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1
Content available Grawitacja widziana z Obserwatorium Astronomicznego Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Sokołowski Leszek M., Szybka Sebastian
Postępy Fizyki
|
2023
|
T. 74, z. 3
27--30
PL
W artykule omawiamy badania dotyczące zjawisk grawitacyjnych, które są prowadzone w Zakładzie Astrofizyki Relatywistycznej i Kosmologii, w Obserwatorium Astronomicznym Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego.
EN
In this article, we discuss research on gravitational phenomena being conducted at the Department of Relativistic Astrophysics and Cosmology in the Astronomical Observatory of the Jagiellonian University.
2
Content available Poczet prezesów Polskiego Towarzystwa Geologicznego – część I
Miecznik Jerzy B.
Przegląd Geologiczny
|
2022
|
Vol. 70, nr 4
267--274
EN
Władysław Szajnocha (1857-1928), Polish geologist and palaeontologist, graduated from the University of Vienna and the Vienna Technische Hochschule. He was a researcher in the geology of the Carpathians, co-author of the Geological Atlas of Galicia, researcher of Jurassic brachiopods of the Balin Oolite and the Eastern Carpathians, and author of books on mineral deposits and mineral springs of Galicia. As a professor at the Jagiellonian University in Cracow he created a significant research centre called the “Cracow geological school”. He was the initiator and co-organizer of the Mining Academy in Cracow in 1919 (currently the AGH University of Science and Technology), and the Polish Geological Society in 1922, being its first President. Jan Nowak (1880-1940), graduated from the University of Lviv, professor at the Jagiellonian University in Cracov. Researcher of the geology of the Carpathians and petroleum geology. He was the creator of the original concept of tectogenesis of the Carpathian flysch belt. Jan Nowak conducted geological research in the Polish Lowlands and created the first synthetic monograph on the tectonics of Poland. He worked on the palaeontology of Upper Cretaceous cephalopods, their systematics and phylogeny. He was imprisoned in a German concentration camp and died shortly after being released. Marian Książkiewicz (1906-1981) graduated from the Jagiellonian University in Cracow and professor at this university. Researcher of the Carpathians and Carpathian flysch, creator of the “Polish sedimentological school” and the world's first palaeogeographic reconstructions of flysch basins. He was involved in ichnology and developed a rich collection and a monograph on organic hieroglyphs occurring in the Carpathian flysch sediments, being a work of worldwide significance. He authored a tectonic synthesis of the Polish Carpathians.
3
Content available Wkład Ludomira Sawickiego (1884-1928) w organizację polskiej nauki w zakresie geografii
Bukowska-Marczak Ewa
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
|
2022
|
T. 67, nr 3
9--24
EN
The article aims to present the activities of Ludomir Sawicki (1884-1928), professor of Geography at the Jagiellonian University, with particular emphasis on his contribution to the organization of Polish science in this field. Ludomir Sawicki was born and raised in Vienna, but after graduating and defending his doctorate, he came to Krakow and started working as a junior high school teacher. Later - after obtaining his habilitation - he was a lecturer and professor at the Jagiellonian University, where he started organizing the Institute of Geography. He corresponded with Eugeniusz Romer regarding the publication of the Geographical and Statistical Atlas of Poland (Geograficzno-statystyczny atlas Polski). He actively participated in the works of many significant Polish organizations, including the collaboration with the Polish Country Lovers’ Society (PTK) in Warsaw, and was one of the founders of the Polish Geographical Society. He participated in geographic congresses in Geneva (1908), London (1911), Rome (1913) and Cairo (1925), and he organized the Second Congress of Slavic Geographers and Ethnographers, which took place in Krakow in 1927. He was also involved in expeditionary endeavors. He founded the Orbis printing house in Krakow, which published not only recognized works in the field of geography but also teaching aids for schools. His extensive activity infl uenced generations of students, including Wiktor Ormicki and Antoni Wrzosek.
