Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Ecological minimization and control of energy and matter consumption on the example of a single-family house

Gradziński Piotr

Przestrzeń i Forma

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2023

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nr 55

57--82

EN

The article pertains to two elements in the architecture of a single-family house that impact the ecosystem: the use of building materials and energy consumption. The issue is considered within the framework of analyzing material and energy changes affecting the natural environment. In the research, various methods were employed, including the concept of the 'shade mechanism' as a limit for the ecological footprint, as well as the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. Three types of solutions were examined: the materials used in the building structure and their energy demands. The research results presented were analyzed with regard to the relationship between building materials, energy consumption, and their negative emissions (potential greenhouse effect). The objectives of the analyses were determined with regard to the changing climate and the possibilities of controlling pollutant emissions, taking into account the ability to minimize and control the adverse environmental impact as well as its enhancement and regeneration in the architectural design process.

PL

Artykuł dotyczy dwóch elementów w architekturze domu jednorodzinnego oddziałujących na ekosystem: wykorzystanych materiałów budowlanych oraz zapotrzebowania energetycznego. Problem rozważany jest w kategorii analizy zmian materiałowych i energetycznych wpływających na przyrodę. W badaniach posłużono się m.in. ideą ‘mechanizmu klosza’, jako limitu śladu ekologicznego oraz metodą LCA. Zbadano trzy typy rozwiązań: użytych materiałów w strukturze budynku oraz ich zapotrzebowania energetycznego. Przedstawione wyniki badań przeanalizowano względem relacji wpływu materiałów budowlanych, konsumpcji energii i ich negatywnych emisji (potencjalnego tworzenia efektu cieplarnianego). Cel analiz określono ze względu na zmieniający się klimat a możliwości kontroli emisji zanieczyszczeń uwzględniając możliwości minimalizacji i kontroli negatywnego wpływu na środowisko przyrodnicze, ale także jej poprawy i regeneracji w procesie projektowym architektury.

2

Mass-Spring System (MSS) 3D simulation of a thin flexible membrane with a new model of the elasticity parameters

Tudruj Sylwester, Kurec Krzysztof, Piechna Janusz, Kamieniecki Konrad

Archive of Mechanical Engineering

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2023

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LXX, nr 2

199--218

EN

Mass Spring Systems (MSS) are often used to simulate the behavior of deformable objects, for example in computer graphics (modeling clothes for virtual characters) or in medicine (surgical simulators that facilitate the planning of surgical operations) due to their simplicity and speed of calculation. This paper presents a new, two-parameter method (TP MSS) of determining the values of spring coefficients for this model. This approach can be distinguished by a constant parameter which is calculated once at the beginning of the simulation, and a variable parameter that must be updated at each simulation step. The value of this variable parameter depends on the shape changes of the elements forming the mesh of the simulated object. The considered mesh is built of elements in the shape of acute-angled triangles. The results obtained using the new model were compared to FEM simulations and the Van Gelder model. The simulation results for the new model were also compared with the results of the bubble inflation test.

3

Ruch pęcherzyka w cieczach i fizykochemiczna metoda detekcji zanieczyszczeń powierzchniowo-aktywnych w wodzie

Zawała Jan, Kosior Dominik, Małysa kazimierz

Wiadomości Chemiczne

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2021

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[Z] 75, 9-10

1317--1342

EN

Motion of gas bubbles in aqueous phase (either clean water or solutions of surface-active substances) is a phenomenon of great practical importance. Gas/liquid contacting is one of the most common operations in the chemical and petrochemical industry and mineral processing In particular in mineral industry, for all kind of flotation processes it is the main act responsible for the success of the entire technology As a result, properties of the liquid/gas interfaces are considered as a one of the most important parameters, determining the outcome of industrial applications and engineering processes. These properties can be modified by surfactants which adsorption (molecules accumulation) at the interfaces leads to the decrease in the interfacial tension and modification of the hydrodynamic boundary conditions. Description of a single bubble motion in wide range of flow magnitude (Reynolds numbers) is not trivial and many attempts have been undertaken to quantify a bubble behavior in liquids. This paper presents a short overview of the current “state of arts” on physics of the bubble motion in liquids and the elaborated models, describing motion of the bubble formed in liquid phase. The comparison of the theoretical models predictions with the available experimental data is presented. It is shown, moreover, that the bubble velocity can be used as a very sensitive tool for detection of organic contaminations in environmental water samples.

