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1

Analysis of recent airborne gravity and magnetic data for the interpretation of basement structures underneath the south–western Benue trough using source edge detector filters

Abdullahi Mukaila, Kumar Raj, Idi Bello Yusuf, Singh Upendra Kumar, Abba Adamu Usman

Acta Geophysica

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2023

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Vol. 71, no. 4

1595--1606

EN

We present the detail basement and trends of geological structures associated with the Mesozoic-Cenozoic volcanism in the south–western region of the Nigerian Benue trough using recent gravity and magnetic anomalies of the region. The analysis aimed at recognizing and mapping the basement structure that controlled the distribution and source host of hydrocarbon and other economic mineral resources in the region. The structural recognition and mapping is done on the basis of the utilization of the Tilt Angle (TA) and Total Horizontal Derivative of the Tilt Angle (THDTA) of gravity and magnetic data. From these techniques, we have been able to identify and mapped out those edges of anomalous sources due to the gravity and magnetic data that are in association with the basement geological structures of the area. Based on the mapped structural trends, it is observed that the basement structures derived from both the gravity and magnetic anomalies correlated well with the zones of volcanic rocks around Gboko and area between Lefin and Oturkpo. The two locations are sitting over gravity and magnetic highs suggesting high density and susceptibility material below the subsurface. The Euler deconvolution method suggested depths between 1 and 5 km from both gravity and magnetic data. Deeper basement of anomalous sources are suggested between 3 and 5 km. The 1 km depth interprets the regions of basement highs or corresponding to intrusive zones.

2

Excess load on ships and its effects on stability performance in Nigerian waterways

Adepoju Olusegun Onifade, Bello Kingdom

Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics

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2022

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Vol. 7, No. 1

62--72

EN

This research has been carried out to examine the impact of excess shipload on ship performance and stability. The objectives are to analyse the trend of sinking ships in Nigeria occasioned to ship excess load. Secondly, to examine the relationship between load size and ship stability and identify the various factors responsible for ship instability. Data were gathered from operators in the maritime industry using structured questionnaires and interviews as data collection instruments. Four significant stakeholders that can provide information based on their involvement across three strata of management, operation and general cadre were sampled. Pearson Moment Correlation technique has been used to examine the relationship between load size and ship stability, and Analysis of Variance-one was used to identify the various factors responsible for ship instability. The Pearson Moment Correlation technique analysis shows a significant relationship between load size and stability. The analysis of variance revealed that "hogging and sagging" is the most crucial factor among the factors identified for ship instability. It has the highest value of F-ratio of 17.837 with a significance at p<0.05. The research concluded that resultant accidents from the instability of vessels are caused majorly by hogging and sagging of vessels, and notably, the occurrence is much in riverine areas in Nigeria. Loading the vessel has a relationship with the vessel's stability, as depicted from the analysis in this research. Recommendations on how to enhance stability through boat construction, shipbuilding, loading and passenger's use of life jackets, among others were made.

3

Understanding government policies on renewable energy deployment and climate change mitigation in Nigeria since the russia-ukraine crisis

Adeforiti Rotimi, Fasoye Temitope Esther

Energy Policy Studies

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2022

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No. 3 (11)

3--15

EN

The global energy sector remains affected by the Russian-Ukraine crisis. Prior to the crisis, the United Nation Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has energy transition plan from fossil fuel to renewable sources, a measure aimed at addressing climate change by the year 2030. However, while the Russian-Ukraine belligerent relationship was not predicted, it has served as a catalyst for energy transition across the world given the increase in the price of fossil fuel. The study addressed the question; Is the effect of Russia-Ukraine crisis on fossil fuel accessibility enhancing renewable energy deployment in electricity generation in Nigeria? The study analyzed how the effect of Russia-Ukraine crisis on fossil fuel accessibility in enhancing renewable energy deployment in electricity generation in Nigeria. The underlying assumption of the study is that the Russia-Ukraine crisis will not catalyze the transition of electricity generation from fossil fuel to renewable sources in Nigeria. The theoretical framework of the study is public choice theory and it is applied from the perspective that government instrument instead of market force allocate certain need. The study adopted descriptive research design and Nigeria transition to renewable energy was case studied. Information were obtained from purposively selected government documents and website pages of concerned agencies. Information gathered were content analyzed. The study noted that electrical energy continued to be sourced from non-renewable sources in the country despite the extant policies of government on transition to renewable energy in the country. The study concluded that politics rather than emergency situation drives energy transition.

