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1

Rozwój energetyki w Meksyku

Gierlotka Stefan

Wiadomości Elektrotechniczne

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2022

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R. 90, nr 4

29--30

PL

Zachowane w Meksyku monumentalne budowle, a zwłaszcza piramid, zachwycają swą architekturą i zachowują tajemniczość. W artykule oprócz zachowanej dawnej architektury opisano gospodarkę kraju oraz rozwój energetyki. Opisano rodzaje użytkowanych elektrowni oraz stosowany system przesyłowy.

EN

The monumental buildings preserved in Mexico, especially the pyramids, delight with their architecture and keep their mystery. In addition to the old architecture, the article describes the country’s economy and the development of the energy sector. The types of power plants in use and the transmission system used are described.

2

The climate change related adaptation and resilience of traditionalt tradicional dwellings: the case of Yucatan Penisula

Audefroy Joel, Cabrera Sánchez Bertha Nelly

Ochrona Dziedzictwa Kulturowego

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2021

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Nr 12

79--96

EN

Mexico has been affected by extreme events such as storms, hurricanes, floods, and wildfires in the past ten years. In this paper, we will attempt to respond to the following questions: What are the climate change effects on the architectural heritage of Maya housing, and what are the adaptation and resilience practices of Maya housing and its environment. Maya houses have major climate variability adaptation potential. The building of a Maya home is conducted without architects, but with the intensive labor required for the planning, organization, technology and systematic knowledge of the climate on the part of the various artisans involved. These efforts, which we can observe to this day, implied invention, innovation and adaptation, as well as the oral transmission of knowledge for locating and orienting the home, preparing the terrain, seeking out and preparing construction materials, the actual work of building the house and conducting the related construction rituals. There exist various forms of adaptation, among them the form, design, materials and technology used. Here we review the housing’s adaptation and resilience to floods, and both water management and control. The principal objective of this text is to evaluate the adaptative and resilient processes of Maya housing to the effects of climate change, considering the principal criteria / indicators that might affect the habitat’s internal environment, its constructive structure, the materials and the inhabitant’s comfort, but without changing the Maya house’s basic design patterns.

PL

W ciągu ostatnich dziesięciu lat Meksyk został dotknięty przez klęski żywiołowe, takie jak burze, huragany, powodzie i pożary. W niniejszym artykule postaramy się odpowiedzieć na następujące pytania: jakie są skutki zmian klimatycznych dla dziedzictwa architektonicznego domów Majów oraz jakie są praktyki adaptacyjne i odpornościowe domów Majów i ich otoczenia? Domy Majów mają duży potencjał adaptacji do zmienności klimatu. Budowa domu Majów odbywa się bez udziału architektów, ale przez intensywną pracę wymaganą do planowania, organizacji, technologii i systematycznej wiedzy o klimacie ze strony różnych zaangażowanych rzemieślników. Te wysiłki, które możemy obserwować do dziś, wiązały się z inwencją, innowacją i adaptacją, a także z ustnym przekazem wiedzy na temat lokalizacji i orientacji domu, przygotowania terenu, poszukiwania i przygotowania materiałów budowlanych, samej pracy nad budową domu i przeprowadzania związanych z nią rytuałów budowlanych. Istnieją różne formy adaptacji, a wśród nich forma, konstrukcja, materiały i technologia. W tym artykule dokonujemy przeglądu adaptacji i odporności budynków mieszkalnych na powodzie, a także badamy gospodarkę wodną i jej kontrolę. Głównym celem tego artykułu jest ocena procesów adaptacyjnych i odporności budynków mieszkalnych Majów na skutki zmian klimatycznych, z uwzględnieniem głównych kryteriów/wskaźników, które mogą mieć wpływ na środowisko wewnętrzne budynku, jego strukturę konstrukcyjną, materiały i komfort mieszkańców, ale bez zmiany podstawowych wzorców projektowych domów Majów.

