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1

Larger Benthic Foraminifera from Paleocene–Eocene carbonates, Eastern Tethys, Meghalaya NE India – their comparison with Western Tethys and palaeobiogeographical significance

Tewari Vinod Chandra

Geotourism / Geoturystyka

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2023

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nr 1-2 (72-73)

71--72

EN

India–Asia plate collision and uplift of the Himalaya took place during Paleocene–Eocene time (50 Ma). The extension of western Tethys Sea from Europe to Asian eastern Tethyan region has been correlated by assemblages of Larger Benthic Foraminifera (LBF). Global correlation and paleobiogeography of the eastern Meghalayan and western Tethyan Sea is discussed on the basis of SBZ of Paleocene– Eocene foraminifera assemblages (Fig. 1). Paleocene–Eocene Lakadong Limestone and Umlatodoh Limestone were deposited in shallow marine carbonate ramp depositional environment in Shillong Plateau, Meghalaya, NE India. The sedimentation basin is part of the Eastern Tethys and LBF and calcareous algae is the major carbonate facies. Coral reefs are not developed in these carbonates in contrast with the western Tethys limestones in Adriatic Platform and western European –Alpine region (Tewari et al., 2007).The LBF and algal assemblage in both the limestones is consistent with other parts of Eastern Tethys in Eastern India and Tibet (Hottinger, 1971; Scheibner & Speijer, 2008, Tewari et al., 2010). The latest Paleocene (Biozone SBZ4) miscellanids and ranikothalids are replaced by Early Eocene alveolinids and nummulitids, which dominates LBF assemblages in the western Tethyan realm at the P-E boundary (Scheibner & Speijer, 2008), Thanetian (SBZ4 Biozone) is equivalent to Tethyan platform stage II (Scheibner & Speijer, 2008). In standard biozones Ilerdian (SBZ5-SBZ6), a general reorganization in LBF communities is recorded with a long life and low reproductive potential (Hottinger, 1971). However, in the Meghalayan LBF assemblages of the lowest Eocene (biozones SBZ5/6) are still dominated by Ranikothalia and Miscellanea, while new LBFs that first emerged within this time interval elsewhere (e.g. Assilina, Alveolina and Discocyclina) are less important and Nummulites are absent. Later, in the Early Eocene there was a gradual diversification of Discocyclina and Assilina species (Fig. 1), while Ranikothalia disappeared and Miscellanea became less important by the end of the SBZ5/6 biozones. Similar LBF assemblages have been recorded in other parts of east Tethys in western India and Tibet (Scheibner & Speijer 2008; Tewari et al., 2010 and references therein). Such LBF assemblages in east Tethys thus differ from west Tethys. Palaeobiogeographical barriers must have existed between India and Eurasia during early collision of Indian Plate with Eurasia Plate around 50 Ma (Tewari et al., 2010 and references therein). These barriers prevented migration of certain LBF species of Nummulites and Alveolina between these two palaeogeographic regions. LBF dominated facies in the other basins of Meghalaya like Umlatodoh Limestone are well developed in low latitude. However, mixed coral-algal reefs and LBF facies were sparse in low-mid latitude carbonate environments (Adriatic Platform of Italy-Slovenia, Oman, Egypt, Libya, NW Somalia; Tewari et al., 2007, 2010; Scheibner & Speijer, 2008 and references therin). In contrast to west Tethys, corals are absent in Eastern Tethys (calcareous algae is present in SBZ3 and SBZ4 Biozone, Fig. 1) in the Meghalaya and other low-latitude eastern Tethys (Scheibner & Speijer, 2008). Carbonate ramp (shallow tidal flat ) carbonate environments were dominated by LBFs from Early to Late Paleocene (SBZ4, SBZ5, biozones; Fig. 1). It is interpreted that the collision of the Indian and Asian plates must have generated this difference in palaeobiodiversity by creating barriers, which prevented migration of certain LBFs (Nummulites) from west to east. Later, in the Early Eocene (SBZ6, SBZ7-SBZ8 biozones), recorded from younger Umlatodoh Limestone in the upper part gradually replaced by LBF dominated facies in the east, with highly diversified LBF species of Nummulites, Discocyclina, Discocylina jauhrii etc.), indicating stable shallow marine environmental conditions. Stable carbon and oxygen isotope analyses from Paleocene–Eocene Lakadong Limestone and Umlatodoh Limestone strongly supports a shallow marine carbonate platform deposition in Eastern Shallow Tethys, Meghalaya, India (Tewari et al., 2010)