4

Physicochemical changes and abundance of freshwater snails in Anambra River (Nigeria) during the rainy season

Okoye Charles Obinwanne, Echude Daniel, Chiejina Chike Obinna, Andong Felix Atawal, Okoye Kingsley Chukwuebuka, Ugwuja Samuel Ejike, Ezeonyejiaku Chigozie Damian, Eyo Joseph

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S

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2022

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Vol. 29, nr 2

169--181

EN

Rapid diversification is a way of responding to environmental change for freshwater organisms. This work examined the physicochemical changes and abundance of freshwater snails in Anambra River (Nigeria) during the rainy season. Field studies were conducted fortnightly from June to August 2019 at three stations of the river namely: Otuocha (station I), Otunsugbe (station II), and Ukwubili (station III) about 8.35 kilometers apart from each other. A scoop net of 2 cm mesh size and handpicking was used to sample freshwater snails randomly and water samples were taken to the laboratory for physicochemical analysis. A total of 896 freshwater snails belonging to 6 species (Afropomus balanoidea, Pomacea maculata, Lymnea stagnalis, Lanistes ovum, Pila wernei, and Saulea vitrea) were collected. Pomacea maculata was the most dominant species with a relative abundance of 45.87 %, while Saulea vitrea was the least dominant species with a relative abundance of 2.34 %. There was a significant negative correlation between dissolved oxygen and Pomacea maculate (r = –0.877, p = 0.002) and a positive correlation between dissolved oxygen and Stagnalis lymnea (r = 0.840, p = 0.005). The diversity of species was highest at Otuocha (1.171) followed by Ukwubili (1.133) and Otunsugbe (0.856) with average mean temperatures of (23.1 ±0.1) °C, (27.30 ±0.00) °C, and (26.80 ±0.03) °C respectively. The distribution of freshwater snails was influenced by the physicochemical variability of Anambra River during the rainy season. Therefore, further studies for a longer time and different seasons to examine the impact of physicochemical changes on the snail distribution are encouraged.

5

Digital forensic readiness of cybercrime investigating institutions in nigeria: a case study of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) and the Nigeria police force

Sibe Robinson Tombari, Muller S. Raschid

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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2022

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Vol. 34

53--57

EN

This case study investigates Nigeria's cybercrime agencies' digital forensic readiness and forensic capability and how this affects the cybercrime caseloads and prosecution. The Routine Activity Theory (RAT) and the Technology, Organization, and Environment (TOE) theories were applied. This study used the TOE framework to examine the digital forensic technology adoption and forensic readiness of cybercrime investigators in Nigeria and relates this with the RAT framework and the effectiveness of law enforcement agencies as capable guardians. The research population of this study was the Nigerian Internet fraud investigative agencies -- the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) and the Nigeria Police Force (NPF). Eighteen participants from the two organizations were interviewed. The paper concluded that the cybercrime investigators in Nigeria are not forensically ready given the established lack of digital forensic resources (technological gap, human resources gap, skills gap, funding gap), particularly when juxtaposed with the high cybercrime caseloads in the country.