4

Study on the floc-bubble adhesion behavior of hematite in static flow field

Zhang Jinxia, Feng Hongjun, Niu Fusheng, Sun Weiguang, Zhao Yawei

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2020

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Vol. 56, iss. 1

124--133

EN

To investigate the adhesion of hematite flocs to gas bubbles in floc floatation, this paper develops an observation system for floc-bubble collision and adhesion with two charge-coupled device (CCD) cameras. The sizes of flocs and bubble were 45.36μm and 0.90mm, respectively, and the distance between a floc and the bubble center (sedimentation distance) was set to 0.25cm. Three surfactants, namely, sodium oleate, lauryl amine and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), were selected for our research. Several experiments were conducted to disclose how surfactant concentration and pH affect the surface adhesion between hematite flocs and bubbles. Then, the adhesion mechanism was discussed in details based on the experimental results. The results show that the highest adhesion probability was achieved for the said floc and bubble at the lauryl amine concentration of 8mg/L, the sedimentation distance of 0.25cm and the pH of 9. After touching the bubble, the hermamite floc slid on the bubble surface, forming a stable three-phase interface after 67ms. Then, the radial position of the floc no longer changed, despite the floc motion on the bubble surface. According to the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory and the potential energy of the van der Waals force, there was a repulsive force between the floc and the bubble in the absence of surfactant and an attractive force in the presence of the surfactant of lauryl amine. In addition, a thin solvation shell is conducive to the adhesion between the floc and the bubble.

5

Added mass of rising bubble approaching to solid wall – numerical studies

Zawala Jan

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2020

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Vol. 56, iss. 6

41--50

EN

The numerical approach for determination of influence of deformation of the gas bubble (radius 0.74 mm) on added mass coefficient in (i) steady-state conditions and (ii) during approach to the horizontal wall, is proposed. It is shown that the bubble deformation can be tuned numerically (within the range 1.06 - 1.88) via proper variations of the Laplace pressure, without changing the bubble radius. Influence of the bubble deformation on its motion parameters is discussed and compared to theoretical predictions regarding the bubble drag coefficient and Reynolds number. Moreover, the approach allowing determination of the added mass of rising bubble, on the basis of variations in fluid kinetic energy, is described. It is shown that calculated added mass variations strongly depends on the interplay between (i) the bubble deformation ratio and (ii) its rising velocity. This effect is especially important for added mass of a gas bubble approaching a solid wall, because it can affect the kinetics of drainage of the separating liquid film formed under dynamic conditions, when Re >> 1.

6

The Single Degree of Freedom Simulation Model of Underwater Explosion Impact

Grządziela Andrzej, Załęska-Fornal Agata, Kluczyk Marcin

Archives of Acoustics

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2020

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Vol. 45, No. 2

341--348

EN

The hulls of naval ships are exposed to forces and moments coming from internal and external sources. Usually, these are interactions that can be described mathematically by harmonic and polyharmonic functions. The shock of UNDEX type (underwater explosion) works completely differently and its time waveform is difficult to describe with mathematical functions as pressure vs. time. The paper presents a simplification of physical and mathematical models of 1-D kickoff pressure whose aim is performance the simulation of the external force of the detonation wave. The proposed models were verified and tuned on naval, sea trials. The main goals of the proposed models are to perform simulation calculations of the detonation pressure for different explosion charge weights from different distances of the UNDEX epicentre for the design process of machine foundation. The effects of pressure are transformed as impulses exposed on shock absorber mounted at light shock machine.

7

Characteristics of carbon dioxideand product water exhausts in a directmethanol fuel cell with serpentine channels