2

Negative Shrinkage of Thin-walled Investment Brass Castings

Roy Soumyajit, Pramanick A. K., Datta P. K.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 23, iss. 1

17--24

EN

Dhokra or Dokra casting is a sophisticated cast metal craft tradition of the Indian subcontinent. It has been practiced by the countryfolk now since the Copper Age. It is a lost wax casting process in the hot clay mold. The technology is such sophisticated that it can produce up to 400 μm thin-walled hollow cast products with complicated and intricate shapes using Brass, Bronze, Copper, and other copper alloys. The investigation was for engraving Brass (2% lead) which is used by Dhokra artisans nowadays. In a field visit during dimensional analysis, one discrepancy was identified. The metal thicknesses of hollow castings are thicker than the thickness of the wax pattern. This cast metal dilation phenomenon is unusual. Shrinkage of metals compared to the pattern dimension is familiar in the casting world. The same abnormalities in the repeated investigation at different sites were observed. All the studies and experiments were organized to explain the reason hidden behind the phenomenon.

3

Corporate Entrepreneurship in the Pursuit of Sustainable Development: Creating a More Sustainable Future

Kumar Rajesh, Pathak Govind Swaroop

Problemy Ekorozwoju

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2022

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Vol. 17, nr 2

166--177

EN

In recent times, the world has faced environmental challenges like deforestation, Global warming, soil erosion, water pollution, air pollution, and water scarcity. In order to solve the stakeholder demands and challenges, business houses must find answers. Companies must incorporate sustainability into their operations and operate with an entrepreneurial attitude. Sustainably oriented business operations may help firms reduce negative environmental impacts while simultaneously creating shared benefits for themselves and society, called sustainable corporate entrepreneurship. Such entrepreneurial activity helps an organization to achieve sustainable development goals. This research analyses the importance of sustainable corporate entrepreneurship in attaining the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals in a developing country like India through a case study methodology. The study integrates several aspects of sustainable innovation concerning various areas of sustainable development goals. Further Implications, Limitations, and future research directions have been considered.

4

American Foreign Supplier Verification Program (FSVP) —Requirements, Benefits or Burdens for Indian Food Companies, and Difficulties in the Implementation®

Nair Surya S., Czarnecka-Skubina Ewa, Jakubowska-Gawlik Katarzyna, Trafiałek Joanna

Postępy Techniki Przetwórstwa Spożywczego

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2022

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nr 2

176--183

EN

Thepurpose of this article was topresent theAmerican Foreign Supplier Verification Program (FSVP). An importer of food is required to develop, maintain, and follow a Foreign Supplier Verification Program (FS VP) to ensure that eachfood product it imports meets FDA food safety standards. Specifically, an importer s FS VP must provide adequate assurances that: (a) the importer ’sforeign suppliers produce food with the same level of public health protection as those required by FDA for domestically produced food; and (b) the importer’s foreign suppliers produce food that is not adulterated or misbranded. The FSVP regulations apply to all FDA-regulated food imported or oflered for import into the United States.

PL

Celem artykułu było przedstawienie Amerykańskiego Programu Weryfikacji Dostawców Zagranicznych (FSVP). Importer żywności jest zobowiązany do opracowania, utrzymywania i przestrzegania Programu Weryfikacji Dostawców Zagranicznych (FSVP) w celu zapewnienia, że każda importowana żywność spełnia normy bezpieczeństwa żywności FDA. W szczególności FSVP importera musi zapewnić odpowiednie gwarancje, że: (a) zagraniczni dostawcy importera produkują żywność o takim samym poziomie ochrony zdrowia publicznego, jak wymagany przez FDA dla żywności produkowanej w kraju; oraz b) zagraniczni dostawcy importera produkują żywność, która nie jest zafałszowana ani błędnie oznakowana. Przepisy FSVP mają zastosowanie do całej żywności podlegającej przepisom FDA, importowanej lub oferowanej do importu do Stanów Zjednoczonych.

5

A study on impact of open innovation openness on the practices adopted by Indian Food Processing SMEs on Product Innovation Output

Sahdev Supriya Lamba, Singh Gurinder, Sharma C S, Chawla Mamta

Acta Innovations

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2022

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no. 44

45--63

EN

This study throws light on the outline of innovation taking place in Indian Food Processing SMEs with a special focus on open Innovation taking place in these SMEs and the exchange of information or knowledge taking place between inside-out and outside-in parties for the purpose of innovation. In addition, puts special focus on describing how SMEs’ product innovation output related with the effect of outside-in and inside-out exchange of knowledge and information. Further, it analyzes how expenditure on innovation and collaborating with outside parties can help in the predicting product innovation output of Indian Food Processing SMEs. The analysis was done with the help of Jamovi to find out regression between the dependent variable- “Product innovation output” & independent variables- “Extent of openness”, “Inhouse R& D expenditure”, “Purchase of R&D from outside sources”, “Acquiring knowledge from outside sources” and control variable- “Indian Food Processing SMEs”. And towards the end, it contains the summary of the survey done, which suggested that Indian Food Processing SMEs are proactively involved themselves in inside R&D in comparison to the outside R&D and buying or taking license from outside sources. Other than these activities, one more pointer came as a takeaway from the study, product innovation is performed more in comparison to process innovation by the Indian Food Processing SMEs.