6

Impact Analysis of Renewable Energy based Generation in West Africa – A case study of Nigeria

Adeyemi-Kayode Temitope M., Misra Sanjay, Damaševičius Robertas

Problemy Ekorozwoju

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2021

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Vol. 16, nr 1

67--78

EN

The limited supply of fossil fuels, constant rise in the demand of energy and the importance of reducing greenhouse emissions has brought about the adoption of renewable energy sources for generation of electrical power. In this paper, the impact of renewable energy generation in Nigeria is explored. A review of renewable deposits in Nigeria with a focus on Solar, Biomass, Hydropower, Pumped Storage Hydro and Ocean energy is detailed. The impact of renewable energy-based generation is assessed from three different dimensions: Economic Impact, Social Impact and Environmental Impact. In accessing economic impact; the conditions are employment and job creation, gross domestic product (GDP) growth and increase in local research and development. To analyze the social impact; renewable energy education, renewable energy businesses, ministries and institutes, renewable energy projects and investments as well as specific solar and wind projects across Nigeria were considered. Also, environmental issues were discussed. Similarly, policy imperatives for renewable energy generation in Nigeria was provided. This paper would be useful in accessing the successes Nigeria has experienced so far in the area of sustainable development and the next steps to achieving universal energy for all in Nigeria in 2030.

PL

Ograniczona podaż paliw kopalnych, stały wzrost zapotrzebowania na energię oraz konieczność ograniczenia emisji gazów cieplarnianych pociągnęły za sobą konieczność stosowania odnawialnych źródeł energii do wytwarzania energii elektrycznej. W artykule zbadano wpływ wytwarzania energii odnawialnej w Nigerii. Szczegółowy przegląd zasobów energii odnawialnej w Nigerii, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem energii słonecznej, biomasy, energii wodnej i elektrowni szczytowo-pompowych i energii oceanicznej. Produkcja energii ze źródeł odnawialnych została przeanalizowana w trzech różnych wymiarach: wpływ na gospodarkę, wpływ na społeczeństwo i wpływ na środowisko. W aspekcie wpływu na gospodarkę wzięto pod uwagę: zatrudnienie i tworzenie miejsc pracy, wzrost produktu krajowego brutto (PKB) oraz wzrost lokalnych badań i rozwój. Analiza wpływu społecznego objęła: edukację w zakresie energii odnawialnej, przedsiębiorstwa, ministerstwa i instytuty zajmujące się energią odnawialną, projekty i inwestycje w zakresie energii odnawialnej, a także konkretne projekty dotyczące energii słonecznej i wiatrowej w całej Nigerii. Omówiono również kwestie środowiskowe. W podobny sposób przedstawiono imperatywy polityczne dotyczące wytwarzania energii odnawialnej w Nigerii. Ten artykuł wskazuje na istotny dla Nigerii cel zrównoważonego rozwoju, jakim jest odnawialna energia dla wszystkich. Celem jest osiągnięcie w tym kraju powszechnej odnawialnej energii dla wszystkich w 2030 r.

7

Performance assessment of the state of road infrastructure in selected urban centers in Kogi State in Nigeria

Olorunfemi Samuel

Prace Komisji Geografii Komunikacji PTG

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2021

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nr 24(1)

31--43

EN

Road infrastructure has been identified as a major factor in the development of a nation and where is lacking or inadequate usually creates a memorable hardship for road users. To this end, this study assessed the state of road infrastructure in selected urban centres in Kogi State, Nigeria. Structured questionnaire cum field observation were deployed to collect the required data for the study. The structure questionnaire were administered to one thousand, two hundred and fifteen (1,215) household heads in the selected urban centres to elicit information on the perception of the urban dwellers with the state of road infrastructure. More importantly, Z-Score technique was utilized to show variation in the distribution of road infrastructure in the selected urban centres in Kogi State. Findings revealed that disparity exists in the provision of road infrastructure across the selected urban centres in the study area with the highest Z-Score value of 3.85 in Lokoja and a least Z-Score value of -0.28 in Mopa-Amuro. Findings also indicated that that the respondents (urban dwellers) were dissatisfied with the condition of road network and fairly satisfied with the state of bridge and drainage system, lay-by and walk way, street light, traffic/road sign and parking spaces available in the study area. Having revealed the level of satisfaction of respondents with the physical state of existing road infrastructures and their serviceability, the study recommends that Kogi State government should made concerted efforts to develop and implement standard road infrastructure capacity framework for road construction, rehabilitation and maintenance across the urban centres in Kogi State.

