Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Evaluation of mandibular geometry in healthy children aged 0-1 year - a pilot study

Lipowicz Anna, Kawlewska Edyta, Larysz Dawid, Kostyra Patrycja, Graja Katarzyna, Joszko Kamil, Gzik-Zroska Bożena, Wolański Wojciech

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2023

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Vol. 25, no. 3

EN

The main aim of the researches was the three-dimensional morphological assessment of the mandible in children. Materials&Methods: The research group consisted of 34 infants from 21 to 417 days of age (0-13 months). Models of the mandibles were developed on the basis of tomographic images. Characteristic anatomical points were marked on the models, on the basis of which characteristic distances and angles were calculated, determining the length, width and height of the mandible as well as its proportion and symmetry. Based on the obtained database, models of mandibular growth in the first year of life in three directions were also developed. Conclusion: The analysis of the results revealed some significant objective information on the growth and development of the normal mandible.

2

Naddatki wymiarowe i naddatki do miar antropometrycznych, wynikające ze stosowania środków ochrony indywidualnej (i odzieży roboczej) a ergonomiczne środowisko pracy

Szkudlarek Joanna, Owczarek Grzegorz

Bezpieczeństwo Pracy : nauka i praktyka

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2021

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nr 2

20-23

PL

W artykule omówiono zagadnienie związane ze zmianą wymiarów zewnętrznych opisujących sylwetkę człowieka, związanych z jego wyposażeniem w środki ochrony indywidualnej. Zmiany tych wymiarów określono jako naddatki do miar antropometrycznych człowieka oraz naddatki wymiarowe, wynikające ze stosowania środków ochrony indywidualnej. Zdefiniowano naddatki wymiarowe oraz naddatki do miar antropometrycznych, a także wykazano ich znaczenie w kształtowaniu ergonomicznego środowiska pracy.

EN

The article discusses the issue of changing external dimensions describing the silhouette of people, related to its equipment with personal protective equipment. Changes in these dimensions were defined as allowances for human anthropometric measures and dimensional allowances resulting from the use of personal protective equipment. Dimensional allowances and allowances for anthropometric measures have been defined and their importance in shaping the ergonomic work environment has been showed.

3

Anthropometric and strength profiles of professional handball players in relation to their playing position – multivariate analysis

Lijewski Marcin, Burdukiewicz Anna, Pietraszewska Jadwiga, Stachoń Aleksandra, Andrzejewska Justyna, Chromik Krystyna

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2019

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Vol. 21, no. 4

147--155

EN

In team sports, the varied levels of physical demand associated with different field positions are reflected in the morphofunctional features of the players. The aim of this work was to recognize how the playing position in the team depends on the anthropometric profiles and the strength level of professional handball players. Methods: A body mass, stature, lower and upper extremity length, circumferences and skinfolds were measured in the male professional athletes. The body composition was analysed using a bioelectrical impedance method. Additionally, hand grip and back strength were measured. A statistical analysis was carried out using routinely statistic methods and principal component analysis. Results: Pivot players usually have the most athletic figure in terms of size and weight and relatively short legs. The backs are characterized by the android body type and low subcutaneous fat content, and a large mass of body cells. The backs and pivots have the same strength of back and hand grip. Goalkeepers have relatively long upper and lower limbs and high back and hand grip strength. The wingers are usually slender, have medium length limbs, low body fat percentage, significant extracellular mass and the lowest muscle strength. Conclusions: The results of the multivariate analysis were a notable and valuable addition to the study of morphological and strength differences in a group quite homogeneous like a handball team. The principal component analysis allowed for a reduction of the multidimensional structure to three variables describing body massiveness, strength, and the length and height aspect of the body.

4

Parametryczny biomechaniczny model ręki – metoda pozyskiwania danych antropometrycznych

Wyleżoł M., Szmajduch M.

Mechanik

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2018

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R. 91, nr 1

32--34

PL

Opisano autorską metodę pozyskiwania danych antropometrycznych ręki, przydatną np. w modelowaniu obiektów ergonomicznych. Jest ona skuteczniejszą alternatywą wobec obecnie stosowanej metody, gdzie proces modelowania jest realizowany ściśle według zasad inżynierii odwrotnej.

EN

Described is the author’s method of obtaining anthropometric data of hand, useful in modeling of ergonomic objects. This method is the preferred alternative to the currently used reverse engineering in the modeling process.