6

Evaluating the variability in long-term rainfall over India with advanced statistical techniques

Ahmed Ishita Afreen, Salam Roquia, Naikoo Mohd Waseem, Rahman Atiqur, Praveen Bushra, Hoai Pham Ngoc, Pham Quoc Bao, Anh Duong Tran, Tri Doan Quang, Elkhrachy Ismail

Acta Geophysica

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2022

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Vol. 70, no 2

801--818

EN

Climate change has been a significant subject in recent years all around the world. Statistical analysis of climatic parameters such as rainfall can investigate the actual status of the atmosphere. As a result, this study aimed to look at the pattern of mean annual rainfall in India from 1901 to 2016, considering 34 meteorological subdivisions. The Mann–Kendall (MK) test, Modified Mann–Kendall (MMK) test, Bootstrapped MK (BMK) test, and Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA) were used to find trends in yearly rainfall time-series results. Rainfall forecasting was evaluated using detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). Because the research comprised 34 meteorological subdivisions, it may be challenging to convey the general climatic conditions of India in a nutshell. The MK, MMK, and BMK tests showed a significant (p < 0.01 to p < 0.1) negative trend in 9, 8, and 9 sub-divisions, respectively. According to the ITA, a negative trend was found in 17 sub-divisions, with 9 sub-divisions showing a significance level of 0.01 to 0.1. The ITA outperformed the other three trend test techniques. The results of DFA showed that 20 sub-divisions would decrease in future rainfall, suggesting that there was a link between past and future rainfall trends. Results show that highly negative or decreasing rainfall trends have been found in broad regions of India, which could be related to climate change, according to the results. ITA and DFA techniques to discover patterns in 34 sub-divisions across India have yet to be implemented. In developing management plans for sustainable water resource management in the face of climate change, this research is a valuable resource for climate scientists, water resource scientists, and government officials.

7

Effective information system and organisational efficiency

Rahiman Habeeb Ur, Nawaz Nishad, Kodikal Rashmi, Hariharasudan A.

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2021

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Vol. 24, No. 2

398--413

EN

The present study aims to identify the effectiveness of information systems on organizational efficiency in technical and operational perspectives in the various public and private sectors. The novelty of the research focuses on data security practices, perceived severity, response efficacy, perceived usefulness and perceived behavioral control on organisational effectiveness. The survey data is gathered from 200 professionals representing public and private sectors in India and MENA countries who broadly support these outcomes. The analysis of data was generated by applying an equation model and various descriptive statistical tools using AMOS and SPSS. The study results reveal that an effective information system with comprehensive information management avoids potential cyber-attacks and enhances the organisation’s performance. The study identified that repeated cyberattacks threaten the reputation of the business and its organizational operations. Therefore, creating effective awareness about risks and challenges on business operation among the workforce enhances the performance and efficiency of the organization. This empirical research has contributed significantly for organizations to emphasize suitable measures to incorporate effective information and risk mitigation plan to protect data and efficiency. The research outcome emphasized that training and awareness are mediating variables to enhance performance.

PL

Niniejsze badanie ma na celu określenie skuteczności systemów informatycznych w zakresie sprawności organizacyjnej w perspektywach technicznych i operacyjnych w różnych sektorach publicznym i prywatnym. Nowość badania koncentruje się na praktykach w zakresie bezpieczeństwa danych, postrzeganej dotkliwości, skuteczności reakcji, postrzeganej użyteczności i postrzeganej kontroli behawioralnej nad efektywnością organizacji. Dane ankietowe zostały zebrane od 200 specjalistów reprezentujących sektor publiczny i prywatny w Indiach i krajach MENA, którzy szeroko popierają te wyniki. Analiza danych została wygenerowana przez zastosowanie modelu równania i różnych opisowych narzędzi statystycznych przy użyciu AMOS i SPSS. Wyniki badania pokazują, że skuteczny system informacyjny z kompleksowym zarządzaniem informacją pozwala uniknąć potencjalnych cyberataków i poprawia wydajność organizacji. Badanie wykazało, że powtarzające się cyberataki zagrażają reputacji firmy i jej działaniom organizacyjnym. Dlatego budowanie wśród pracowników skutecznej świadomości na temat zagrożeń i wyzwań związanych z działalnością biznesową zwiększa wydajność i efektywność organizacji. To badanie empiryczne w znacznym stopniu przyczyniło się do podkreślenia przez organizacje odpowiednich środków w celu włączenia skutecznych informacji i planu łagodzenia ryzyka w celu ochrony danych i wydajności. Wyniki badań podkreślają, że szkolenie i świadomość są zmiennymi pośredniczącymi w zwiększaniu wydajności.