Nakashima Kohei

Journal of KONES

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2019

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Vol. 26, No. 3

137--144

EN

This study utilized a transparent direct methanol fuel cell, with serpentine channels with a width of 2 mm and an initial depth of 2 mm, and investigated the relationship between the behaviours of carbon dioxide (CO2) slugs, product water accumulations, and voltage fluctuation. It examined the exhaust volumes of CO2 slugs and product water accumulations from the channels over time, comparing an anode channel with a depth of 1.2 mm to one with a depth of 2 mm (without changing the cathode depth of 2 mm, nor the width of 2 mm in both the anode and the cathode). Results indicated that cell voltage fluctuated, rising while CO2 slugs were ejected, and falling between ejections. In the case of an anode channel depth of 2 mm and a lower methanol-water solution flow rate, CO2 slugs were ejected less frequently, so cell voltage fluctuated widely. (Product water accumulations in the cathode had a minimum effect on this cell voltage fluctuation.) In the case of a higher methanol-water solution flow rate, CO2 slugs were ejected more frequently, with less exhaust volume per CO2 slug, reducing the fluctuation in cell voltage. Finally, with an anode channel depth of 1.2 mm, the exhaust volume per CO2 slug became even smaller, and these small CO2 slugs were rapidly ejected. With this shallow depth, the cell voltage increased with a lower methanol-water solution flow rate, but decreased with a higher methanol-water solution flow rate by crossover.

8

Three-phase contact line expansion during air bubble attachment to hydrophobic solid surface – experiment and modeling

Basarova P., Soušková K., Zawala J.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2018

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Vol. 54, iss. 4

1095--1106

EN

Kinetics of spreading of the three-phase contact hole (dewetting) formed by an air bubble colliding with hydrophobic solid surface, after rupture of intervening liquid film, was studied both experimentally and numerically. During experiments it was found that evolution of the TPC line diameter with time occurs with characteristic S-shaped trend which, in consequence, causing rather unexpected maxima at the TPC line spreading velocity curves. It was determined that position of this maximum appears after 1-2 ms after TPC hole formation and its position (in respect to time) depends on the bubble diameter. In solution of surface-active substance this maximum was much smoother and longer. By means of complementary numerical calculations the source of maxima existence and differences in their position and shapes were explained. It was concluded that this effect has only hydrodynamic origin, caused by different course of bubble shape pulsations during TPC line formation and spreading, which depends on degree of liquid/gas interface immobilization (fluidity retardation).

9

Influence of dynamic adsorption layer formation on bubble attachment to quartz and mica surfaces in solutions of pure and mixed surface-active substances

Wiertel-Pochopień A., Zawala J.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2018

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Vol. 54, iss. 4

1083--1094

EN

The paper presents systematic studies on influence of state of dynamic adsorption layer (DAL) induced at the rising bubble interface on time-scale of the bubble attachment to quartz and mica surfaces immersed in pure n-cetyl-trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and mixed octanol/CTAB solutions of different concentrations. It was found that in the case of pure CTAB solutions, the influence of DAL on time of bubble attachment and the three-phase contact (TPC) formation (tTPC) strongly depends on solution concentration. Generally, two solution concentration regimes were distinguished – low and high - for which different degree of solid surfaces hydrophobization was observed. It was determined that for low concentration regime the solid surface is only slightly hydrophobized while for high regime, hydrophobicity of the solid surface is much higher. Consequently, wetting film rupture for low concentration regime is governed by electrostatic interactions while for high concentration regime significance of these interactions is much smaller. As a result, the DAL influenced the film rupture in these two regimes in a quite different manner. For mixed n-octanol/CTAB solutions it was found that CTAB molecules presence is necessary condition for wetting film destabilization. Moreover, thanks to the developed approach, allowing control of initial adsorption coverage over the bubble surface (independently on concentration), it was proved that constant adsorption degree of CTAB molecules at the bubble surface in the mixture, leads to identical times of the TPC formation.

10

Influence of bubble approach velocity on coalescence in α-terpineol and n-octanol solutions

Orvalho S., Stikova L., Stanovsky P., Zednikova M., Vejrazka J., Ruzicka M.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2018

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Vol. 54, iss. 1

73--80

EN

This work presents results of an experimental study of the influence of the approach velocity on the coalescence of bubbles in aqueous solutions of n-octanol and α-terpineol. Experiments were performed in a coalescence cell allowing synchronized growth of a pair of bubbles in a liquid. High speed camera imaging was used to characterize the growth of bubbles and their interaction in aqueous solution of different concentrations of surfactants. The coalescence efficiency and contact time till coalescence were determined as a function of the approach velocity between bubbles and the concentration of surfactant. It was found that, for both surfactants, when the approach velocity between bubbles was higher than ~1 mm/s, the coalescence efficiency was independent of the approach velocity and that the contact time was independent of the concentration of surfactant. Below ~1 mm/s, both the coalescence efficiency and the contact time were the function of surfactant concentration. For the higher velocities, the suppression of coalescence occurred at concentrations similar to the concentration of immobilization of the surface of free rising bubbles.