8

An Assessment of the Geometric Growth of Railway Transport in Nigeria. A Literature-based Study from 1970 and 2016

Oluwakoya Adeniyi Olufemi, Ogundipe Seun David

Prace Komisji Geografii Komunikacji PTG

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2021

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nr 24(4)

30--40

EN

Rail transport offers a huge benefit to Nigeria’s socio-economic activities because of its capacity to pull huge volumes of freight and convey large numbers of passengers. Despite these, commerce and socio-economic cohesion have been badly affected as road transport still dominates in overland transport. The revitalization of the rail mode towards economy recovery has suffered greatly since the 1970s. This study examines the spatiotemporal development of the railways in Nigeria. The methodology comprises longitudinal research design spanning over 30 years, from 1970 to 2016. The study reveals the spatiotemporal influence of rail transportation on the spatial development of localities and cities by attracting passengers, cargoes, and revenue receipts. The findings reveals also that rail transportation is experiencing a remarkable transition but has not attained the optimal level in rail development and performance across the country. Therefore more investment and better management are still needed.

9

Analysis of road transportation infrastructure construction and maintenance for sustainable development in South-Western Nigeria

Adepoju Olusegun Onifade

Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics

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2021

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Vol. 6, No. 1

49--58

EN

The approaches to managing our road transportation infrastructure are not sustainable. A sustainable road transport infrastructure must meet the needs of present road users and give allowance to accommodate future developments. There is a gap between expected life span of roads in Nigeria and actual life span after putting the infrastructure into use. This paper examined the reasons government cannot repair roads in Nigeria, identify the challenges faced by the construction companies while on road construction projects and the effects of bad roads on national sustainable development. Ministry of Works and Transport, Ibadan and ad hoc staff of two major construction companies Reynolds Construction Company (RCC) and China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation (CCECC) were purposively selected based on the number of roads they have constructed in South-western Nigeria. Principal Component Analysis was used to identify the various factors that are responsible for the inability of government to construct and repair roads. Descriptive analysis was used to explain the challenges of construction companies and also the effects of bad road on national development. The findings identified 20 factors that are responsible for the inability of government to construct and maintain roads which were reduced into eight components. Some challenges in road construction are erosion, inadequate skilled labour, capital for equipment, funding, user’s problem and machinery repairs. The effects of bad roads include: road crashes (27%), high vehicle maintenance cost (21%), capital flight (17%), passengers’ discomfort (14%), high transportation cost (11%) and drivers’ fatigue (10%). The study concluded that, there should be standardized procedure for road construction projects in the form of: penalty for failure to meet the required deadline, quality, usage and rehabilitation in order to achieve sustainable development

10

Identification of the Key Causes and Measures to Prevent Building Collapses in Nigeria

Nwosu Chiemezie Chisom, Zima Krzysztof

Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

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2021

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Vol. 31, no. 4

55--75

EN

Buildings collapse in the Nigerian major urban cities continues to engender an excessive number of fatalities, injuries and property damage. The collapse of building infrastructure, though prominent in developing economies, is a worldwide issue. Building developments collapse at the construction stages and in some cases after commissioning. Examples abound in recent times in Abuja and Lagos. The major problem is the unquantifiable resources wasted when building construction development collapses. If the answer to this endemic problem is proper project management, it becomes imperative to institutionalize its activities in Nigeria. Building Collapse is an occurrence that has been notorious over the decades. It is caused by many factors which have their great impact on the lives and properties of man. This study reviews current causes in the building industry. In view of this development, this study is aimed at demonstrating how real estate project management strategy helps in building collapse. Data from the primary source were basically from the designed instrument, which were distributed to the population of 100 professionals in the building industries. In this paper, it was concluded that the key causes of building collapse are weak/faulty foundations, inefficient stringent quality control in material utilization, and management, boycotting the professionals, absence of proper site investigation, the absence of proper site investigation and the engagement of inexperienced personnel. The aim of the study was to identify the factors influencing the occurrence of construction disasters in Nigeria in order to prevent them in the future. However, the analysis of the results gathered, reveal that, there was variance in opinions, as to the causes of building collapse among professionals in an attempt to exonerate themselves from the blame for building collapse. These were classified as the areas in the building sector that were prone to building collapse. Therefore, this study claims that the above-listed causes of building collapse are predominant in the Nigerian construction industry.