3

Transformacja energetyczna w Meksyku

Czarnecki Łukasz

Energetyka

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2020

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nr 6

289--291

PL

Przypadek Meksyku, a zwłaszcza wdrożenie nowych instytucji w sektorze regulacji energetyki, to bardzo nowoczesne, głębokie zmiany w sferze publicznej. Ustanowiono nowe prawo, jak Ustawa o transformacji energetycznej, której celem jest uregulowanie zrównoważonego wykorzystania energii oraz zobowiązań dotyczących czystych energii i ograniczenia emisji zanieczyszczeń z przemysłu elektrycznego, przy zachowaniu konkurencyjności sektorów produkcyjnych. Kontrola krajowego systemu elektroenergetycznego i publicznej usługi dystrybucji energii elektrycznej pozostaje wyłączną działalnością państwa. Utworzono nowe organy posiadające autonomię prawną: Krajową Komisję ds. Węglowodorów (Comisión Nacional de Hidrocarburos) i Komisję Regulacji Energetyki (Comisión Reguladora de Energía). W nowych ramach prawnych zmieniono prawo energetyczne umów, w których uczestniczą różne instytucje rządowe. W artykule omówiono szczegóły wprowadzonych zmian.

EN

In case of Mexico, we are dealing with very modern and deep changes in the public sphere like implementation of new institutions in the sector of energy regulation. New legislation was passed like Energy Transformation Act which aim is the regulation of sustainable use of energy and of obligations concerning clean energies and reduction of pollutants emission from electric industry while maintaining competitiveness of production sectors. The control of the national power system and the public electric energy distribution service remains as the exclusive domain of the state. There have been created new legacy bodies having legal autonomy: National Commission for Hydrocarbons (Comisión Nacional de Hidrocarburos) and Commission for Energy Regulation (Comisión Reguladora de Energía). On the basis of the new legal framework there were conducted changes in the energy law of contracts in which take part various government institutions. Discussed are the details of introduced changes.

4

Examination of seismo ionospheric anomalies before earthquakes of Mw ≥5.1 for the period 2008–2015 in Oaxaca, Mexico using GPS TEC

Melgarejo-Morales Angela, Vazquez-Becerra G. Esteban, Millan-Almaraz J. R., Pérez-Enríquez R., Martínez-Félix Carlos A., Gaxiola-Camacho J. Ramon

Acta Geophysica

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2020

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Vol. 68, no. 5

1229--1244

EN

Earthquakes are a major danger in a constantly growing society due to their imminent impact and power of destruction. Therefore, the idea of successfully forecasting an earthquake continues to motivate the multidisciplinary study of phenomena proposed as possible earthquake precursors such as ionospheric anomalies. In that sense, total electron content (TEC) has demonstrated to be an efcient parameter for investigating the state of the ionosphere by making use of the Global Positioning System receivers. In the present study, raw vertical TEC data obtained from the standard RINEX fles of the GPS constellation are used to examine the state of the ionosphere during the occurrence of light to moderate earthquakes in Mexico from years 2008 to 2015 with the aim of search for possible ionospheric anomalies related to seismic activity. In order to evaluate the impact at the geomagnetic and ionospheric environments, the Geomagnetic Equatorial Dst index, which is considered to have a great infuence on TEC during geomagnetic storm period, and solar activity parameters, have been considered. The results indicated that 17 (74%) of the studied events presented not quiet geomagnetic conditions for the days before the earthquake. Thus, the changes in VTEC are most likely related to geomagnetic anomalies which rules out its possible seismic origin. Contrariwise, 3 (13%) of the events presented geomagnetic anomalies the days after the earthquake. For the remaining 3 (13%) events, these presented particular characteristics, such as: not quiet geomagnetic condition for the earthquake day, geomagnetic anomalies throughout the period and the opposite.

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Hecho a mano czyli zrobione w Meksyku. Część 2

Łasisz Dorota, Łasisz Dorota, Łasisz Marek

Szkło i Ceramika

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2019

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R. 70, nr 1

28--29

6

Hecho a mano czyli zrobione w Meksyku. Cz. 3

Łasisz Dorota, Łasisz Dorota, Łasisz Marek

Szkło i Ceramika

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2019

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R. 70, nr 3

36--37

7

Bajocian transgressive-regressive sequences of the Tecocoyunca Group, southern Mexico, with maximum flooding surfaces marked by Thalassinoides