4
Content available Wiktor Ormicki jako badacz ziem wschodnich Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej
Bukowska-Marczak Ewa
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
|
2022
|
T. 67, nr 4
9--29
EN
The article aims to present the research interests of docent Wiktor Ormicki - a geographer and lecturer at Jagiellonian University. These revolved around the aspects of the eastern territories of the Second Polish Republic and manifested, among other things, in his habilitation thesis entitled Życie gospodarcze Kresów Wschodnich Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej (The Economic Life of the Eastern Borderlands of the Republic of Poland, Kraków 1929) His interests comprised the migration issues in the northeastern voivodeships. Ormicki left notes from his research trips to the eastern borderland, which were an interesting source for the analysis of the socio-economic life in the eastern provinces of the Second Polish Republic. He described the daily activities and customs of the inhabitants of these regions. He listed economic facilities (including brickyards, distilleries, and sawmills) operating in the places he visited. He also paid attention to the towns and villages and the natural environment at the eastern border. Both the travel notes and Ormicki’s scientific works are a valuable source for researchers of everyday life and the economy of the eastern border of interwar Poland.
5
Content available Rola Józefa Łepkowskiego w pozyskaniu dla krakowskich instytucji zbiorów Karola Rogawskiego i Bolesława Podczaszyńskiego
Woźny Marzena
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
|
2022
|
T. 67, nr 4
79--93
EN
During many years of scientific activity, Józef Łepkowski (1826-1894), archaeologist, the first Polish professor of this discipline and protector of monuments, looked after the collections belonging to the Krakow Scientific Society (the predecessor of the Academy of Arts and Sciences), the Jagiellonian University, and the Czartoryski dukes for whom he acquired the collection items. The archaeological artifacts, works of art, works of artistic craftsmanship, collections of weapons, and other artifacts obtained by him constitute a valuable part of the resources of Krakow institutions to this day. The article shows the methods by which, in the 19th century, objects were acquired for state institutions, scientific societies and large, aristocratic collections. The author takes as an example the fate of the collections of Karol Rogawski (1820-1888) and Bolesław Podczaszyński (1822-1876). Encouraged by Łepkowski, Rogawski donated the book collection, archaeological artifacts, and works of art and crafts to the Jagiellonian University and the Czartoryski dukes. However, a specialized part of Podczaszyński’s collection - archaeological artifacts with notes on prehistoric finds from the territory of the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth - was purchased by the Academy of Arts and Sciences as a result of Łepkowski’s efforts. Therefore, thanks to the long and complicated measures taken by this tireless researcher, museum expert, and protector of monuments, the collections survived in their entirety to the present day, avoiding the dispersion to which many other private 19th-century collections were subjected.
6
Content available Mechanik Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego Władysław Antoni Grodzicki i jego skraplarki gazów
Wyka Ewa
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
|
2021
|
T. 66, nr 1
109--134
EN
One of the significant achievements in Polish science was the liquefaction of oxygen, air, and other gases in 1883 by the Jagiellonian University professors - Zygmunt Wróblewski and Karol Olszewski. Over the next few years, Krakow became one of the leading units in researching the physicochemical properties of gases. The mechanical workshop of the Jagiellonian University, which produced custom-made laboratory devices for liquefying gases, also gained recognition. The devices were designed by Karol Olszewski, a professor of chemistry at the Jagiellonian University, who modelled them on the countercurrent condenser by William Hampson. The apparatuses were made by the university mechanic, Władysław Grodzicki (1864-1927), who held this post in the years 1897-1927. He offered three types of apparatuses: a cased apparatus, a demonstration apparatus for air liquefaction, and a universal apparatus for liquefaction of air and hydrogen. In order to test how they functioned, a complete gas liquefaction apparatus was installed in the laboratory (including purifiers, a compressor, etc.). These devices were bought by European research institutions, universities, and schools. Grodzicki’s activity contributed to the popularisation of research on low temperatures conducted at the Jagiellonian University. At the same time, it was one of the few Polish companies offering high-class scientific instruments.