5

Effects of anthropometric factors on postural stability in individuals with hearing impairment

Zdrodowska A., Wiszomirska I., Kaczmarczyk K., Kosmol A.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2018

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Vol. 20, no. 1

109--115

EN

Identification of factors that affect postural stability may help to improve diagnostic accuracy and enhance the quality of treatment and rehabilitation. This study sought to assess the relationship between postural stability parameters and anthropometric factors of persons with hearing impairment (HI). Methods: The study included 128 individuals – 42 subjects with HI and 86 without HI (healthy controls). Research methodology included an interview and a medical examination, anthropometric measurements and stabilometric tests on platforms with stable and unstable surfaces. Results: In the group of female study participants with HI, significant correlations were only noted between body height and the Fall Risk Index (FRI). In the group of male subjects with HI, the study revealed significant correlations between FRI and body mass, BMI, % MM (muscle mass percentage) and % FAT (fat percentage). Moreover, moderate correlation was found between COP path with eyes open and body mass, while high correlation was observed between COP path with eyes open and BMI, % MM and % FAT. No significant correlation was noted between FRI and body height in men with HI. Conclusions: The examination of correlations between postural stability and body build of persons with HI did not confirm the effects of body height on postural stability in the examined group of individuals with HI, but revealed a greater influence of somatic parameters (body mass, BMI, % MM, % FAT) on postural stability in hearing-impaired men.

6

Head-Related Transfer Function Selection Using Neural Networks

Yao S.-N., Collins T., Liang C.

Archives of Acoustics

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2017

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Vol. 42, No. 3

365--373

EN

In binaural audio systems, for an optimal virtual acoustic space a set of head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) should be used that closely matches the listener’s ones. This study aims to select the most appropriate HRTF dataset from a large database for users without the need for extensive listening tests. Currently, there is no way to reliably reduce the number of datasets to a smaller, more manageable number without risking discarding potentially good matches. A neural network that estimates the appropriateness of HRTF datasets based on input vectors of anthropometric measurements is proposed. The shapes and sizes of listeners’ heads and pinnas were measured using digital photography; the measured anthropometric parameters form the feature vectors used by the neural network. A graphical user interface (GUI) was developed for participants to listen to music transformed using different HRTFs and to evaluate the fitness of each HRTF dataset. The listening scores recorded were the target outputs used to train the neural networks. The aim was to learn a mapping between anthropometric parameters and listener’s perception scores. Experimental validations were performed on 30 subjects. It is demonstrated that the proposed system produces a much more reliable HRTF selection than previously used methods.

7

The biomechanical characteristics of elite deaf and hearing female soccer players: comparative analysis

Szulc A. M., Buśko K., Sandurska E., Kołodziejczyk M.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2017

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Vol. 19, no. 4

127--133

EN

The aim of this study was to examine the differences in body composition, strength and power of lower limbs, height of jump measured for the akimbo counter movement jumps, counter movement jump and spike jumps between deaf and hearing elite female soccer players. Methods: Twenty deaf (age: 23.7 ± 5.0 years, hearing loss: 96 ± 13.9 dB) and 25 hearing (age: 20.3 ± 3.8 years) participated in the study. Their WHR and BMI were calculated. Body fat was measured using the BIA method. The maximal power and height of jump were measured by force plate. Biodex dynamometer was used to evaluate isokinetic isometric strength of the hamstrings and quadriceps. Results: Significant differences between hearing and deaf soccer players in anthropometric values were for the waist and calf circumferences and the WHR index ( p < 0.01, effect size 0.24–0.79). Statistically significant differences were observed for flexion of the lower limb in the knee joint for the relative joint torque and relative power obtained for the angular velocity of 300 degˑs–1 for both lower limbs (p < 0.01, effect size 0.19–0.48) and for 180 degˑs–1 during flexion of the left limb (p = 0.02, effect size 0.13). The hearing female football players developed significantly greater MVC in all the cases. Statistically significant differences between deaf and hearing athletes were found for spike jump for maximal power (1828.6 ± 509.4 W and 2215.2 ± 464.5 W, respectively; p = 0.02, effect size 0.14). Conclusions: Hearing impairment does not limit the opportunities for development of physical fitness in the population of deaf women.

