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1
Content available remote Application of Plasticized Cellulose Triacetate Membranes for Recovery and Separation of Cerium(III) and Lanthanum(III)
Pospiech Beata, Makowka Adam
Autex Research Journal
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2022
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Vol. 22, no. 3
312--317
EN
This work explains the application of plasticized cellulose triacetate (CTA) membranes with Cyanex 272 di(2,4,4-(trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid) and Cyanex 301 (di(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)dithiophosphinic acid) as the ion carriers of lanthanum(III) and cerium(III). CTA is used as a support for the preparation of polymer inclusion membrane (PIM). This membrane separates the aqueous source phase containing metal ions and the receiving phase. 1M H2SO4 is applied as the receiving phase in this process. The separation properties of the plasticized membranes with Cyanex 272 and Cyanex 301 are compared. The results show that the transport of cerium(III) through PIM with Cyanex 272 is more efficient and selective than lanthanum(III).
2
Formowanie wtryskowe proszku
Matula Grzegorz
LAB Laboratoria, Aparatura, Badania
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2020
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R. 25, nr 2
33--37
3
Content available Evaluation of the Sorption Phenomena Mechanism of Polyacrylonitrile Fibres for Selected Dyes in the Aspect of Structural Changes Resulting from Thermal Stabilisation Processes
Marczak Ewa, Marczak Piotr, Sztajnowski Sławomir, Lipp-Symonowicz Barbara
Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe
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2020
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Vol. 28, no. 1 (139)
93--99
EN
The aim of the research was to analyse the influence of the initial heat treatment of polyacrylonitrile fibres on their sorption properties in relation to selected basic and disperse dyes, in order to select the dyeing variants most beneficial from the point of view of increasing the sorption capacity of commonly used dyes and improving the dyeing process. Research was carried out on a fibre produced on an industrial scale, using dyes of basic application importance, which differ in the diffusion properties of the molecules and the mechanism of binding with the fibre material. Thermal treatment of the fibre was carried out in various media (air, water, steam), with various variants of the temperature and its duration, i.e. under the conditions commonly used in fibre preprocessing processes and their "improvement". During the research, several different measurement methods were used to assess changes in the molecular and supramolecular structure of the fibre material: the infrared absorption spectroscopy method, the critical fibre dissolution measurement method, the densitometric method, and the interferential polarisation microscopy method. Fibre sorption changes resulting from the modification of the structure of the fibre under the influence of thermal treatment were analysed from the point of view of improving the efficiency of dye use and shortening the dyeing time based on commonly accepted values of the sorption index Cb and kinetic sorption index: t0.5 for basic dyes and t0.7 for disperse dyes.
PL
Celem badań było określenie wpływu wstępnej obróbki cieplnej badanych włókien poliakrylonitrylowych na ich właściwości sorpcyjne w stosunku do wybranych barwników zasadowych i zawiesinowych. Badania prowadzono na włóknach produkowanych w skali przemysłowej, używając barwników o dużym znaczeniu aplikacyjnych, różniących się właściwościami dyfuzyjnymi cząsteczek oraz mechanizmem wiązania z tworzywem włókna. Obróbkę termiczną prowadzono w różnych mediach (powietrze, woda, para wodna), w różnych wariantach temperatury i czasu jej trwania. W badaniach zastosowano metody pomiarowe, pozwalające oceniać zmiany parametrów budowy cząsteczkowej i nadcząsteczkowej tworzywa włókien: metodę spektroskopii absorpcyjnej w podczerwieni, metodę pomiaru krytycznego czasu rozpuszczania włókien, metodę densytometryczną oraz metodę mikroskopii interferencyjno-polaryzacyjnej. Zmiany zdolności sorpcyjnej włókien analizowano z punktu widzenia poprawy efektywności wykorzystania barwników i skrócenia czasu barwienia w oparciu o wartości wskaźnika sorpcji Cb oraz kinetycznych wskaźników sorpcji: t0,5 dla barwnika zasadowego i t0,7 dla barwników zawiesinowych.