7
Content available remote Calikowscy - krakowscy wytwórcy przyrządów naukowych
Wyka Ewa
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
|
2019
|
T. 64, nr 2
79--103
EN
The article presents biographical entries and professional achievements of three makers of scientific instruments from the Jagiellonian University in Krakow, who were related with each other: Roman Calikowski (1886-1940), his brother Ludwik Calikowski (1889-1961) and Roman’s son Roman Julian (1915-1986). These mechanics worked at the Jagiellonian University between 1904 and 1962/1963. Two brothers, Roman and Ludwik, were associated with the University throughout their professional life. During their tenure, the University’s research in the field of low temperatures continued, which was initiated in 1883 by Zygmunt Wróblewski (1845-1888) and Karol Olszewski (1846-1915). The main scientific achievement of these researchers was the liquefaction of oxygen, nitrogen and other solid gases. In the late 19th century, Kraków was an important center of cryogenic research, in which the mechanics played important role. Roman Calikowski made instruments for liquefying gases according to the design of Karol Olszewski. Liquefiers from his workshop were ordered, inter alia, by universities in Chicago, Mumbai and Madrid. A few instruments from his workshop have been preserved in the collections of the Jagiellonian University. Ludwik Calikowski worked as a maker of scientific instruments in a university cryogenic laboratory. He served and maintained the apparatus for liquefying gases and made instruments, although none have survived to this day. Roman Julian Calikowski took over the workshop after his father. Until 1950 he ran his own company, which made simple small microscopes, surveing instruments, psychotechnical devices and other instruments. After moving to Warsaw, he devoted himself to scientific work. Roman Calikowski’s products, especially cryogenic apparatus, represented a high level of workmanship and safety. This is evidenced by numerous orders for its liquefiers submitted by foreign laboratories. The company of Roman Julian Calikowski, apart from a wide range of instruments it offered, used to repair photographic and measuring equipment.
8
Zakład Chemii Analitycznej Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego w 50-lecie istnienia Cz. 4 - działalność dydaktyczna
Kościelniak Paweł
Analityka : nauka i praktyka
|
2019
|
nr 1
64--69
9
Zakład Chemii Analitycznej Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego w 50-lecie istnienia. Cz. 1 - historia, geneza, stan obecny
Kościelniak P.
Analityka : nauka i praktyka
|
2018
|
nr 2
82--85
10
Zakład Chemii Analitycznej Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego w 50-lecie istnienia. Cz. 2 - badania naukowe
Kościelniak P.
Analityka : nauka i praktyka
|
2018
|
nr 3
82--89
11
Zakład Chemii Analitycznej Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego w 50-lecie istnienia. Cz. 3 - działalność organizacyjna
Kościelniak P.
Analityka : nauka i praktyka
|
2018
|
nr 4
49--53
12
Content available Władysław Szajnocha (1858–1928) : wybitny geolog i inspirator organizacji nowoczesnej geologii na ziemiach polskich na przełomie XIX i XX wieku
Urban H.