11

Study on mechanical acoustic emission sources in fresh concrete

Dzaye E. D., de Schutter G., Aggelis D. G.

Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 18, no. 3

742--754

EN

Acoustic emission testing has proven very useful as a non-invasive monitoring method for several material processes. Recently several studies have emerged related to fresh concrete monitoring, as AE has the sensitivity to record waves from many different processes, even though no external load is applied to the specimens. Due to the complexity of the activity including among others formation of hydrates, settlement, water migration, early age cracking, the accumulated AE cannot be easily explained. In the present paper, two mechanisms of mechanical origin (aggregate and bubble movement through the paste) are isolated and the characteristics of their emissions are studied. Experimental results are complemented with numerical simulations to enhance the understanding due to the complexity of the wave propagation problem.

12

Energy feature of a multi-flow column flotation process

Cheng G., Yu Y., Ma L., Xia W., Xu H.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2017

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Vol. 53, iss. 2

1266--1284

EN

A cyclonic-static micro-bubble flotation column (FCSMC) has been widely used in mineral separation. FCSMC includes countercurrent, cyclone and jet flow mineralization zones in a single column. In this study, the energy feature of the three different zones was compared. The turbulent flow was evaluated in terms of the turbulent kinetic energy (k) and the turbulent dissipation rate (ε). An appropriate computing model was determined by comparing the flow field value measured by PIV with the results of the Fluent numerical simulation. Jet flow separation exhibited the maximum k and ε values among the three columns, whereas counter-current separation displayed the minimum values. The high circulating volumetric flowrate means great energy input and turbulent intensity. The higher turbulent dissipation rate, the smaller the bubble is. The better performance of the FCSMC was mainly attributed to the multiple mineralization steps. The floatability of mineral particles gradually decreases with an increase in flotation time, the mineralization energy gradually increased to overcome the decrease in mineral floatability. By contrast, the countercurrent was beneficial for recovering the coarse particles, and the jet flow was beneficial for recovering the fine particles.

13

A study of bubble-particle interactions in a column flotation process

Cheng G., Shi C., Yan X., Zhang Z., Xu H., Lu Y.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2017

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Vol. 53, iss. 1

17--33

EN

Bubble-particle interactions play an important role in flotation. This study examines the behaviour of bubble clusters in a turbulent flotation cell. Particularly, the bubble-particle interaction characteristics in flotation are investigated. The bubble size in a flotation column was measured using an Olympus i-SPEED 3 high-speed camera. Relationships between the circulating volume, bubble size and bubble terminal velocity were discussed. Probabilities of collision, attachment, detachment and acquisition between bubbles and particles in different circulating volumes were calculated based on the flotation kinetic theory. Using the extended Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (EDLVO) theory, the relationship between the potential energy and distance in bubble-particle interaction was analysed. The results demonstrated that as the circulating volume increased, the bubble size and velocity decreased. When the circulating volume increased from 0.253 to 0.495 m3/h, the bubble diameter decreased from 511 to 462 μm, and the corresponding bubble velocity decreased from 43.1 to 37.5 mm/s. When the circulating volume remained constant as the particle size increased, probabilities of collision, attachment, detachment and acquisition increased. When the particle size remained constant as the circulating volume increased, these probabilities also increased. At a constant circulating volume as the particle size increased, the absolute value of the total potential energy between the particle and bubble increased. When the distance between the bubble and particle was 30 nm, the energy barrier appeared.

14

Hydrodynamics of Pilot Plant Scale Airlift Reactor in Presence of Alcohols

Nandi S., Jaju S. J.

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology

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2015

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Vol. 17, nr 3

118--123

EN

The overall gas hold-up of a pilot plant scale internal loop airlift reactor was studied in presence of different alcohols in varied concentration. It has been observed that these simple alcohols can enhance overall gas hold-up of the airlift assembly possibly due to formation of protective thin layer over smaller gas bubbles thereby reducing chance of their coalescence. As the alcohols can be used as food source for the micro organisms present in the system, this green and environment friendly process have potential to replace usage of hazardous surfactants often used for enhancing overall hold-up in order to obtain desired mass transfer characteristics. An empirical relationship encompassing overall gas hold-up of the reactor as a function of superficial gas velocity and alcohol concentration is also developed.

