korzyści dla zarządzania firmą, jak np. rozwiązanie tego typu pozwala konkurować mniejszym firmom z większymi przedsiębiorstwami, a dzięki elastyczności przetwarzania w chmurze może pomóc w usprawnieniu się procesu zarządzania. Coraz więcej małych firm ma możliwość skorzystania z nowoczesnych i drogich rozwiązań informatycznych poprzez sieć Internet dzięki innowacyjnemu podejściu do dostarczania usług w chmurze.
EN
Cloud computing is a general term which encompasses providing IT services via the Internet. It may be said that it is a highly scalable method of data processing and, simultaneously, an on-demand access to a shared set of data and programmes. Rendering cloud data processing services causes numerous problems of an organisational nature resulting in a need for implementing methods which purpose is to manage these services. Cloud processing technology provides many benefits in the field of business management, e.g. such solutions allow for small enterprises to compete with larger companies, while due to its flexibility, cloud processing may help to improve the management process. More and more small enterprises are able to utilize modern and expensive IT solutions via the Internet thanks to an innovative approach to rendering cloud-based services.
PL
W niniejszej publikacji zebrano podstawowe informacje związane z transmisją danych w systemach Internetu Rzeczy. Począwszy od technologii niskopoziomowych definiujących parametry fizyczne sygnału tj ZigBee, Bluetooth poprzez protokoły routingu (RPL, ADOV, TORA) oraz protokoły pośredniczące w transmisji (6LowPAN, Thread), aż po protokoły warstwy najwyższej – aplikacji (MQTT, CoRE). Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie mnogości możliwych rozwiązań tego typu systemów objętych wspólną ideą Internetu Rzeczy.
EN
This publication gathers basic information related to data transmission in IoT systems. Starting from low-level technologies defining physical parameters of the signal ie ZigBee, Bluetooth through routing protocols (RPL, ADOV, TORA) and protocols mediating in transmission (6LowPAN, Thread) up to the top layer protocols - applications (MQTT, CoRE). The aim of the article is to present a multitude of possible solutions for this type of systems covered by the common idea of the Internet of Things.
14
Content available remote Czym jest chmura? BIMobject zmienia branżę
EN
This article describes issues related to information distribution and cluster state synchronization in decentralized environments with inconsistent net-work topology. The main objective of this study was to create a set of rules and functional requirements to build a fault-tolerant framework based on Blockchain for creating applications in decentralized and distributed en-vironments, regardless of the underlying cluster’s hardware.
16
Content available remote An Approach towards economical hierarchic Search over Encrypted Cloud
EN
In display, Cloud registering is the prevailing area in data innovation. With expanded value of information outsourcing of cloud information protection of delicate information turns into a major issue. For the security reason information is encoded before outsourcing. Yet, scrambled information is exceptionally hard to be recovered proficiently. Albeit some conventional scan plans are accessible for looking encoded information, yet these methods are just base on Boolean pursuit and not manage the importance of records. These methodologies experience the ill effects of two principle inadequacies. Right off the bat, on the off chance that one client has no pre-learning of scrambled information, needs to process each recovered record to discover after effects of his utilization. Also, every time recovering every one of the records containing question watchword builds arrange movement. This work is devoted to build up a process for security and compelling recovery of cloud information. Positioned seek enormously enhances the execution by restoring the documents in positioned arrange in light of some closeness importance criteria. To accomplish more viable execution, framework shows an approach for SSE which uses data recovery and cryptography primitives. Thus the execution depends OPSE.
EN
The European policy of Open Access to scientific research is now one of the key issues discussed in public debates on the future development of scientific communication. The implementation of Open Access tools has significant impact on scientific and economic growth. On the one hand, Open Access accelerates disseminating new research findings and facilitates recognition of authors on a more global scale. On the other hand, Open Access helps provide equal access to knowledge and stimulates innovation. Thus, it has an important role in creating the modern information society and economic growth. International organisations, the European Union and governments of individual countries support the idea of Open Access giving recommendations and guidelines concerning making the outputs of research financed from public funds freely available. The paper aims to discuss the process of preparing and implementing the Open Access policy at the institutional level as well as the functionality and tasks of the Open Repository which is now being established on the Multidisciplinary Open System Transferring Knowledge Platform. The acronym of its name in the Polish language is “ MOST Wiedzy”, which means “Bridge of Knowledge”. The repository is a project of an archive of scientific publications, research data, scientific dissertations, as well as other documents and sources, created as a result of scientific experiments and other research and development work conducted at the Gdańsk University of Technology. It will also be a solution supporting communication between researchers and a platform for cooperation between science and business.