8

Anthropometric hand dimensions in a population of Iranian male workers in 2012

Mirmohammadi S. J., Mehrparvar A. M., Mostaghaci M., Davari M. H., Bahaloo M., Mashtizadeh S.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2016

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Vol. 22, No. 1

125--130

EN

Background. The mismatch between the hand size of workers and the size of industrial instruments is a growing concern; it can lead to various musculoskeletal complications. Currently, there are few reliable studies available to address this concern in Iran. This study was conducted to measure 30 upper-extremity parameters in a group of Iranian industrial workers. Methods. This study is a cross-sectional study on 529 workers. The study population was randomly selected from male Iranian industrial workers who were referred to the Yazd hospital occupational medicine clinic for surveillance evaluations. Results. The M (SD) age of the participants was 30.13 (8.29) years. Statistical analysis was performed using the mean, standard deviation and 5th, 50th and 90th percentiles for each measured hand dimension. A considerable number of dimensions were significantly different between the measurements of right and left hands in each examinee. The results showed significant differences between Iranian hand size and that of other populations. Conclusion. This study provided a valuable databank of hand dimensions in a population of Iranian male workers. These data can be used by manufacturers in designing high-quality hand-tools and industrial gloves, taking into consideration Iranian worker characteristics.

9

A new method for calculating saddle seat height with an emphasis on optimal posture based on trigonometric relations

Babaei H., Razeghi M., Choobineh A., Pakshir H., Rajaeifard A., Rezaian J.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2016

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Vol. 22, No. 4

565--571

EN

Introduction. Based on the literature, the ergonomic saddle chair provides the most appropriate posture for users. Determination of the seat height is critical to establish the proper posture, carried out using various methods of anthropometry. This study aimed to develop a simple and applied method for determining the saddle seat height with an emphasis on appropriate posture. Methods. In this study, anthropometric dimensions including weight, body height, popliteal height and seat height at 135° knee angle in 150 male and female dentists were measured. In the laboratory, to determine the ‘acetabuloischial number’, 25 male and female natural hip bones were measured. The mean saddle-chair height with knee angle of 135° was then compared by two different methods, field measurement and the new calculation method. Results. The results showed a strong correlation between data gathered from the two different methods, the field measurement and the new calculation method (98%), and Cronbach’s α from the intraclass correlation was equal to 0.994 (p < 0.05). This indicated that the two methods produced similar results. Conclusion. The new method can be applied to calculate the optimal height of the saddle seat based on body height and popliteal height.

10

Bezpieczeństwo w pracy administracyjno-biurowej - wybrane aspekty

Niciejewska M., Wodecki T.

Archiwum Wiedzy Inżynierskiej

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2016

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T. 1, Nr 1

30--32

PL

Artykuł dotyczy wybranych aspektów bezpieczeństwa w pracy administracyjno-biurowej. Autorzy dokonali analizy środowiska pracy biurowej biorąc pod uwagę wytyczne ergonomiczne oraz możliwości i ograniczenia psychofizyczne człowieka. Zwrócili uwagę na najczęstsze skutki zdrowotne pracy administracyjno-biurowej jaką są dolegliwości mięśniowo-szkieletowe oraz sposoby przeciwdziałania im.

EN

Article concerns on selected aspects of safety at work in administrative office. The authors analyzed the working environment of office, taking into account guidelines and ergonomic possibilities and limitations of psychophysical man. They drew attention to the most common health effects from working administrative office which are musculo-skeletal disorders and ways to counter them.

11

Porównanie pomiaru zakresu ruchu mierzonego za pomocą autorskiej aplikacji mobilnej oraz goniometru tradycyjnego

Stiler S., Wyszyński S., Piotrkowicz J., Federowicz P.

Acta Bio-Optica et Informatica Medica. Inżynieria Biomedyczna

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2016

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Vol. 22, nr 2

63--70

PL

Najbardziej powszechnym urządzeniem stosowanym do pomiarów kątów zakresów ruchów ciała jest goniometr. Celem pracy było porównanie pomiarów zakresu ruchu w stawach za pomocą klasycznego goniometru i autorskiej teleinformatycznej aplikacji na smartfon − Goniometr v.1.0. Badaniom poddanych zostało 50 osób w przedziale wiekowym od 16 do 32 lat (średnia 25,8±4,5). Wykonano pomiary zakresu ruchu w stawie ramiennym przy użyciu goniometru tradycyjnego oraz aplikacji mobilnej. Średni zakres zgięcia stawu ramiennego mierzony goniometrem tradycyjnym wynosił 175,06°±3,38°, natomiast za pomocą aplikacji Goniometr v.1.0 177,82°±1,77°. Średni zakres wyprostu stawu ramiennego mierzonego goniometrem wynosił 46,86°±4,95°. Natomiast w przypadku aplikacji Goniometr v.1.0 − 44,36°±1,78°. Wyniki pomiarów za pomocą tradycyjnego goniometru charakteryzowały się wyższym odchyleniem standardowym niż wyniki pomiarów przy użyciu aplikacji Goniometr v.1.0.