8

Geospatial Applicationsin Land Use/Land Cover Change Detection for Sustainable Regional Development:The Case of Central Haryana, India

Kumar Surender, Singh Ripudaman

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 15, no. 3

81--98

EN

Timely and accurate detection of land use/land cover (LULC) change is important for the macro and micro level sustainable development of any region. For this purpose, geospatial techniques are the best tool for change analysis as they supply timely, cheaper, precise and up to date information. This paper examines the spatial temporal change trend in LULC in the case of Central Haryana. Landsat 2, 3, 5, 7 and 8 images for the years 1975–2020 for pre and post monsoon periods were analyzed for the study. Radiometric correction was performed to derive better information. ArcGIS 10.2 and ENVI 5.3 are used for thematic layout and thematic change preparation. An unsupervised classification using ERDAS IMAGINE 2015 has also been done to classify study area in eight classes. The year 1975 is considered as the base year for change detection analysis. Results showed an increasing trend for the land use classes of built up, water body, and agricultural land without waterlogging in the pre and post monsoon periods between 1975 and 2020. Remaining land use classes of agriculture with waterlogging, open waterlogged area, vegetation and fallow land/sand dunes decreased during the same period. Increased human activities have changed the LULC in the region and have had a great impact on its sustainable regional development.

9

Factors contributing and promoting Open Innovation in Indian female-owned Food Processing SMEs - Prioritizing through the AHP technique

Sahdev Supriya Lamba, Singh Gurinder, Kaur Navleen

Acta Innovations

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2021

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no. 41

28--41

EN

The prime motivation behind this investigation is to recognize and organize the different factors connected to Open Innovation in the already up and running from last five years Indian female owned SMEs in Food Processing Industry. Fifteen Indian female owners were chosen. An AHP system was utilized to examine the weight of basic elements leading towards Open Innovation. All things considered, the respondents organized advancement technique, opportunity acknowledgment, money and inspiration as the principle criteria that leads to Open Innovation in Indian females owned SMEs in Food Processing. COVID-19, gender gap, raising inner and outer funds were likewise observed as a hindrance ladies face that usually would keep them away from innovative tasks performed for business. The result of this examination is giving policymakers in India food for thought regarding the significance of the factors connected to development of Indian female owned SMEs in Food Processing Industry and will be able to move towards sustainable development goals- Goal 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure) and Goal 5 (gender equality) which is required for the economic development of the country. This will assist them with systemizing and organizing the basic, advancement of open innovation factors in Indian female owned Food Processing SMEs, which will give a boost to the contribution of Indian females in the financial development of India, which a developing country currently.

10

Early Pliocene calcareous and siliceous microfossils of the Sawai Bay Formation, Car Nicobar Island, northern Indian Ocean

Chakraborty Arindam, Ghosh Amit K., Mccartney Kevin, Saxena Stuti, Dey Rikee, Roy Lopamudra

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2021

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Vol. 71, no. 2

175--198

EN

The present contribution provides a study of calcareous nannofossils and siliceous microfossils from the Sawai Bay Formation on Car Nicobar Island, northern Indian Ocean. Two stratigraphically short sediment intervals near Sawai Bay have been examined. Qualitative and quantitative microfossil analyses show the Sawai Bay ‘A’ Section to be devoid of siliceous microfossils, while 24 well-preserved calcareous nannofossil taxa are identified. The Sawai Bay ‘B’ Section yields 18 calcareous nannofossil, 33 radiolarian and 25 diatom taxa. The calcareous nannofossil index taxa (Ceratolithus armatus Müller, 1974a and C. cristatus Kamptner, 1950) indicate both sections to be from zones NN12 (CN10b) and NN13 (CN10c) of early Pliocene (Zanclean) age. The radiolarian taxa, i.e., Didymocyrtis avita Riedel, 1953, Euchitonia spp., Siphocampe lineata (Ehrenberg) Nigrini, 1977, Stichocorys peregrina Riedel, 1953, Semantis spp. and Stylochlamydium sp. are common in the Sawai Bay ‘B’ Section, which is assigned to Zone RN9. Most of the diatom taxa are represented by rep-resentatives of the genera Actinocyclus Ehrenberg, 1837, Azpeitia Peragallo in Tèmpere and Peragallo, 1912, Coscinodiscus Ehrenberg, 1839a, Grammatophora Ehrenberg, 1841 and Triceratium Ehrenberg, 1839b, with the benthic diatom species Triceratium favus Ehrenberg, 1839b being predominant (~35% of the total diatom count). Siliceous microfossils are also represented by silicoflagellates dominated by Dictyocha spp. and sponge spicules dominated by astrophorids.