4
Content available remote Synthesis of Polymer Inclusion Membranes based on Cellulose Triacetate for Recovery of Lanthanum(III) from Aqueous Solutions
Makowka Adam, Pospiech Beata
Autex Research Journal
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2019
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Vol. 19, no. 3
288--292
EN
Polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) containing cellulose triacetate (CTA) as a polymer matrix and 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE) as a plasticizer was developed. This membrane also contained di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) and tributyl phosphate (TBP) as the carriers of metal ions. The facilitated transport of lanthanum(III) from aqueous nitrate(V) solutions across PIM was studied. It was observed that metal ions were transported from the source phase into 2M H2SO4 as the receiving phase. The transport through PIM with D2EHPA as the ion carrier was found as the more effective method of lanthanum(III) removal from the aqueous solution than transport through PIM with TBP as the ion carrier.
5
Content available Abexperimental analysis of the transport mechanism of chromium(III) ions in the polymer inclusion membrane system stract
Rajewski J., Łobodzin P.
Problemy Eksploatacji
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2016
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no. 1
105--117
EN
The paper presents an experimental analysis of the mechanism of chromium(III) ion transport in a polymer inclusion membrane (PIM). First of all, the influence of the carrier concentration on chromium(III) transport kinetics through polymer inclusion membranes is investigated. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) was used as a carrier. The initial Cr(III) concentration was changed. The authors indicate that the transport efficiency of Cr(III) depends on the D2EHPA concentration in the PIM. Regardless of the initial chromium(III) concentration, for experimental conditions, there was an optimal range of carrier concentration, somewhere between 30–50% v/v, for which the process was the most effective. The authors propose the “jumping” transport as the dominant transport mechanism in the investigated system.
PL
W pracy dokonano eksperymentalnej analizy mechanizmu transportu jonów chromu(III) w polimerowej membranie inkluzyjnej (PIM). W pierwszej kolejności zbadano wpływ stężenia przenośnika na kinetykę transportu jonów chromu (III) przez polimerową membrane inkluzyjną. Jako przenośnika jonów Cr(III) użyto kwasu di(2-etylkoheksylo) fosforowego (D2EHPA). Badania prowadzono przy różnym stężeniu początkowym jonów chromu. Autorzy wskazują, że efektywność transportu jest zależna od stężenia D2EHPA w PIM. Niezależnie od początkowego stężenia Cr(III) w warunkach prowadzenia badań wyznaczono zakres stężeń przenośnika 30–50% v/v, przy których transport zachodził najefektywniej. Zaproponowano mechanizm przeskokowy jako transport dominujący.
6
Content available Application of polymer inclusion membranes doped with 1-hexyl-4-methylimidazole for pertraction of zinc(II) and other transition metal ions
Ulewicz M., Radzyminska-Lenarcik E.
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
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2015
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Vol. 51, iss. 2
447--460
EN
Transport of Zn(II) from unary aqueous chloride solutions and from solutions which contain mixtures of Cd(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) ions in source phases (cMe = 0.001 mol/dm3, pH = 6.0) across polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) doped with 1-hexyl-4-methylimidazole as ion carrier was studied. The use of 1-hexyl-4-methylimidazole enables the separation of 98.5% Zn(II) from a unary solution and 96.9% from a quaternary solution of Zn(II)-Cd(II)-Co(II)-Ni(II) after running the process for 24 hours. Using that ion carrier, the metals are transported in the following order: Zn(II) > Cd(II) > Ni(II) > Co(II), and the selectivity coefficients of Zn(II)/Cd(II), Zn(II)/Ni(II), and Zn(II)/Co(II) are 12.9, 23.4 and 40.8, respectively. Findings of atomic force microscopy (AFM) examinations as well as thermograms of a polymer inclusion membrane containing 1-hexyl-4-methylimidazole are also presented. A membrane with 1.0 mol/dm3 of carrier has a porosity of 15.8%, and roughness of 6.6 nm. The membranes remain thermally stable at temperatures up to 200oC. The findings were compared with earlier-reported results for 1-hexylimidazole.
7
Dokładność wymiarowa i skurcz mikroelementów z proszków formowanych wtryskowo
Skalski A., Biało D., Paszkowski L.
Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Świętokrzyskiej. Nauki Techniczne
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2014
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Z. 18
214--220
PL
Artykuł dotyczy problemów związanych z dokładnością wymiarową i skurczem mikroelementów otrzymywanych przez formowanie wtryskowe proszków. Przedstawiony został wpływ ziarnistości i napełnienia na otrzymane wymiary i skurcz spieczonych mikropróbek i mikrowyrobów.
EN
This article presents the problems the accuracy of the dimensions and the shrinkage microelements obtained by powder injection moulding. Iron powders for the manufacture of microelements were used. The influence of powder granularity and powder volume fraction in the mass on the accuracy of the dimensions and sintering shrinkage is also presented in this paper.
8
Content available Selective recovery of cobalt(II) towards lithium(I) from chloride media by transport across polymer inclusion membrane with triisooctylamine
Pospiech B.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2014
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Vol. 16, nr 1
15-20
EN
In this work the selective transport of cobalt(II) and lithium(I) ions from aqueous chloride solutions through polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) is presented. Triisooctylamine (TIOA) has been applied as the ion carrier in membrane. The effects of various parameters on the transport of Co(II) and Li(I) were studied. The obtained results show that Co(II) ions were effectively removed from source phase through PIM containing 32 wt.% TIOA, 22 wt.% CTA (cellulose triacetate) and 46 wt.% ONPOE (o-nitrophenyl octyl ether) or ONPPE (o-nitrophenyl pentyl ether) into deionized water as the receiving phase. The results indicate that there is a possibility of polymer inclusion membranes application to recover Co(II) and Li(I) from aqueous chloride solutions.
9
Content available Selective chromium III/VI separation in polymer inclusion membrane system
Rajewski J., Religa P., Wojasiński M., Gierycz P.
Challenges of Modern Technology
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2014
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Vol. 5, no. 1
15--19
EN
Analyze of chromium(III) transport process from mixtures of Cr(III)/Cr(VI) ions with polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) system have been done. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) have been used as a carrier. It was found that the transport efficiency in PIM is dependent on the carrier concentration in the membrane. It was found that there is an optimal range of carrier concentration in the membrane, which ensures rapid and efficient transport. In studied system optimal D2EHPA concentration was in range between 0,9- 1,5 mol/dm3. Membrane worked as selective barrier for Cr(VI) ions. However increase of Cr(VI) concentration above 0,0005 mol/dm3 negatively influenced Cr(III) transport. It was caused by degradation of the polymer inclusion membrane made of cellulose triacetate (CTA) . Strongly oxidizing Cr(VI) ions can damage polymer inclusion membrane with CTA matrix. The chemical attack of strongly oxidant Cr(VI) ions could lead either to hydrolysis of the pendant acetyl group or to oxidation of polymer backbone leading to chain scission. Moreover, oxidation is accelerated at high concentration of Cr(VI) ions. The membrane containing D2EHPA as a carrier can be recommended for selective separation of Cr(III) ions only from diluted Cr(VI)/Cr(III) mixtures. However the polymer inclusion membrane need a change the polymer matrix.
10
Content available remote Fosfoniowe ciecze jonowe jako przenośniki jonów metali
Baczyńska M., Regel-Rosocka M.
Przemysł Chemiczny
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2013
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T. 92, nr 9
1574-1576
PL
Trzy fosfoniowe ciecze jonowe: chlorek i bis(2,4,4-trimetylopentylo)fosfinian triheksylo(tetradecylo)fosfoniowy oraz chlorek tributylo(tetradecylo)fosfoniowy zastosowano jako przenośniki Zn(II) w polimerowych membranach inkluzyjnych. Transport Zn(II) zależy od masowego stosunku IL/plastyfikator w membranie, rodzaju matrycy membrany, hydrofobowości powierzchni membrany, a także obecności jonów żelaza w fazie zasilającej.
EN
Three com. phosphonium ionic liqs. (trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride and bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate and tributyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride) were used as Zn(II) carriers in o-NO2C6H4OC8H17-plastified poly(vinyl chloride) or cellulose triacetate-based inclusion membranes. Zn(II) transport depended on ionic liq./plasticizer ratio in the membrane, type of polymer, hydrophobicity of the membrane surface and presence of Fe ions in the feed phase.
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