Pieńkowski Grzegorz, Martini Michelangelo, Zepeda-Martínez Mildred

Geological Quarterly

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2019

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Vol. 63, No. 3

449--459

EN

Bajocian (Middle Jurassic) transgressive-regressive sequences (TRS), outcropping in the Rosario Nuevo Creek (Tezoatlán Basin, Tecocoyunca Group) in Oaxaca State, Mexico, represent one of the Jurassic phases of opening and widening of a trans-Pangaean marine corridor (called also the Hispanic Corridor) and show a retrogradational-progradational set of sedimentary successions with decipherable and diverse facies. Two TRSs have been distinguished. The lower one starts with fluvio-deltaic sandstones including pedogenic horizons. Drowning of the deltaic plain and gradual rising of the water table is marked by change in vegetation: from large trees to low-rise vegetation with characteristic clumps of dense roots cemented by siderite. The delta plain succession is topped by a thin coal seam, followed by a transgressive surface. Ensuing laminated mudstones of restricted marine origin pass into open marine deposits, represented by bioturbated heterolithic strata with ammonites followed by nearshore sandstones, deposited in a storm-dominated basin. A similar succession, although without the deltaic part, is repeated in the next TRS. Of note are two thin (15-20 cm) continuous beds with Thalassinoides isp. networks, present within open marine deposits. Although large Thalassinoides networks are mostly known from shallow-marine and coastal environments, the case from Mexico represents less common occurrences from a deeper marine (offshore) setting, associated with maximum flooding surfaces, sediment starvation and firmgrounds (Glossifungites ichnofacies). Occurrences of Thalassinoides meshes, precisely marking maximum flooding surfaces, are helpful in defining the hierarchy of sequence stratigraphic cycles.

8

Gigantyczny kolektor w Meksyku gotowy : 62 km drążono przez ponad 10 lat

Januszek Magdalena

Geoinżynieria : drogi, mosty, tunele

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2019

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nr 2

82--83

PL

Meksyk, stolica Meksyku, to jedna z najludniejszych światowych metropolii, licząca ponad 20 mln mieszkańców. Codziennie generowane są tam olbrzymie ilości odpadów i nieczystości. Sieć kanalizacyjna odbiera hektolitry ścieków bytowych i przemysłowych, jednak miasto trzeba też chronić przed efektami deszczy nawalnych dzięki systemowi podziemnych kanałów i tuneli gromadzących i odprowadzających deszczówkę.

9

Mural jako forma plastyczna w przestrzeni architektonicznej i urbanistycznej Meksyku

Maluga Leszek

Architectus

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2019

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Nr 3 (59)

41--56

PL

Celem opracowania jest ukazanie roli murali w modyfikowaniu przestrzeni architektonicznej i urbanistycznej – modyfikowaniu pożądanym z punktu widzenia jakości kompozycyjno-plastycznej i estetycznej struktur przestrzennych. Uczyniono to na podstawie wybranych przykładów meksykańskich. W Meksyku mural ma tradycję sięgającą czasów sprzed podboju hiszpańskiego. Był obecny w architekturze okresu kolonialnego. W XX w. stał się dominującą dziedziną sztuk plastycznych silnie związaną z architekturą i przestrzenią miejską, a jednocześnie zaangażowaną w przemiany społeczne w kraju. Analiza przykładów z różnych okresów historycznych, ze szczególnym naciskiem na współczesne realizacje, pozwoliła ukazać relacje kompozycyjne i przestrzenne, które dotyczą takich zagadnień, jak geometria ściany, relacje muralu względem kontekstu przestrzennego (lokalizacja i skala przestrzenna), struktura kompozycyjna muralu, iluzja przestrzeni w obrazie oraz kompozycja barwna muralu. Zwrócono również uwagę na warstwę narracyjną muralu, która często ma istotny wpływ na decyzje dotyczące formy plastycznej obrazów. Wyniki badania pozwalają stwierdzić, że ten typ utworu malarskiego był od najdawniejszych czasów świadomie wykorzystywany do kreowania przestrzeni architektonicznej i urbanistycznej. Potwierdzają również tezę mówiącą o tym, że jakości plastyczne i estetyczne obrazów wpływają na relacje kompozycyjne i estetyczne w określonej sytuacji przestrzennej.