11

Groundwater potential assessment as a preliminary step to solving water scarcity challenges in Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria

Ajibade Fidelis Odedishemi, Olajire Olabanji Olatona, Ajibade Temitope Fausat, Fadugba Olaolu George, Idowu Temitope Ezekiel, Adelodun Bashir, Opafola Omobolaji Taofeek, Lasisi Kayode Hassan, Adewumi James Rotimi, Pham Quoc Bao

Acta Geophysica

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2021

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Vol. 69, no. 4

1367--1381

EN

Water scarcity is a major challenge around the world, particularly in Ekpoma community, Edo State, Nigeria. The population depends on water vendors and reservoir tanks as a means of water supply. This study aims to make an assessment of groundwater potentials for efective and sustainable water resources management in Ekpoma. Seven criteria were considered to determine groundwater potentiality including slope, rainfall, land use, drainage density, distance to lineament, soil, and geology. According to their impact on groundwater, the parameters were grouped into fuzzy membership categories. The groundwater potentiality map was generated by overlaying the fuzzy members. Of the 101.2 km2 area of Ekpoma, the high, medium, and low potential zones cover 7.9, 6.4, and 85.7% of the total area, respectively. High and medium groundwater zones were identifed mostly on the outskirt of the built-up areas. These groundwater potential areas were discovered to be predominant around the lineament areas suggesting that lineament plays a major role in the potential for groundwater in the study area. Reservoirs can be assigned in these high potential areas. Conclusively, the generated groundwater prospective map can be exploited for hydrological policy making and also by water supply engineers to predict the availability of groundwater.

12

“Sweat is invisible in the rain”: Civilian Joint Task Force and counter-insurgency in Borno State, Nigeria

Bamidele Seun

Security and Defence Quarterly

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2020

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Vol. 31, No. 4

171--188

EN

Political, ethnic and religious conflict has given rise to insurgency groups employing a variety of strategies worldwide. In Nigeria, civilians in strife-torn Borno State have formed a number of counter-insurgency (COIN) groups, among which the Civilian Joint Task Force (CJTF) has emerged as a major player. The group began in 2009 as a simple call for volunteers, and now numbers over 26 000 men and women. While research has been conducted on other COIN groups, little is known of CJTF. Concerns have been raised about the CJTF metamorphosing into an ethnic militia, accused of human rights abuses, robbery, rape and hooliganism. Despite these reported atrocities, local people support them, regarding them as unsung heroes. The study investigates the group’s potential as a useful counter insurgency measure, using David Galula’s COIN theory to analyse the group’s actions and to contest the dualistic understanding of conventional vs unconventional, local peacebuilding approaches. The study adopts a qualitative, ethnographic methodology, locating the research in the context of global development and security discourse. The study aims to establish the value of the CJTF COIN group, to position unconventional local COIN as a viable complementary to conventional methods and to proffer clues as to how security initiatives may more successfully combat Islamic insurgency in Nigeria. The study employed both primary and secondary data. Field work for the study was carried out for six months between 2018 and 2019 in Maiduguri Metropolis and its environs in Borno State.

13

Monitoring and forecasting spatio-temporal LULC for Akure rainforest habitat in Nigeria

Aliyu Yahaya A, Youngu Terwase T., Abubakar Aliyu Z., Bala Adamu, Jesulowo Christianah I.

Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics

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2020

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Vol. 110

29--38

EN

For several decades, Nigerian cities have been experiencing a decline in their biodiversity resulting from rapid land use land cover (LULC) changes. Anticipating short/long-term consequences, this study hypothesised the effects of LULC variables in Akure, a developing tropical rainforest city in south-west Nigeria. A differentiated trend of urban LULC was determined over a period covering 1999–2019. The study showed the net change for bare land, built-up area, cultivated land, forest cover and grassland over the two decades to be -292.68 km2, +325.79 km2, +88.65 km2, +8.62 km2 and -131.38 km2, respectively. With a projected population increase of about 46.85%, the study identified that the built-up land cover increased from 1.98% to 48.61%. The change detection analysis revealed an upsurge in built area class. The expansion indicated a significant inverse correlation with the bare land class (50.97% to 8.66%) and grassland class (36.33% to 17.94%) over the study period. The study observed that the land consumption rate (in hectares) steadily increased by 0.00505, 0.00362 and 0.0687, in the year 1999, 2009 and 2019, respectively. This rate of increase is higher than studies conducted in more populated cities. The Cellular Automata (CA) Markovian analysis predicted a 37.92% growth of the study area will be the built-up area in the next two decades (2039). The 20-year prediction for Akure built-up area is within range when compared to CA Markov prediction for other cities across the globe. The findings of this study will guide future planning for rational LULC

14

Seismic stratigraphic analysis for hydrocarbon exploration in the Beta Field, Coastal Swamp Depobelt, Niger Delta

Adeleye Mutiu A., Yekeen Kazeem O., Amidu Sikiru A.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2020

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Vol. 46, no. 4

259--271

EN

Hydrocarbon exploration analysis from a seismic stratigraphic approach was carried out within the Beta Field, Coastal Swamp Depobelt, Niger Delta, to identify system tracts and sequence boundaries that could be associated with potential hydrocarbon accumulation. 3D seismic volume and data from four wells were analyzed. Depositional sequences, system tracts, sequence boundaries, and candidate maximum flooding surfaces were picked from logs, while reflection patterns and terminations were interpreted from seismic sections. Log shapes from gamma rays in combination with seismic facies analysis were interpreted in order to delineate lithology, depositional environments and depositional sequences. Seismic attributes were extracted and were draped on gridded surfaces from the interpreted seismic horizons. These were integrated with structure maps to obtain structural and stratigraphic trends, and possible presence of reservoir sand. Five depositional sequences and nine seismic facies were identified within the field. The depositional sequences were designated Sequences S1 to S5 based on the depth of the occurrences and stacking patterns. This study reveals a progression from fluvial depositional settings to the shelf. The main reservoirs identified are the sand units of the highstand and lowstand within three depositional sequences (S1, S4 and S5) although interbedded sands within the TST of S4 and S5 are also suspected of being potential reservoirs. The channel sand deposits within the study area are suspected to be hydrocarbon bearing as they occurred within the complex fault trapping system popular in the Niger Delta. The application of seismic stratigraphy, as shown in this study, serves to encourage exploration in the Niger Delta where it could be effectively employed for reducing risk in hydrocarbon exploration.

15

Characterization of lithological zones of the Isanlu sheet 225, North Central Nigeria, using aerogeophysical datasets

Akinsunmade Akinniyi, Nguyen Dinh Chau, Wojas Anna, Tomecka-Suchoń Sylwia

Acta Geophysica

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2020

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Vol. 68, no. 3

651--665

EN

Gridded aeromagnetic and aeroradiometric datasets of Isanlu sheet 225 were processed and interpreted in order to map the geological structures and characteristic lithology, as well as potential mineral ore zones in the area. Recorded aeromagnetic data were reduced to the magnetic equator before fltering operations which enhanced the magnetic anomalies. Analytic signal map was created, and subsequently a model was generated along a selected profle for better interpretation of the subsurface materials. On the aeroradiometric data were performed both enhancement and statistical operations. The lithological zones were identifed. They are metasedimentary rocks, migmatites and igneous rocks occupying varying proportions within the entire area. Some potential radioactive or precious metal ore zones were also localized. A major structure interpreted in the study area trends in the SE–NW direction. Other surface structures were also delineated and general orientation was evaluated. This information may serve as a valuable database for further prospective research and mineral exploration in the region.