15

Effects of Various Additives on the Characteristics of Bubbles Originating from the Combustion of Pyrotechnic Mixtures

Ouyang D.-H., Duan D.-L., Zou Y.-X

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

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2014

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Vol. 11, no. 4

603--611

EN

The bubbling behaviour originating from the combustion of pyrotechnic mixtures of KClO4/Mg-50%Al alloy, and with additives such as nitrocellulose (NC) and urotropine, were studied by high speed photography. The results revealed that with the addition of the additives the combustion pressure and the gas flow rates increased in the order KClO4/Mg-50%Al/NC (3) > KClO4/Mg-50%Al/urotropine (2) > KClO4/Mg-50%Al (1). Additionally, it is confirmed that the bubbling phenomena can be classified into various stages, i.e. single bubbling, pairing and single coalescence, double coalescence and so on.

16

Hydrodynamic investigation of single bubbles

Böhm L., Kraume M.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Mechanika

|

2012

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R. 109, z. 1-M

21--29

EN

The presented work shows the results of fundamental fluid dynamical investigations of the rise of single bubbles in a rectangular channel with a channel depth in the range of the equivalent bubble diameter. A fully automatized experimental rig was built so that for each parameter combination, (parameters: channel depth, the bubble size and the liquid velocity) at least 1000 single bubble rises were realized. The Electrodiffusion Method (EDM) was used to measure the shear stress on the wall. The maximum shear stress and the range of shear stress fluctuations are analyzed. Additionally fundamental investigations of the bubble behavior were performed with Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). A comparison to CFD results from literature is done.

PL

Artykuł niniejszy prezentuje wyniki podstawowych badań nad dynamiką płynów przy wzroście pojedynczych pęcherzyków w kanale prostokątnym z głębokością kanału w zakresie równoważnej średnicy pęcherzyka. W pełni zautomatyzowany sprzęt doświadczalny zbudowano w taki sposób, by dla każdej kombinacji parametrów (parametry: głębokość kanału, wielkość pęcherzyka i prędkość cieczy) powstało co najmniej tysiąc pojedynczych pęcherzyków. Do pomiaru naprężenia stycznego na ściance zastosowano metodę elektrodyfuzyjna (EDM). Przeanalizowano maksymalne naprężenie styczne i zakres jego wahań. Dodatkowo przeprowadzono podstawowe badania nad zachowaniem pęcherzyków z pomiarem prędkości obrazu cząsteczki (PIV). Porównano też znane z literatury wyniki CFD.

17

Modelowanie ruchu cieczy w kapilarze po oderwaniu się pęcherza gazowego

Mosdorf R., Wyszkowski T.

Modelowanie Inżynierskie

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2011

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T. 11, nr 42

275-282

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki symulacji ruchu cieczy w kapilarze, z której wydostają się pęcherze powietrza. Ruch cieczy opisano nieliniowymi równaniami ruchu, opartymi na drugiej zasadzie dynamiki Newtona z uwzględnieniem równania gazu rzeczywistego, siły napięcia powierzchniowego oraz sił lepkości. Wyniki symulacji porównano z wynikami badań eksperymentalnych, w których pęcherze powietrza generowane były ze szklanych dysz umieszczonych na dnie zbiornika wypełnionego wodą. Uzyskano dobrą ilościową zgodność wyników symulacji z wynikami eksperymentalnymi.

EN

In the paper the liquid movement inside the capillary tube used for bubble generation has been numerically simulated. The liquid movement has been described by non-linear equation based on Newton role with consideration of gas equation, surface tension and viscosity force. Results of simulation has been compared with experimental results. In the experiment the liquid movement has been recorded using the high speed camera in glass capillary tube. Good agreement with experimental data has been obtained.

18

Modelowanie oddziaływania pomiędzy kolejno odrywającymi się pęcherzami gazowymi

Mosdorf R., Wyszkowski T.