Przegląd Geologiczny
|
2015
|
Vol. 63, nr 5
281–-283
EN
Władysław Szajnocha was born on June 28, 1857 in Lwów. After graduating University and Technical University of Vienna he was an employee at the National Geological Institute in Vienna. During his stay in Vienna he was investigating Jurassic brachiopods from the Eastern Carpathians, Cretaceous ammonites from the vicinity of Wieliczka as well as Cretaceous ammonite fauna of West Africa, fossil fishes from Monte Bolca in Italy and Carboniferous and Triassic flora of Argentina. He moved to Kraków in 1885, where he was a member of the Orographic - Geological Section of the Academy of Sciences. A year later he became the chair of the Department of Geology at the Jagiellonian University, called the “Cabinet of Geology”. In the years 1911 and 1916–1917, Szajnocha held the position of rector of the Jagiellonian University. He was also the first president of the Polish Geological Society, which was initiated in March 1920. He published two important works concerning researchers of the Carpathian Flysch: “Geological Studies of the Carpathian Mountains in Western Galicia”(1884) and “Mineral Resources of Galicia” (1891). He was also the author of 15 map sheets at the scale 1 : 75 000, included in the “Geological Atlas of Galicia”. A separate field of his geological researchers was related to the issues of oil exploration. Therefore, he took part in a series of expeditions to Turkestan, Austria, Norway and Sweden. Szajnocha is also the author of the article titled “On the National Geological Institution” (1907), published when country was not independent. Therefore, he can be considered as a pioneer of the creation National Geological Survey in Poland. Realization of his idea occurred 12 years later, after resurrection of Polish State and creation of the Polish Geological Institute. Szajnocha died on August Łyczaków Cemetery in Lwów.
13
Content available remote Distinguished graduates in mathematics of Jagiellonian University in the interwar period. Part II: 1926‒1939
Domoradzki S., Stawiska M.
Czasopismo Techniczne. Nauki Podstawowe
|
2015
|
Y. 112, iss. 2-NP
117--141
EN
In this study, we continue presenting profiles of some distinguished graduates in mathematics of the Jagiellonian University. We consider the years 1926‒1939, after the ministerial reform which allowed the students to graduate with a master’s degree. We also give a list of master’s theses in mathematics.
PL
W niniejszym artykule przedstawiamy sylwetki niektórych wybitnych absolwentów Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego w zakresie matematyki. Rozważamy lata 1926‒1939, po reformie ministerialnej umożliwiającej studentom ukończenie studiów w stopniu magistra. Podajemy także listę prac magisterskich z matematyki.
14
Content available remote Distinguished graduates in mathematics of Jagiellonian University in the interwar period. Part I: 1918‒1925
Domoradzki S., Stawiska M.
Czasopismo Techniczne. Nauki Podstawowe
|
2015
|
Y. 112, iss. 2-NP
99--115
EN
In this study, we present profiles of some distinguished graduates in mathematics of the Jagiellonian University from the years 1918‒1925. We discuss their professional paths and scholarly achievements, instances of scientific collaboration, connections with other academic centers in Poland and worldwide, involvement in mathematical education and teacher training, as well as their later roles in Polish scientific and academic life. We also try to understand in what way they were shaped by their studies and how much of Kraków scientific traditions they continued. We find strong support for the claim that there was a distinct, diverse and deep mathematical stream in Kraków between the wars, rooted in classical disciplines such as differential equations and geometry, but also open to new trends in mathematics.
PL
W niniejszym artykule przedstawiamy sylwetki niektórych wybitnych absolwentów Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego w zakresie matematyki z lat 1918‒1925. Omawiamy ich drogi zawodowe i osiągnięcia naukowe, przykłady współpracy naukowej, związki z innymi ośrodkami akademickimi w Polsce i na świecie, zaangażowanie w nauczanie matematyki i kształcenie nauczycieli oraz ich późniejsze role w polskim życiu akademickim. Próbujemy także zrozumieć, w jaki sposób zostali oni ukształtowani przez swoje studia i na ile kontynuowali krakowskie tradycje naukowe. Znajdujemy mocne dowody na poparcie tezy, że w Krakowie międzywojennym istniał wyraźny, zróżnicowany i głęboki nurt matematyczny, zakorzeniony w dyscyplinach klasycznych, takich jak równania różniczkowe i geometria, ale również otwarty na nowe trendy w matematyce.
15
Content available remote A few facts concerning the outstanding Polish mathematician Franciszek Leja
Kosek M.
Czasopismo Techniczne. Nauki Podstawowe
|
2015
|
Y. 112, iss. 2-NP
219--234
EN
We present a collection of facts given by the outstanding Polish mathematician Franciszek Leja (1885‒1979) in his unpublished memoirs, add some other information about him and list some institutions bearing his name.