11

Who Will Speak for the Water and the Wildlife Conservation? Solving the Problems of Sustainable Development through Cause-related Marketing

Singh Akansha, Pathak Govind Swaroop

Problemy Ekorozwoju

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2020

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Vol. 15, nr 2

83--71

EN

CRM is adopted by organizations as a viable business strategy to implement sustainability initiatives. The existing literature suggests the variations in the execution style of the CRM campaigns by various organizations. This study proposes Cause-related Marketing (CRM) as one of the novel approaches to combat various issues related to sustainable development. The present study is focused to understand the role of CRM in aiding private sector organizations to address the problems of sustainable development and thus support the ‘United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)’ in an Emerging Economy India. The study attempts to integrate the various areas of focus of the CRM campaigns, the sustainability dimensions focused and the various SDGs supported. Further implications, limitations and future research directions have been discussed.

PL

Marketing CRM jest przyjmowany przez organizacje jako realna strategia biznesowa do wdrażania zrównoważonego rozwoju. Istnieją jednak różnice w stylu realizacji kampanii CRM przez różne organizacje. W niniejszym artkule uznano marketing CRM za jedno z nowatorskich podejść do zrównoważonego rozwoju. Niniejsze badanie koncentruje się na zrozumieniu roli marketingu CRM w pomaganiu organizacjom sektora prywatnego rozwijającej się gospodarki Indii w rozwiązywaniu problemów związanych ze zrównoważonym rozwojem, a tym samym wspieraniu Celów zrównoważonego rozwoju Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych (SDG). W badaniu podjęto próbę integracji różnych obszarów zainteresowania kampanii CRM, wymiarów zrównoważonego rozwoju i powiązanych z nimi Celów zrównoważonego rozwoju. Omówiono dalsze implikacje, ograniczenia i przyszłe kierunki badań.

12

The Dnepropetrovsk Space Center: from ballistic missiles to international cooperation under the Interkosmos program

Gubka Olga, Savchuk Varfolomii

Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki

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2020

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T. 65, nr 3

29--58

EN

Interkosmos - the international space research program - is multilayered; it covers a variety of aspects: political, scientific, economic, propaganda, technical, etc. In the article, the authors provide insight into technical support for the Interkosmos program carried out at the Dnepropetrovsk Space and Rocket Center. The engineering background for the conversion of the Center-developed military rocketry for use in space exploration is studied. The authors, relying on the recollections of the participants, reveal the little-known aspects of the creation of a powerful satellite development facility at the Dnepropetrovsk Space and Rocket Center. The article brings into the foreground the importance of KB Yuzhnoye’s idea of developing a ‘unified spacecraft’, meaning a space platform where it was possible to install miscellaneous devices for pursuing a wide range of scientific issues. Using the example of Poland and India, some results obtained during launches of unmanned and manned spacecraft under the Interkosmos program are studied. The participation of the mentioned countries in the creation process of many scientific instruments for implementation of the Interkosmos program and the importance of this research and design direction are accentuated.

PL

Międzynarodowy projekt badań kosmicznych Interkosmos składał się z wielu elementów; w jego funkcjonowaniu można wyodrębnić różne aspekty: polityczny, naukowy, ekonomiczny, propagandowy, techniczny etc. W artykule autorzy przedstawiają techniczny wykład Dniepropietrowskiego Ośrodka Kosmiczno-Rakietowego w program Interkosmos. Artykuł omawia techniczne zagadnienia przekształcenia produkowanych w Ośrodku rakiet wojskowych do wykorzystania w eksploracji kosmosu. Autorzy, opierając się na wspomnieniach uczestników tych wydarzeń, opisują mało znane aspekty utworzenia prężnych zakładów produkujących satelity w Dniepropietrowskim Ośrodku Kosmiczno-Rakietowym. Artykuł podkreśla znaczenie rozwijanej w Biurze Projektowym Jużnoje idei stworzenia „zunifikowanego statku kosmicznego” - podstawy konstrukcyjnej, na której można by instalować różne instrumenty do rozwiązywania szerokiego wachlarza problemów badawczych. Na przykładzie Polski i Indii zostały przedstawione wyniki, które uzyskano podczas bezzałogowych i załogowych misji kosmicznych w ramach programu Interkosmos z zaznaczeniem udziału tych krajów w opracowaniu instrumentów naukowych służących programowi oraz znaczenie tego kierunku badań i rozwoju.