Modelowanie Inżynierskie

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2011

|

T. 11, nr 42

269-274

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki symulacji wzrostu pęcherza gazowego odrywającego się z cylindrycznej dyszy. Wzrost pęcherza opisano równaniem Rayleigha - Plesseta. Czas wzrostu pęcherza wyznaczano na podstawie położenia środka pęcherza ponad wylotem dyszy. W modelu uwzględniono: siłę wyporu, napięcia powierzchniowego, lepkości, inercji oraz strumień pędu gazu zasilającego pęcherz. Model pozwala na wyznaczenie czasu wzrostu pęcherza w funkcji prędkości cieczy otaczającej pęcherz wywołanej przez poprzednio odrywające się pęcherze. Wyniki symulacji porównano z wynikami badań eksperymentalnych, w których pęcherze powietrza wydostawały się z dyszy o średnicy wewnętrznej 1.1 mm. Ruch pęcherzy rejestrowano kamerą Casio EX FX1 z szybkością 1200 klatek na sek. Uzyskano dobrą ilościową zgodność wyników symulacji z wynikami eksperymentalnymi.

EN

In the paper the simulation of air bubble growth has been carried out. The bubble growth has been described using the Rayleigha - Plesseta equation. The time of the bubble growth has been calculated using the position of spherical bubble centre over the nozzle outlet. The following forces: buoyancy, surface tension, drag, Basset, added mass inertia and gas momentum flux have been considered. The time of the bubble growth as the function of liquid flow generated by previously departing bubble has been calculated. The simulation results have been compared with experimental measurement of the air bubble growth. In the experiment the bubbles have been generated from brass nozzle with inner diameter equal to 1.1 mm, submerged in distillated water. The bubble growth has been recorded using the high speed camera Casio EX FX1 (1200 fps). Good agreement between simulation results and experimental measurement has been obtained.

19

Influence of solution pH and electrolyte presence on bubble velocity in anionic surfactant solutions

Krzan M., Małysa K.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

|

2009

|

Vol. 43

43-58

EN

Influence of sodium n-dodecyl sulfate (SDDS) concentration, presence of electrolytes (NaCl and KCl) and the solution pH variation on profiles of the bubble local velocity and values of the bubble terminal velocity were studied. It was found that in SDDS solutions the bubble accelerated rapidly af ter the detachment and either a maximum was observed (low SDDS solution concentrations) followed by a period of monotonic decrease or the terminal velocity was attained immediately after the accel eration stage (high SDDS concentrations). Addition of the electrolyte and/or the pH variation caused significant diminishing the local velocity in low concentrations solutions and lowering the bubble terminal velocity to a value characteristic for SDDS solutions of high concentrations. This effect of electrolyte and pH on the bubble velocity variations was attributed to lowering surface tension of the SDDS solutions.

PL

Wyznaczono profile prędkości lokalnych oraz zmiany prędkości granicznych pęcherzyków powietrza w roztworach n-dodecylosiarczanu sodu (SDDS) o różnych stężeniach, w obecności różnych elektrolitów (NaCl i KCl) oraz przy różnych pH roztworów. Stwierdzono, że przy niskich stężeniach SDDS pęcherzyki po oderwaniu od kapilary zaczynają wypływać z dużym przyspieszeniem początkowym i osiągają maksimum, po którym występuje etap zmniejszenia prędkości, aż do osiągnięcia stałej wartości granicznej. W wysokich stężeniach przyspieszenie było niższe, a prędkości graniczne ustalały się bezpośrednio po etapie przyspieszenia - nie występowało maksimum. Stwierdzono, że dodatek elektrolitów do badanych roztworów oraz zmiany pH roztworów powodują drastyczne zmniejszenie prędkości lokalnych przy niskich stężeniach SDDS i obniżenie prędkości granicznej aż do wartości charakterystycznej dla wysokich stężeń SDDS. Zjawisko to związane było jest ze znacznym obniżeniem napięcia powierzchniowego w roztworach po dodaniu elektrolitu oraz po zmianie pH.

20

Kształty pęcherzy gazowych w substancjach plastycznolepkich podczas ruchu w polu sił odśrodkowych

Kiljański T., Michajłowski A.

Inżynieria i Aparatura Chemiczna

|

2009

|

Nr 6

107-108

PL

Przedstawiono wyniki obserwacji kształtów pęcherzy gazowych o różnych rozmiarach w czasie ruchu w płynie posiadającym granicę płynięcia w polu sił odśrodkowych. Stwierdzono, że kształt pęcherzy był tym bardziej wydłużony, im większy pęcherz, z wyraźnie zaostrzoną tylną częścią.

EN

The results of investigations into shapes of different sized gas bubbles during movement in viscoplastic body in the field of centrifugal forces are presented. It was stated that the larger were the bubbles, the more elongated was their shape with characteristic tapered rear.