18
Content available Processing of satellite data in the cloud
EN
The dynamic development of digital technologies, especially those dedicated to devices generating large data streams, such as all kinds of measurement equipment (temperature and humidity sensors, cameras, radio-telescopes and satellites – Internet of Things) enables more in-depth analysis of the surrounding reality, including better understanding of various natural phenomenon, starting from atomic level reactions, through macroscopic processes (e.g. meteorology) to observation of the Earth and the outer space. On the other hand such a large quantitative improvement requires a great number of processing and storage resources, resulting in the recent rapid development of Big Data technologies. Since 2015, the European Space Agency (ESA) has been providing a great amount of data gathered by exploratory equipment: a collection of Sentinel satellites – which perform Earth observation using various measurement techniques. For example Sentinel-2 provides a stream of digital photos, including images of the Baltic Sea and the whole territory of Poland. This data is used in an experimental installation of a Big Data processing system based on the open source software at the Academic Computer Center in Gdansk. The center has one of the most powerful supercomputers in Poland – the Tryton computing cluster, consisting of 1600 nodes interconnected by a fast Infiniband network (56 Gbps) and over 6 PB of storage. Some of these nodes are used as a computational cloud supervised by an OpenStack platform, where the Sentinel-2 data is processed. A subsystem of the automatic, perpetual data download to object storage (based on Swift) is deployed, the required software libraries for the image processing are configured and the Apache Spark cluster has been set up. The above system enables gathering and analysis of the recorded satellite images and the associated metadata, benefiting from the parallel computation mechanisms. This paper describes the above solution including its technical aspects.
19
Content available remote Chmura pojęciowa wybranych definicji logistyki rynkowej
PL
W pracy wykorzystano koncepcje tzw. chmury pojęciowej do analizy wyselekcjonowanego zbioru definicji terminu „logistyka”. W tym celu zebrano ponad 60 różnych definicji logistyki, dla których zostały wyspecyfikowane pewne, umowne słowa kluczowe. Przy pomocy specjalnej aplikacji internetowej zbadano statystykę występowania poszczególnych słów kluczowych, a uzyskane wyniki zostały zobrazowane graficznie w strukturze symbolicznej chmury. Odpowiednie statystyki mogą być wykorzystane także do automatycznego budowania nowych definicji, w tym przypadku pojęcia logistyki.
EN
The conceptual cloud concepts were used in the paper to analyze the selected set of definitions of the term "logistics". To this end, more than 60 different definitions of logistics have been collected for which certain contractual terms have been specified. With a special web-based application, statistics on the occurrence of individual keywords were analyzed, and the results were graphically represented in the symbolic structure of the cloud. Appropriate statistics can also be used to automatically build new definitions, in this case logistic concepts.
PL
Mimo, iż architektura WebRTC systemów konferencyjnych pozwala na zestawianie bezpośrednich połączeń peer-to-peer pomiędzy przeglądarkami WWW, znane są również rozwiązania pozwalające na zestawienie scentralizowanej konferencji, wykorzystującej mostek konferencyjny. Jednym z takich rozwiązań jest Kurento Media Server. W artykule przedstawione zostały badania wideokonferencji WebRTC bazującej na serwerze mediów (mostku konferencyjnym) Kurento, zlokalizowanym w środowisku zdalnej chmury.
EN
Although the WebRTC architecture of conferencing systems allows the user for establishment of direct peer-to-peer connections between web browsers, there are known solutions that allow for setup of a centralized conference, which uses a conferencing bridge. One of such solutions is the Kurento Media Server. In the paper investigations of a WebRTC videoconference based on the Kurento Media Server (conference bridge) in remote cloud environment are presented.
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