EN

The aim of the study is to show, on the basis of analyzes carried out, selected examples of Mexican murals and the role of this painting form in modifying architectural and urban space – modifying the compositional and visual and aesthetic spatial structures desirable from the point of view of quality. In Mexico, a mural has a tradition dating back to the times before the Spanish conquest. It was present in the architecture of the colonial period. In the 20th century, it became the dominant field of visual arts strongly associated with architecture and urban space, and at the same time involved in social changes in the country. The analysis of examples from various historical periods, with particular emphasis on contemporary realizations, allowed us to show compositional and spatial relations that refer to issues such as wall geometry, mural relation to spatial context (location and spatial scale), composition structure of the mural, illusion of space in the image, and colour composition of the mural. Attention was also paid to the narrative layer of murals, which often has a significant impact on the decisions regarding the visual form of the paintings. In the light of the research we can conclude that this type of painting work has been consciously used for the creation of architectural and urban space since the earliest times. Numerous studies also confirm the aforementioned thesis that the visual and aesthetic quality of the paintings affect the compositional and aesthetic relationships in a specific spatial situation.

10

Hecho a mano czyli zrobione w Meksyku, część 1

Łasisz D., Łasisz D., Łasisz M.

Szkło i Ceramika

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2018

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R. 69, nr 6

3--5

11

The Upper Campanian - lower Maastrichtian cephalopod fauna of Botellos, Nuevo León: a key to understand faunal turnover across the Campanian-Maastrichtian boundary in NE Mexico

Ifrim C., Lara de la Cerda J. E., Peña Ponce V. H., Stinnesbeck W.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2017

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Vol. 67, no. 1

145--162

EN

A new cephalopod collection from the Campanian-Maastrichtian boundary interval of NE Mexico, consisting of 1076 individuals assigned to 29 species and 22 genera is presented. This collection is a mix of ammonoids, one coleoid and one nautilid, which originate from at least three ammonoid biozones: The upper Campanian Exiteloceras jenneyi and Nostoceras (Nostoceras) hyatti zones, and the lower Maastrichtian Pachydiscus (Pachydiscus) neubergicus Zone. The age of the collection is thus middle late Campanian to late early Maastrichtian, and it closes a stratigraphic gap between faunas described formerly from this region. The specimens are nuclei collected from the desert pavement. The abundance of specimens allows for a comparison to other Campanian-Maastrichtian ammonoid records from Mexico, North America and Europe.

12

Pogłos w galerii SiC! BWA Wrocław, 17 grudnia 2015 r. – 30 stycznia 2016 r., Wrocław

Sokalska J., Kielan A.

Szkło i Ceramika

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2016

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R. 67, nr 1

45

13

Cenotes – lakes of the Yucatan Peninsula (Mexico)

Szeroczyńska K., Zawisza E.

Studia Quaternaria

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2015

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Vol. 32, Nr 1

53--57

EN

Cenote lakes are natural sinkholes or depressions resulting from the collapse of limestone bedrock exposing the groundwater underneath. Thousands of such lakes are particularly encountered on the Yucatan Peninsula (Mexico). These lakes were of great significance for the Maya culture as important religious places and primary source of drinking water. They permitted the survival of Mayan communities through dry periods known as “Maya drought”. Most of the cenote lakes are large open water pools measuring tens of meters in diameter. The majority of cenotes are smaller sheltered sites. Their waters are usually very clear and oligotrophic, originating from rain water filtering slowly through the ground. The authors visited and collected zooplankton samples from eight cenotes in November 2013, namely: Ik-Kil, Samula, Zaci, X-Kekn, Actum Ha, Cristal, Sian Ka’an, and Chan Chemuxil (transect Merida–Tulum– Cancun). The analysed lakes differ considerably in morphological terms, varying from very deep to shallow. Some of them are under human impact (tourists). The water samples were analysed for zooplankton content, but the phytoplankton frequently occurring was also taken into account. The obtained results are largely varied, indicated big eco- logical verity among cenotes which depended on lake age, localization and morphometry. As showed our study Cladocera zooplankton was very rare and only present at several sites. Between the fauna community Copepoda and Ostracoda species were the most abundant. Phytoplankton were present in all studied lakes and it sees that played the central role in those ecosystems.

14

Calpionellid biostratigraphy across the Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary in San José de Iturbide, Nuevo León, northeastern Mexico

López-Martínez R., Barragán R., Reháková D.