16

Determinants of travel behaviour in taxi transport system of Lagos Metropolis of Nigeria

Aiyegbajeje Femi Ola

Prace Komisji Geografii Komunikacji PTG

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2019

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nr 22(1)

13--21

EN

Literatures have stressed the importance of mode choice preference in accurately predicting the future travel demand. Despite having diverse travel needs and challenges coupled with the proliferation of informal operation of car hire services in Lagos over the years, there is still a lack of knowledge and understanding of the intra-mode use behaviour of Lagos metropolitan residents of taxi services. This is necessary to address the numerous challenges posed by inadequate transport supply within the Lagos metropolis. Using the availability of the traditional taxi (Lagos yellow cabs), Uber, Bolt, this study examines the factors that drive a sustainable intra-modal competition through the mode choice behaviour of a diverse Lagos population with residents sampled from selected areas where all the three modes operate within the Lagos metropolis. A structured questionnaire form was administered randomly to 174 commuters to find out the reasons behind their preference and their perception of the service delivery of ride service hailing operators in comparison to the traditional taxi (Lagos yellow cabs). The study revealed that Uber had the highest preference (41.3%) followed by Bolt (36.8%) with yellow cabs recording only 6.9%. Service charge (cost) for taxi service was responsible for 74.1% of intra-modal preferences. The stepwise multiple regression results further revealed that easy access to Uber and Bolt (through the use of ride-sharing apps) and service charge had significant influence on passengers’ intra-mode preference. The study suggests that government should step up action at reviving the ‘yellow cabs’ to boost access to taxi services within Lagos metropolis.

17

Private for-profit rural water supply in Nigeria: Policy constraints and options for improved performance

Obeta Michael Chukwuma

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2019

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no. 41

101--110

EN

Water scarcity is a major and growing problem in Nigerian rural areas, leading to the emergence of private for-profit water services providers (PPWSPs). This paper characterizes the landscape of PPWSPs in Nigerian rural communities using information collected from field observations, in-depth interviews, questionnaire surveys, and from published water resources literature. The data collected were analysed through the use of descriptive statistical tools. The results revealed the characteristics, categories, contributions and concerns of water users regarding water supplies by PPWSPs. Responses show that PPWSPs are helping to engender development, guarantee end-users with access to sufficient and reliable supplies and reduce water shortages in the study communities. Sixty four percent of sampled households depend on PPWSPs for their water requirements. Many PPWSPs operate outside the purview of government regulations and have differentiated service modes and prizes to gain wider acceptability. Despite the progress made by PPWSPs, however, the strategy can neither guarantee universal access nor the supply of safe drinking water. Significant barriers to the operations of PPWSPs, how to close the policy-gaps that constrain services delivery by PPWSPs and improve performances through setting of standards and regulatory reforms are discussed.

PL

Niedostatek wody jest głównym i narastającym problemem na wiejskich obszarach Nigerii, przyczyniając się do powstawania prywatnych, komercyjnych dostawców wody (PPWSPs). W niniejszej pracy scharakteryzowano usytuowanie prywatnych dostawców w wiejskich społecznościach Nigerii na podstawie informacji zdobytych w obserwacjach terenowych, wywiadach, ankietach i pochodzących z literatury tematu. Zgromadzone dane analizowano za pomocą opisowych narzędzi statystycznych. Wyniki ujawniły charakterystyki, kategorie, udział i obawy odbiorców wody co do dostaw realizowanych przez dostawców. Odpowiedzi świadczą, że firmy te wspierają rozwój, gwarantują odbiorcom wystarczający i niezawodny dostęp do zasobów wody i zmniejszają ograniczenia w tym dostępie wśród badanych społeczności. Zapotrzebowanie na wodę jest zaspokajane przez PPWSPs w 64% analizowanych gospodarstw domowych. Wiele takich firm działa poza zakresem rządowych regulacji i realizuje zróżnicowane sposoby dostarczania usług i ustalania cen, aby osiągnąć szerszą akceptację. Mimo postępu dokonanego przez PPWSPs, taka strategia nie gwarantuje powszechnego dostępu do wody ani dostaw bezpiecznej wody pitnej. W pracy przedyskutowano znaczące ograniczenia w działaniach dostawców wody, sposoby wypełnienia luk prawnych, które ograniczają usługi świadczone przez te firmy, oraz sposoby ulepszenia ich funkcjonowania poprzez ustanowienie standardów i regulacji prawnych.