EN

The most popular device used to measure the range of motion is a goniometer. The aim of this study was to compare the results of the measurements performed by means of classical goniometer and own mobile application for the smartphone − Goniometr v.1.0. 50 volunteers aged 16−32 years (mean age 25.8 ± 4.5) were enrolled in to the study. The range of motion in the shoulder joint was measured. The mean range of flexion of the shoulder measured by the goniometer was to 175.06°±3.38°, whereas in the case of mobile applications it was 177.82°±1.77°. The average range of extension of the shoulder measured by goniometer was 46.86°±4.95° and by Goniometer v.1.0 application it was 44.36°±1.78°. The results of measurements using a conventional goniometer were characterized by a higher standard deviation than results obtained by a mobile application Goniometer v.1.0.

12

Multivariate analysis of 200-m front crawl swimming performance in young male swimmers

Nasirzade A., Sadeghi A., Sobhkhiz A.., Mohammadian K., Nikouei A., Baghaiyan M., Fattahi A.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2015

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Vol. 17, no. 3

137--143

EN

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the biomechanical (stroke rate, stroke length, and stroke index), anthropometrical (body height, body mass, body mass index, arm span, shoulders width, thigh, leg and upper arm lengths), and muscle architectural (muscle thickness, pennation angle, and fascicle length) parameters as predictors of 200-m front crawl swimming performance in young male swimmers. Twenty-two county level male swimmers (mean ±SD: age: 14.52 ± 0.77 years; body height: 173 ± 5 m; body mass: 60.5 ± 5.7 kg) performed a 200-m front crawl swimming test in a 25-m pool. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that biomechanical parameters (87%) characterized best 200-m front crawl swimming performance, followed by anthropometrical (82%) and muscle architectural (72%) parameters. Also, stroke length (R2 = 0.623), body height (R2 = 0.541), fascicle length of Triceps Brachii (R2 = 0.392) were the best single predictors that together explained 92% of the variability of the 200-m front crawl swimming performance in these swimmers. As a conclusion, with respect to higher performance prediction power of biomechanical parameters, technique should represent the core of the training program at these ages. In addition, these findings could be used for male young swimmers selection and talent identification.

13

Device for the Limb Rehabilitation

Tutak J. S., Waltoś-Tutak B.

Machine Dynamics Research

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2014

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Vol. 38, No. 2

101-110

EN

Rehabilitation is a very important part of the patient convalescence after different types of diseases and accidents. The work presents the device for limb rehabilitation and proper arrangement of limb. Interdisciplinary and mechatronic approach to design were given the opportunity to prepare the universal concept of kinematic manipulator for limb rehabilitation.

14

Design of Mechatronic Standing Frame

Tutak J. S., Waltoś-Tutak B.

Machine Dynamics Research

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2014

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Vol. 38, No. 2

111-120

EN

Upright standing is a very significant part of the complex process of rehabilitation. It improves functions of cardio-vascular system. It prevents and helps in healing of contractures. It improves functions of psycho-condition of the patient. We will present a mechatronic standing frame. This device is designed to help people who have lost the use of their legs to stand up with seemingly little effort. The additional module is stimulation correct development of muscles, joints and skeletal system.

15

Model of the Arm Manipulator in the Process of Spastic Limb Rehabilitation

Tutak J. S.

Machine Dynamics Research

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2013

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Vol. 37, No. 1

99-106

EN

The article presents a model of the arm manipulator of spastic upper limb rehabilitation. It was based on a task dynamics analysis. As a result of the disease, upper limb does not function properly and does not perform the desired movement. It is a result of small damage of brain which is based on neurological substrate. In order to return the patient to movement ability, the rehabilitation involves on reconstruction of lost movement patterns, through prolonged repetition of limb movement exercises. In traditional way, this type of exercise, carried out by a physiotherapist. Nowadays it is done with the help of modern mechatronic solutions. Data and the proposed mathematical model presented in the article will allow for the development of guidelines for the future manipulator for upper limb rehabilitation. This information allowed us to develop a solution to eliminate spastic forces in muscles on arm, forearm and hand. They can also be a contribution not fully audited and described in the literature characteristic of the upper limb muscle contracture - spasticity

16

Anthropometric Database for the Learning Environment of High School and University Students

Dawal S. Z. M., Zadry H. R., Azmi S. N. S., Rohim S. R., Sartika S. J.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2012

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Vol. 18, No. 4

461--472

EN

This paper presents an anthropometric database of high school and university students from Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia. Forty-one high school participants (21 males and 20 females), 13–17 years old, and 143 university students (74 males and 69 females) took part in the study. Twenty-one static body dimensions were measured. The greatest mean differences in the anthropometric data between male and female high school students were found in the sitting elbow height. In addition, a comparison of anthropometric data of male and female university students showed that data for males and females were significantly different, except for buttock–popliteal length, sitting elbow height and thigh clearance. The primary aim of this study was to develop an anthropometric database that could be used as a primary reference in designing products, devices and equipment for ergonomic learning environments.