13

Reminiscencje z wyprawy mostowej do Indii

Stańczyk Andrzej

Drogownictwo

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2020

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nr 2

59--64, okł.

PL

Indie, kraj kontrastów, przeżywają boom budowlany. Powstają wysokie budynki, drogi i okazałe mosty, a także betonowe „lepianki” slumsów. Wrażenia z napotkanych obiektów mostowych, nowych lub jeszcze wznoszonych, są treścią niniejszego doniesienia.

EN

India, a country of contrasts, is experiencing a construction boom. Tall buildings, modern highways and magnificent bridges are being built, as are concrete shacks in slums. This article describes impressions born from observing new bridge structures, some recently completed and others still being built.

14

The impact of India’s economy on the development of seaports

Mindur Leszek

Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska

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2019

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z. 105

169--182

EN

India’s diversified economy includes traditional and modern agriculture, crafts, modern industries and a variety of services. In 2017, almost half (48.93%) of India’s GDP was generated by the service sector, whereas the industrial sector accounted for 26.16% and agriculture 15.45%. Despite a short-term economic downturn caused by a demonetisation and implementation of compulsory tax on goods and services, the continued favourable economic growth, including sustainable growth of the gross domestic product, revenue per capita, private consumption and public investment, as well as the improvement of other economic indicators, for example, car sales indicate that India’s macroeconomic conditions are generally stable. Structural reforms introduced by the government contribute to enhanced productivity among domestic businesses and attract more foreign direct investment. Due to its geographical location, India has been using sea transport to promote its international trade. However, with too few deep-sea ports and limited cargo handling capacity, its seaports can handle only some of the largest intercontinental ships. This article discusses India’s economic situation, with particular regard to the GDP growth in 2000-2017 and foreign trade. The analysis covers growth in cargo handling in main ports in India in 2000-2018. It discusses the port development project of Sagarmala introduced by the Government of India in 2015. The project is expected to solve problems associated with the performance of Indian ports and strengthen the Indian maritime sector to meet the ever-growing demand for goods transported by sea.

15

Palaeofloras from the Kota Formation, India: palaeodiversity and ecological implications

Chinnappa Chopparapu, Rajanikanth Annamraju, Kavali Pauline Sabina

Volumina Jurassica

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2019

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Vol. 17, no. 1

1--16

EN

The Kota Formation of the Pranhita-Godavari Basin is well known for its fossil fauna and flora especially for its silicified woods. However, the palaeoflora and its palaeoclimatic significance within the formation are poorly known. In spite of the fact that the formation yields a rich fauna and flora chronostratigraphic problems still exist. The present study aims to analyze the palaeofloras from the Kota Formation to understand their diversity and palaeoecological significance. We also describe a new species Agathoxylon kotaense belonging to the conifer family Araucariaceae. Our study shows that the flora was dominated by conifers and that it is comparable to that of the ?Late Jurassic – Lower Cretaceous Gangapur Formation, Pranhita-Godavari Basin and that of the Rajmahal Formation of the Rajmahal hills. The growth ring pattern and leaf fossil assemblage suggest that the growth conditions were seasonal, but mostly stressed.

16

Entrepreneurial core motivation as a success factor for rural entrepreneurship in Western India

Katekhaye Dhanashree, Meyer Natanya, Magda Robert

Polish Journal of Management Studies

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2019

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Vol. 19, No. 2

218--230

EN

Entrepreneurship development is increasingly being considered a potential contributor to economic growth and development as it opens various possibilities for rural people specifically regarding the creation of employment opportunities and the promotion of local markets and skills. India is categorised predominantly as an agricultural country with nearly 73 percent of the total Indian population living in rural areas. Consequently, agricultural entrepreneurial associated activities could be considered one of the main sources of rural income. This study attempts to investigate whether any significant differences exist between various owner demographic and business information groups specifically considering their entrepreneurial core motivation decisions. This research employed small medium entrepreneurship activities using 297 randomly selected registered entrepreneurs from the Vidarbha region. A simple random sampling technique was used for primary data collection. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics, MANOVA and ANOVA. Findings showed that in the case of rural entrepreneurs’ core motivations, significant differences were observed amongst the difference education and income groups. This implies that a rural entrepreneur’s level of income and education will have an influence on his or her core entrepreneurial motivation.