Geological Quarterly

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2015

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Vol. 59, No. 3

581--592

EN

Detailed bed-by-bed sampling on an outcrop of the La Casita and Taraises formations in northeastern Mexico (San José de Iturbide, Nuevo León State) allows the delimitation of the Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary. The Late Tithonian was determined by the presence of the Crassicollaria Zone (Colomi Subzone). Underlying subzones (Remanei and Brevis) were not identified due to the scarcity and poor preservation of calpionellids. The Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary was defined by the acme of the small and spherical form of the species Calpionella alpina Lorenz in sample IT-120. The Berriasian was divided into two zones and five subzones: the Calpionella Zone (Alpina, Ferasini and Elliptica subzones) and the Calpionellopsis Zone (Simplex and Oblonga subzones). The facies studied indicate that deposition during the Tithonian occurred in a toe of slope environment with occasional deep shelf incursions. Near the Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary, a sea level drop is recorded and the facies indicate a slope environment with the occurrence of a breccia level. A general deepening of the environments recorded within the frame of the Elliptica Subzone where the deposits pass into basinal facies

15

Z wizytą u Fridy Kahlo

Łasisz D., Łasisz D., Łasisz M.

Szkło i Ceramika

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2014

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R. 65, nr 3

36--37

16

Non-extensivity analysis of seismicity within four subduction regions in Mexico

Valverde-Esparza S., Ramirez-Rojas A., Flores-Marquez E., Telesca L.

Acta Geophysica

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2012

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Vol. 60, no. 3

833-845

EN

The non-extensivity approach based on the Tsallis entropy has been applied to seismicity that occurred from 1988 to 2010 along the Mexican South Pacific coast. We analyzed four different regions, characterized by different subduction patterns. Our results indicate a possible correlation between the non-extensive parameters and the seismicity pattern associated with the inclination angle of each subduction region.

17

Gully erosion control and carbon sequestration through filter dams in three different land uses

Andrade-Limas E., Espinosa-Ramírez M., Ruiz-Sinoga J. D., Romero-Díaz A.

Landform Analysis

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2011

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Vol. 17

87-89

EN

The object of this study was to compare and quantify carbon sequestration and erosion control in two type soil and three land uses. Direct measurements of sediment retained in dams with mesh and branches have been taken. In conclusion it may indicate that these dams are an efficient filter control on gully erosion, which is higher in cropland. The capture of organic carbon was higher in natural vegetation due to higher content of organic matter in soil.

18

The Upper Sinemurian ammonite succession in the Sierra Madre Oriental (Mexico)

Meister Ch., Blau J., Dommergues J-L., Schlatter R., Schmidt-Effing R.

Volumina Jurassica

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2009

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Vol. 7, no. 1

31-36

EN

In the Sierra Madre Oriental (Mexico), the biostratigraphic subdivision of the Upper Sinemurian can be refined. It has been possible to differentiate 11 horizons from the upper Obtusum Zone to the top of the Raricostatum Zone which are correlated with the NW European standard zonation. The index species of each horizon is figured.

19

Sinemurian ammonite succession from the Sierra Madre Oriental (Mexico)

Blau J., Meister Ch., Dommergues J-L., Schlatter R., Schmidt-Effing R.

Volumina Jurassica

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2006

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Vol. 4, no. 1

147-148

EN

In a series of studies (Blau et al. 2001, 2002, 2003; Meister et al. 2002, 2005) dedicated to Liassic (Sinemurian) ammonites of the Sierra Madre Oriental (Mexico), we have described 42 taxa, amongst them one new genus and five new species. After a critical analysis of Erben’s collection and with our own collections, we propose a synthetic succession of 13 correlable units “biohorizons”. Even though the Sinemurian sediments of the Huayacocotla Basin are very thick only two periods are well represented: the Bucklandi and Semicostatum zones for the Lower Sinemurian and the upper Obtusum and Raricostatum zones for the Upper Sinemurian. These two time intervals can be well correlated with South and North American biostratigraphic schemes. The Lower Sinemurian is characterized by the acme of Arnioceras a genus well distributed on the eastern Panthalassian rim. The Upper Sinemurian allows a much more refined biostratigraphic subdivision and more acute correlations. In the upper Obtusum Zone Euerbenites is an index fossil and can be correlated from Sonora to Peru. In the Raricostatum Zone several horizons allow acute correlation with South America (O. incaguasiense and P. tardecrescens horizons) and with North America (P. harbledownense and P. rothpletzi horizons). Mainly in the Upper Sinemurian there is quite strong endemism of the ammonite fauna in the Huayacocotla Basin (nearly 40%) which may be due to a quite isolated palaeogeographical position of the basin. On the other hand the affinities to Tethyan faunas are obvious. There is little palaeontologic evidence for a Sinemurian connection between Eastern Pacific (Panthalassa) and Western Tethys through the Hispanic Corridor. First palaeontological evidence indicates a possible connection not before the Pliensbachian. If this connection was not established in the Sinemurian, we must imagine other migration ways to explain the Tethyan affinities. There are at least four possibilities or combinations of migration routes: southern peri-Pangean, peri-Asiatic, latudinal trans-Panthalassian, and Boreal (Viking Corridor, Arctic seas). All these migration routes remain hypothetical and the establishment of the Hispanic Corridor already in the Sinemurian cannot be ruled out completely.