17

System automatycznych pomiarów rynometrycznych (4)

Kuśmierczyk T.

Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka

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2011

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R. 15, nr 2

68-71

PL

Celem projektowanego systemu jest analiza i rozpoznawanie obrazów trójwymiarowych twarzy. Wykorzystując dostępne metody analizy i narzędzia algorytmiczne dąży się do pozyskania, z danych pochodzących ze skanerów 3D, informacji dotyczących wymiarów nosa. Artykuł przybliża aspekty stosowania jednego z głównych podejść do zagadnienia analizy obrazów 3D, tj. deskryptorów punktów. Przybliżono istniejące rozwiązania. Rozważono różne podejścia do wyboru punktów sąsiednich. Omówiono dobór skali i skwantowania. Wprowadzono odległość między deskryptorami. Pokazano też, jak zastosować deskryptory w rozpoznawaniu obrazów.

EN

The purpose of designed system is to analyze and recognice three-dimensional face images. Using known techniques, algorithms and tools I am aiming to retrieve nose parameters directly from 3D scans. Current part is devoted to describe different aspects of point descriptors usage. Wide range of known approaches is explained. Several methods of neighborhood analysis are considered. Distance measure of two descriptors is introduced. Possible methods of quantization are described. At the end, application of Hungarian algorithm for descriptors matching is shown.

18

Torque of the operator's upper extremity in relation to its orientation within a normal working space

Hałacz J.

Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn

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2010

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nr 13

189-202

EN

This paper presents the results of a study into the effect of some factors determining the orientation of the upper extremity within the normal working space on the torque of the muscles of this extremity. The results of this study may be useful in the anthropotechnical design of controlling devices. The paper also includes data on the torque developed by the upper extremity within the operator's normal working space which are presented in the form of centile characteristics.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań dotyczących wpływu wybranych czynników określających położenie kończyny górnej w normalnej przestrzeni pracy na wartość momentu skręcającego rozwijanego przez mięśnie tej kończyny. Wyniki badań mogą być wykorzystane w antropometrycznym projektowaniu urządzeń sterujących. Przedstawiono także, w formie charakterystyk centylowych, dane dotyczące momentów skręcających rozwijanych przez kończynę górną w normalnej przestrzeni pracy operatora.

19

Antropomretria stopy płasko-koślawej

Pauk J., Derlatka M.

Modelowanie Inżynierskie

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2009

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T. 7, nr 38

153-159

PL

W pracy przedstawiono charakterystykę 20 dzieci ze stopą prawidłową i 60 dzieci ze stopą płasko-koślawą. Osobom badanym wykonano pomiary antropometryczne oraz przeprowadzono ocenę ortopedyczną połączoną z badaniem rentgenowskim stopy. Badaniami objęto dzieci z północno-wschodniej Polski w wieku 8-14 lat.

EN

An anthropometric data are usually include: length, height, strength and circles of human body. The evaluation was carried out on 60 pupils with flat feet taken from a total population of 250 primary schoolchildren. The sample group was between the ages of 8-14 years from province Podlasie. The children were divided into groups: typical children and children with flat feet. The anthropometric data were made for 60 children with flat feet and 20 typical children. We observed, that the proportion between the length of foot and the distance change with age.

20

Proporcje ciała człowieka w architekturze - od kanonu Witruwiusza do antropometrii

Niebrzydowski W.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Architektura

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2009

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R. 106, z. 1-A

432-436

PL

Witruwiusz jest autorem kanonu proporcji człowieka opartego na modularnym podziale ciała i jego części. W swoim traktacie postulował kierowanie się zasadami budowy ludzkiego ciała przy sporządzaniu projektów budynków. Idee Witruwiusza miały wpływ na architektów kolejnych epok i stanowiły punkt odniesienia dla twórców późniejszych kanonów. W architekturze współczesnej również powstają formy inspirowane ciałem człowieka i jego proporcjami, a antropometria stała się dziedziną niezbędną w pracy projektanta.

EN

Vitruvian canon of proportions was based on modular division of the human body. Vitruvius in his book demanded to use this canon in arts and architecture. His ideas influenced architects in next centuries and "The Ten Books on Architecture" was a point of reference to later canons. Buildings inspired by the human body and its proportions were built also in the 20th century. Nowadays anthropometry, the measurement of the human individual for the purposes of understanding human physical variation, plays an important role in architectural and interior design.