PL

Rozwój przedsiębiorczości jest coraz częściej uznawany za potencjalny czynnik wzrostu gospodarczego i rozwoju, ponieważ otwiera ludziom zamieszkałym na terenie wiejskim różne możliwości, zwłaszcza w zakresie tworzenia możliwości zatrudnienia oraz promocji lokalnych rynków i umiejętności. Indie klasyfikowane są głównie jako kraj rolniczy, prawie 73% całkowitej populacji Indii mieszka na obszarach wiejskich. W związku z tym działalność związaną z przedsiębiorczością rolną można uznać za jedno z głównych źródeł dochodu wiejskiego. W niniejszym badaniu podjęto próbę zbadania, czy istnieją znaczne różnice między różnymi grupami demograficznymi właścicieli i grupami biznesowymi, szczególnie biorąc pod uwagę ich kluczowe decyzje motywacyjne. W badaniu wykorzystano małe działania w zakresie średniej przedsiębiorczości z wykorzystaniem 297 losowo wybranych zarejestrowanych przedsiębiorców z regionu Vidarbha. Do pierwotnego gromadzenia danych wykorzystano prostą technikę losowego próbkowania. Zebrane dane analizowano za pomocą statystyki opisowej, MANOVA i ANOVA. Wyniki pokazały, że w przypadku głównych motywów przedsiębiorców wiejskich zaobserwowano znaczące różnice między różnymi grupami edukacyjnymi i dochodowymi. Oznacza to, że poziom dochodów i wykształcenia przedsiębiorcy wiejskiego będzie miał wpływ na jego motywację do przedsiębiorczości.

17

Characteristics of the Textile Industry of Two Asian Powers: China and India. Prospects for their Further Development on Global Markets

Antczak Anna, Greta Marianna, Kopeć Agata, Otto Jacek

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2019

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Vol. 27, no. 5 (137)

9--14

EN

The aim of this study is to characterise the textile industry of the two global giants in this field - China and India and to discuss the impact they exert on the global economy. For centuries the fibre and textile industry has played a key role for humanity. The study also draws attention to international arrangements for trade in textiles and its liberalisation. This allowed for further development of this branch of the economy and participation in the global market of developing countries.

PL

Celem artykułu była charakterystyka przemysłu tekstylnego światowych gigantów w tej dziedzinie – Chin i Indii oraz omówienie wpływu, który wywierają na światową gospodarkę. Włókiennictwo oraz przemysł tekstylny od wieków pełnił kluczową rolę dla ludzkości. Opracowanie zwraca również uwagę na międzynarodowe uzgodnienia dotyczące handlu tekstyliami oraz jego liberalizację. Pozwoliło to na dalszy rozwój tej gałęzi gospodarki oraz uczestnictwo w globalnym rynku krajów rozwijających się.

18

Rozszerzenie Szanghajskiej Organizacji Współpracy z perspektywy państw Azji Centralnej

Borys M.

Kwartalnik Bellona

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2018

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Nr 3

23--41

PL

W czerwcu 2017 roku Szanghajska Organizacja Współpracy (SzOW) powiększyła się o dwa nowe państwa: Indie i Pakistan. Był to ważny moment w funkcjonowaniu tej azjatyckiej organizacji bezpieczeństwa, pokazała ona bowiem zdolność do adaptowania się do nowych uwarunkowań geopolitycznych w regionie. Przyjęcie dwóch dużych krajów Azji Południowej do SzOW łączy się jednak z ryzykiem, że organizacja stanie się dysfunkcyjna, nowe państwa członkowskie od lat bowiem trwają w konflikcie. Uważa się, że trudno będzie pogodzić interesy Indii i Pakistanu w organizacji, a tarcia między nimi będą osłabiać jej spoistość. Nie wszystkie kraje Azji Centralnej są zadowolone z powiększenia SzOW o Indie i Pakistan - państwa posiadające broń nuklearną. Autor analizuje potencjalne korzyści i obawy państw Azji Centralnej w związku z rozszerzeniem SzOW. Mogą skorzystać na tym gospodarczo państwa poradzieckiej Azji Centralnej. Możliwa wydaje się też integracja gospodarcza Azji Centralnej z Azją Południową.