PL
Przedstawiamy pewne fakty z nieopublikowanych wspomnień wybitnego matematyka Franciszka Leji (1885‒1979), garść innych informacji oraz listę instytucji noszących jego imię.
16
Content available remote Prof. Lucjan Grabowski (1871-1941) : działalność naukowa na Uniwersytecie Jagiellońskim i na Politechnice Lwowskiej
Kowalczuk J.
Przegląd Geofizyczny
|
2013
|
Z. 1-2
81--91
PL
Sto pięćdziesiąta rocznica urodzin prof. M.P. Rudzkiego skłoniła autora do omówienia związków, jakie łączyły dwie uczelnie: Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie i Politechnikę Lwowską we Lwowie w dziedzinie nauk o Ziemi. Na tym tle na przypomnienie zasługuje postać prof. L.K. Grabowskiego – wybitnego badacza z dziedziny astronomii, geodezji i geofizyki. Był on uczniem i kontynuatorem dzieła Prof. M.P. Rudzkiego.
EN
The celebration of one hundred-and-fi ftieth birth anniversary of prof. M.P. Rudzki becomes a suitable occasion to remember the cooperation and joined effort that the two universities (Jagiellonian University and Lvov Technical University) put into the development of Earth ralated studies. The fi gure who deserves special credit in that respect is Professor L.K. Grabowski, the imminent scholar in the fi eld of astronomy, geodesy and geophisics. Grabowski was a student of Prof. M.P. Rudzki and carried out his work.
17
Content available remote Maurycy Pius Rudzki – twórca polskiej geofizyki
Dormus K.
Przegląd Geofizyczny
|
2013
|
Z. 1-2
67--79
PL
Maurycy Pius Rudzki jest jednym z twórców rodzącej się u schyłku XIX w., dyscypliny naukowej – geofizyki. Po studiach przyrodniczych na uniwersytetach we Lwowie i Wiedniu pracował na wyższych uczelniach rosyjskich w Charkowie i Odessie. Powróciwszy do kraju osiadł w Krakowie. 1 XI 1895 r. objął kierownictwo Katedry Geofizyki Matematycznej i Meteorologii na Uniwersytecie Jagiellońskim. Była to pierwsza w Europie katedra geofi zyki. W 1902 r. Rudzki został dyrektorem Obserwatorium Astronomicznego w Krakowie, gdzie prowadził systematyczne badania meteorologiczne, magnetyczne i grawimetryczne. Zorganizował tam też jedną z pierwszych stacji sejsmologicznych w Europie. Rudzki jest autorem wielu wybitnych prac z dziedziny fi zyki Ziemi oraz autorem znakomitych podręczników Fizyka Ziemi, Astronomia teoretyczna i Zasady meteorologii.
EN
Maurycy Pius Rudzki was one of the pioneers of geophysics, an academic discipline that came to being towards the end of the 19th century. After completing his science degree at universities in Lviv and Vienna, Rudzki worked at Russian higher education institutions in Kharkiv and Odessa. Afterwards, he came back to his home country and settled in Krakow. On November 1st, 1895, Rudzki took charge of the Chair of Mathematical Geophysics and Meteorology at the Jagiellonian University. It was the fi rst Chair of Geophysics in Europe. In 1902, Rudzki became the director of the Krakow Observatory, where he conducted meteorological, magnetic and gravimetric research. There, Rudzki also set up one of the fi rst seismological stations in Europe. Rudzki wrote numerous prominent works devoted to the physics of Earth. In addition, he authored several distinguished textbooks, including The Physics of Earth, Theoretical Astronomy and The Rules of Meteorology.
18
Content available Zarządzanie zasobem Zbiorów Kartograficznych Instytutu Geografii i Gospodarki Przestrzennej Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Sokołowski J.