20

Ontogeny in a macroconchiate Idoceras from Mexico: a key for interpreting suprageneric classification of genus Idoceras based on phenotype expression

Villasenor A., Oloriz F.

Volumina Jurassica

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2006

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Vol. 4, no. 1

245-247

EN

Genus Idoceras was created one hundred years ago by C. Burckhardt (1906). Mainly focused on "un grand nombre d'especes appartenant aux groupes de l'Ammonites planula Hehl, et de l’Ammonites balderus Oppel" collected from Kimmeridgian beds at Sierra de Mazapil (Zacatecas), Burckhardt did not give precise hypotheses about relationships with morphologically related taxa. Aside from comparisons with Middle Jurassic taxa (e.g., Parkinsonia) made by pioneer European ammonitologists, Burckhardt recognized that the European ammonites planula, balderus and related ones had been interpreted as related to Perisphinctes or Simoceras. In addition, he stated that both ventral sculpture and sutural pattern serve for separation from typical Perisphinctes. On the assumption that ventral sculpture is of subordinate value in the case-study, the following quotations taken from Burckhardt's definition of genus Idoceras are both of relevance and introductory for its updated interpretation at the suprageneric level: Coquille discoidale, generalement aplatie, peu renflee… La plupart des cotes se subdivide en deux branches secondaires souvent mal reliees…, quelques-unes resten simples; quelquefois aussi il y a des cotes tripartites, bidichotomes ou intercalees… avec l'age… les cotes ont la tendance a de se renfler faiblement pourtour de l'ombilic et sourtout au bord externe des tours, tandis qu'elles s'affaiblissent sur les flancs jusqu'a s'effacer. According to Burckhardt, Idoceras" identification involves: occurrence of loose coiling, common simple ribs, and the sutural pattern, all these being of use for easy distinction from typical simoceratids; difficulty for separation from some, unnamed groups of both perisphinctids and "simoceratids"; and the foreseeable inclusion of mainly Tethyan "simoceratids" in his new genus Idoceras. Together with inconclusive knowledge about the origin and phylogenetical relationships of Idoceras in the original description, its suprageneric interpretation has been controversial during the past century. Idoceras has been included in the subfamilies Idoceratinae and Ataxioceratinae, mainly included within the family Perisphinctidae. The inclusion of genus Idoceras in the polyphyletic Ataxioceratinae has been made taking Subnebrodites as synonym and, therefore, embracing Late Oxfordian ammonites of the planula group and related species. Restriction of Ataxioceratinae to embrace mainly the Kimmeridgian perisphinctids is widely accepted, and the appearance of its "key-innovation" (i.e., virgatotome ribbing, and related ones such as polygyrate, fascipartite) has been proposed to identify ataxioceratids from the Upper Oxfordian onward in the Upper Jurassic. Disassembling of a well-preserved, macroconchiate Idoceras showing the greatest size known, collected ex-situ from "Idoceras beds" in Sierra de Mazapil (Fig. 1), allows the precise description of the ontogenetical course in terms of sculpture and shell-type: from quasi-platycone to discocone shell; increasing relative compression and, therefore, from suboval to high-oval whorl-section; from moderately involute to involute shell; decreasing expression of narrow, shallow, oblique constrictions; from bifurcated, isocostate ribbing to increasing more or less complete ataxioceratoid and periumbilically reinforced ribs; and increasing shell smoothing from the end of the phragmocone. Thus, the combination of shell-type and ataxioceratoid ribbing, as well as stratigraphy (upper Lower Kimmeridgian), support the interpretation of genus Idoceras as belonging to Ataxioceratinae. The use of subfamily Idoceratinae is disfavored.