EN

In June 2017, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) admitted two new countries: India and Pakistan. This fact is an important moment in the functioning of this regional security organization in Asia, as it demonstrated its capability to adapt to the new geopolitical conditions in the region. The admission of two large South Asian countries to the SCO carries a risk with itself that the organization may become dysfunctional due to the inclusion of two countries being in ongoing conflict. It is argued that it will be difficult to reconcile the interests of India and Pakistan in SCO and the tensions between these two new member states might weaken the cohesion of the organization. Also, not all Central Asian countries are satisfied with the admission of India and Pakistan to the SCO, both countries having nuclear weapons. This article analyses the potential benefits and concerns of the Central Asian countries in relation to the enlargement of SCO. Due to the expansion of the organization, the countries of post-Soviet Central Asia may benefit from economic development. The economic integration of Central Asia with South Asia may occur.

19

A study on statutory provisions for construction safety in India

Sivaprakash P., Kanchana S.

Archives of Civil Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 64, nr 1

171--179

EN

There are about 8.5 million workers employed in the construction sector in India. Construction workers constitute a major portion of the unorganized labour and are characterized by their casual nature of employment, temporary relationship with the employer, prolonged and uncertain working hours, lack of safety and health measures, and inadequacy of basic amenities and welfare facilities. There are many legislation clauses providing safeguards for contract workers in India. Construction safety has been made legally enforceable after the enactment of The Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act in 1996 and the Central Rules in 1998. This paper details various statutory provisions for construction safety in India with specific reference to the BOCW Act, Central Rules, and State Rules.

PL

Pracownicy budowlani stanowią duży odsetek niezorganizowanej siły roboczej. W Indiach istnieje wiele przepisów prawnych zapewniających bezpieczeństwo pracownikom kontraktowym. Sektor budownictwa wiąże się z dużym zapotrzebowaniem na siłę roboczą i uwzględniając pośrednie miejsca pracy, zatrudnia ponad 35 milionów ludzi. Praktyki zarządzania zdrowiem i bezpieczeństwem w procesie budowlanym mogą być świadczone na różnych etapach zatrudnienia. Wysoce niezadowalający jest fakt, że wdrożenie przepisów dotyczących zdrowia i bezpieczeństwa w budownictwie nie przyniosło żadnej poprawy. W opracowaniu zostały omówione różne przepisy dotyczące bezpieczeństwa w budownictwie w Indiach. Wejście w życie przepisów dotyczących bezpieczeństwa w budownictwie znacznie przyczyni się do ochrony pracowników budowlanych przed zagrożeniami o charakterze zawodowym.

20

Inoceramids and associated ammonite faunas from the uppermost Turonian-lower Coniacian (Upper Cretaceous) of the Anaipadi-Saradamangalam region of the Cauvery Basin, south-east India

Walaszczyk I., Kennedy W. J., Paranjape A. R.

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2018

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Vol. 68, no. 4

663--687

EN

The lower (but not lowermost) part of the Upper Cretaceous Anaipadi Formation of the Trichinopoly Group in the area between Kulatur, Saradamangalam and Anaipadi, in the south-western part of the Cauvery Basin in southeast India yielded rich inoceramid and ammonite faunas. The ammonites: Mesopuzosia gaudama (Forbes, 1846), Damesites sugata (Forbes, 1846), Onitschoceras sp., Kossmaticeras (Kossmaticeras) theobald ianum (Stoliczka, 1865), Lewesiceras jimboi (Kossmat, 1898), Placenticeras kaffrarium Etheridge, 1904, and Pseudoxybeloceras (Schlueterella) sp., are characteristic of the Kossmaticeras theobaldianum Zone. The absence of Peroniceras (P.) dravidicum (Kossmat, 1895) indicates the presence of only lower part of this zone, referred to the nominative Kossmaticeras theobaldianum Subzone at the localities studied. The inoceramids present are Tethyoceramus madagascariensis (Heinz, 1933) and Cremnoceramus deformis erectus (Meek, 1877), recorded for the first time from the region. The latter dates the studied interval as early early Coniacian, and allows, for the first time, direct chronostratigraphic dating of the Tethyoceramus madagascariensis Zone, and consequently also of the Kossmaticeras theobaldianum Subzone. As inoceramids occur in the middle part of the ammonite-rich interval, the Kossmaticeras theobaldianum Subzone may be as old as latest Turonian and not younger than early early Coniacian. The base of the Coniacian lies in the lower, but not lowermost part of the Anaipadi Formation. Both inoceramids and ammonites represent taxa known from Madagascar and South Africa.