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny
|
2013
|
T. 45, nr 4
352--359
PL
W artykule omówiono historię i stan Zbiorów Kartograficznych Instytutu Geografii i Gospodarki Przestrzennej Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego oraz zasady zarządzania ich zasobem z wykorzystaniem oryginalnego systemu BibMap, wprowadzonego tu po stwierdzeniu niskiej przydatności stosowanego w polskich bibliotekach Formatu MARC 21, którego wady wytknieto na końcu w osobnym załączniku.
EN
The beginnings of the Map Collection of the Jagiellonian University Institute of Geography and Spatial Management are connected to the University’s department of geography which was established in 1848 as the first in Polish territories and the second in the world. In 1920, thanks to professor Ludomir Sawicki’s efforts, the Institute of Geography occupied the historical building of King Władysław IV’s former arsenal. In 2005 the Institute was relocated to the newly constructed university campus on the outskirts of Cracow. The changes which followed the year 1990, such as the declassification of many maps, development of information technology and the opportunity to design new spaces for the library forced the keepers to make a series of decisions related to efficient functioning of the collection. In the face of the possibility to choose from a variety of cataloguing and sharing systems, the author made a critical analysis of MARC 21 Format used in Polish libraries, and upon finding its low suitability for cataloguing cartographic documents, decided to design and implement his own original system called BibMap. The basic assumptions of the system are: quick and unambiguous information transfer in order to acquire the requested map or information about available maps of a given region. The system bases on geographic coordinates, scale, date of elaboration and update as well as emblem and title. The reader can also easily acquire a list of all maps and documents (e.g. aerial photos) of the region with particular geographic coordinates. There are about 60 000 documents – maps, atlases, aerial photos – in the BibMap system. About 1000 maps published before 1945 are available as PDF files. The system is local in character because the maps are only available to employees and students of the Jagiellonian University Institute of Geography and Spatial Management. The article presents data on programs used in BibMap and about their authors. The full description of the Map Collection of the Jagiellonian University Institute of Geography and Spatial Management can be found at www.geo.uj.edu.pl
19
Content available remote Działalność Józefa Markowskiego (1758÷1829) w zakresie geologii
Tarkowski R., Daszkiewicz P.
Przegląd Górniczy
|
2012
|
T. 68, nr 10
110--116
20
Content available remote Starania Wincentego Lutosławskiego o krakowską katedrę filozofii
Mróz T.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
|
2005
|
R. 50, nr 1
79--94
EN
When applying for a chair of philosophy at the Jagiellonian University in Cracow in 1891, Wincenty Lutosławski had already published a number of important articles as well as a doctoral dissertation, which he defended at Dorpat University. While working at the University of Kazan, Lutosławski had been engaged in several research sojourns abroad, including one in London. He had also made contact with another Polish specialist on Plato’s philosophy, Stanisław Pawlicki, who gave a positive referral on the publication of Lutoslawski’s work On Plato’s logic, part I by Akademia Umiejtno[ci (Academy of Science) in Cracow (1891); the subsequent conflict between the two scholars stemmed from differences in world-view and differences in scholarly views relating to methodology and interpretation. The application by Lutosławski, despite being supported by the dean of the Faculty of Philosophy, Maurycy Staszewski, the only philosopher sitting on the faculty council, was rejected, and the majority of faculty council opted for Pawlicki, a renowned professor of the Faculty of Theology. Lutosławski continued to pursue his scholarly career abroad, publishing in several European languages, until the publication in 1897 of his famous work on Plato (The Origin and Growth of Plato s Logic). Meanwhile Pawlicki, burdened both by his teaching responsibilities and the results of the research by Lutosławski, was not able to complete (before his death in 1916) his History of ancient philosophy, the intention of doing which he had declared in the first volume, published in 1890. While Lutosławski was prevented from working in Cracow, he became - thanks to his works - a historian of ancient philosophy whose world renown has persisted until the present day. Pawlicki obtained the Chair, but his works on the history of philosophy are rarely cited today.
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