18

A supply chain assessment of logistics development drivers of South Eastern Nigeria

Onyemechi Chinedum

Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics

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2019

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Vol. 4, No. 2

32--36

EN

Trade facilitation projects of UNCTAD abound in West Africa. However the implementation thereof has rested in the hands of private sponsored agencies working in the region .One of this includes Bordeless West Africa. Programmes has also been instituted to favour port to hinterland trade even though the implementation has been very poor. Proper implementation of trade facilitation programmes in the region thus require immense study of trade movements, supply chain analysis with a view to improving the logistics and transport components of the entire process. Given the above, it makes sense therefore to sensitize the human element components of the logistics sub sector who also are the drivers of the distribution networks in the region on trade facilitation best practices worldwide. With respect to the port sector, the subject of port regulation though new in Nigeria places emphasis on the knowledge sector. The role of the regulator here is to prevent the new oligopolistic ports from acts that reflects monopoly. In this perspective a study that will reduce the port operators monopolistic instincts becomes always necessary. In such a study the port operators will be made to present areas where they have actually adopted inclusiveness policies by outsourcing such activities as tug operations and similar contracts to local operators, in the presence of stakeholders. The other aspect of trade facilitation relative to ports has to do with the role of river ports on the facilitation of hinterland intermodal traffic flow. This aspect is currently referred to as regionalization. In this perspective the regulation of river ports when concessioned and desirable qualities that river port concessionaires should possess will come into play.

19

A review on the steel industry – Nigeria case study

Effiong Victoria Odokwo, Szpytko Janusz

Hutnik, Wiadomości Hutnicze

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2019

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Vol. 86, nr 12

364--369

EN

Seventeen (17) United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDG) aim to end poverty, protect the environment and ensure well-being for all people by 2030. Nigeria is the largest oil-exporting country in Africa and the 11th largest oil producer. The purpose of the article is to analyse the development opportunities of the Nigerian economy through the metal recycling subsector, while maintaining significant mineral deposits for the benefit of future generations. Involvement in the metal recycling sector and including this sector in the road map for the development of solid minerals will significantly contribute to achieving the SDGs.

PL

Siedemnaście (17) celów zrównoważonego rozwoju Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych (UNSDG) ma na celu położenie kresu ubóstwu, ochronę środowiska i zapewnienie wszystkim ludziom dobrobytu do roku 2030. Nigeria jest największym krajem eksportującym ropę w Afryce i jedenastym pod względem wielkości producentem ropy naftowej. Celem artykułu jest analiza możliwości rozwoju gospodarki Nigerii poprzez podsektor recyklingu metali, przy jednoczesnym znacznym zachowaniu stałych złóż mineralnych z korzyścią dla przyszłych pokoleń. Zaangażowanie w sektor recyklingu metali i włączenie tego sektora do mapy drogowej rozwoju minerałów stałych znacznie przyczyni się do osiągnięcia celów zrównoważonego rozwoju (SDG).

20

Quantification of historical drought conditions over different climatic zones of Nigeria

Ogunjo Samuel, Ife-Adediran Oluwatobi, Owoola Eunice, Fuwape Ibiyinka

Acta Geophysica

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2019

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Vol. 67, no. 3

879--889

EN

The impact of extreme climate such as drought and flooding on agriculture, tourism, migration and peace in Nigeria is immense. There is the need to study the trend and statistics for better planning, preparation and adaptation. In this study, the statistical and temporal variation of climatic indices Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) was computed for eighteen (18) stations covering four climatic zones (Sahel, Midland, Guinea Savannah and Coastal) of tropical Nigeria. Precipitation, minimum and maximum temperature from 1980 to 2010 obtained from the archives of the Nigerian Meteorological Services were used to compute both the SPI and SPEI indices at 1-, 3- 6- and 12-month timescales. The temporal variation of drought indices showed that droughts were more prominent at 6- and 12-month timescales. SPI and SPEI were found to be better correlated at longer timescales than short timescales. Predominant small, positive and significant trend across the region suggest an increasing trend due to climate change.