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ECDIS Limitations, Data Reliability, Alarm Management and Safety Settings Recommended for Passage Planning and Route Monitoring on VLCC Tankers

Rutkowski G.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2018

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Vol. 12, no. 3

483--490

EN

The purpose and scope of this paper is to describe the factors to consider when determining Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) limitation, data reliability, alarm management and ship’s safety parameter settings. For the optimum situational awareness, navigators must always recognize the level of display for objects presented when using ECDIS. The values for the safety depth and safety contour must be understood and entered to achieve a sensible and considered meaning and alarm settings. The navigators must remember that the display of underwater obstructions or isolated danger symbols can change according to the settings of this safety contour which also marks the division between navigable (safe) and non-navigable (unsafe) water. Improper management of the system may result in the anti-grounding alarms and other indications failing to activate as required for the safe conduct of the navigation. Consequently, it could give a false impression of safe waters around the vessel where some dangers may not be shown due to the limitations imposed by original chart scale. This paper recognizes the limitations of ECDIS display, the significance of appropriate safety settings as well as the alarm management recommended for passage planning & route monitoring on VLCC tankers.

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Clarification, Systematization and General Classification of Electronic Chart Systems and Electronic Navigational Charts Used in Marine Navigation. Part 1 - Electronic Chart Systems

Weintrit A.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2018

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Vol. 12, no. 3

471--482

EN

In the paper, the author attempts to isolate, clarify, systematize, and classify various types, models and kinds of electronic chart systems, operating nowadays on the shipping market, which are a perfect example of the use of GIS (Geographic Information System) technology in widely comprehended maritime and inland waterway applications, in particular tries to promote internationally standardized system ECDIS (Electronic Chart Display and Information System), its RCDS mode (Raster Chart Display System), as well as Warship ECDIS (WECDIS), and Inland ECDIS (I-ECDIS). In the paper the author presents the general classification of electronic chart systems taking into consideration the following criteria: international standards, certification by classification society, used data base, updating system and certification by maritime administration.

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Clarification, systematization and general classification of electronic chart systems and electronic navigational charts used in marine navigation. Part 2 - electronic navigational charts

Weintrit A.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2018

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Vol. 12, no. 4

769--780

EN

In the article the author attempts to isolate, clarify, systematize, and classify various types and kinds of electronic navigational charts used in electronic chart systems, their specificity, operational status, significance and role they play. In particular he tries to promote internationally standardized vector charts ENCs (Electronic Navigational Charts), and raster charts RNCs (Raster Navigational Chart), as well as military Digital Nautical Charts (DNCs), High Density Bathymetric ENCs (bENCs), Port ENCs (PENCs), Inland ENCs (I-ENCs), Three Dimensional Digital Nautical Charts (3DNCs) and others. He presents general classification of electronic charts data bases taking into account the following criteria: spatial dimension, data types (data format), official status, international standards, consistency, level of detail of bathymetry, data confidence (reliability, accuracy), navigational purpose, and indirectly also the compilation scale of the chart, size and arrangement of cells.

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Ship domain in open sea areas and restricted waters: an analysis of influence of the available maneuvering area

Wielgosz M.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2017

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Vol. 11, no. 1

99--104

EN

A ship domain is nowadays an important navigational safety assessment criterion. Its shape and size depend on many factors. The available maneuvering area seems to be one of the most important of them. This article examines the influence of the available manoeuvring area on the shape and size of ship domain in the open sea and restricted waters. The research was conducted using a simulation method. Expert navigators participated in simulations using the ECDIS system. The domains of ship passages in open sea area and restricted area have been compared.

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ECDIS possibilities for BWE adoption

Žuškin S., Brčić D., Valčić S.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2017

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Vol. 11, no. 3

477--482

EN

The Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS) development and implementation have been linked primarily to the safety of navigation. Further development allows the implementation from other aspects of navigation. This primarily pertains to the Harmful Aquatic Organisms and Pathogens (HAOP) from Ballast Water Exchange (BWE) and the use of ECDIS system for improving environmental protection. The paper contains an overview of important legal aspects of sea environment protection related to the Ballast Water Management (BWM) Convention on global as well as on local scale. Apart from enhancing the safety of navigation, integration of the proposed tool for sea environment protection in the ECDIS with onboard ballast water system can significantly contribute to sea and sea environment protection from harmful substances. In this paper, the architecture of such system is suggested. This approach also ensures a reduction of possible consequences on ecological incidents and human errors.

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Position Cross-Checking on ECDIS in View of International Regulations Requirements and OCIMF Recommendations

Legieć W.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2016

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Vol. 10, no. 1

105--113

EN

In this paper author suggest methods for position cross-checking on modern bridge equipped with ECDIS. Terrestrial navigation techniques in relation to newly implemented technology are adopted to fulfil international requirements and recommendations. Author proposes voyage recording procedures conforming to IMO requirements ready to be used as navigational procedures in Safety Management System. Vessel Inspection Questionnaire of Ship Inspection Report Programme is used to systematize the needs. Differences in approach between paper charts and ECDIS navigation are exposed and clarified serving as a guide for ships liable to undergo vetting inspection. Author shows both, advantages and weak points of various ECDIS features using as an example ECDIS manufactured by Japan Radio Company.

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Extended Framework for Usability Testing in e-Navigation Systems

Zalewski P., Muczyński B.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2016

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Vol. 10, no. 1

43--48

EN

The paper presents the framework of usability testing of ECDIS equipment based on the IMO’s Guidelines on Software Quality Assurance and Human-centred Design for e-Navigation. By incorporating the eye tracking techniques into the procedure it was possible to measure the visual attention distribution and the cognitive work-load. The presented method could be used to evaluate usability of every e-navigation system, which is necessary to ensure that the seafarers are able to successfully perform primary operations of systems upgraded with e-navigation functions, regardless of the type and specifications of the system and users’ knowledge and experience with the system. The initial results are presented and discussed as the study is still ongoing.

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Experimental Research with Neuroscience Tool in Maritime Education and Training (MET)

Papachristos D., Nikitakos N.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2016

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Vol. 10, no. 2

341--349

EN

The paper argues for the necessity to combine MMR methods (questionnaire, interview), gaze tracking as neuroscience tool and sentiment/opinion techniques for personal satisfaction analysis at the maritime and training education (MET) and proposes a practical research approach for this purpose. The purpose of this paper is to compare the results from gaze tracker (Face analysis tool) of three experiments & sentiment analysis of two experiments for satisfaction evaluation of the students-users’ (subjective) satisfaction of the maritime education via user interface evaluation of several types of educational software (i.e. engine simulator, ECDIS, MATLAB). The experimental procedure presented here is a primary effort to research the emotion analysis (satisfaction) of the users-students in MET. The gaze tracking & sentiment analysis methodology appears to be one sufficient as evaluation tool. Finally, the ultimate goal of this research is to find and test the critical factors that influence the educational practice and user’s satisfaction of MET modern educational tools (simulators, ECDIS etc.).

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ECDIS users genuine qualification in maritime industry great demand

Legieć W.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2016

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Vol. 10, no. 4

575--579

EN

In this paper author summarizes present maritime industry growing preference for highly qualified officers in the field of ECDIS operation. Current ECDIS training internationally recognised requirements are described including Manila amendments and Polish approach to the IMO Model course 1.27. Various forms of training available nowadays are presented within the paper. Advantages and disadvantages of each method are identified. Author outlines the necessity of improving ECDIS trainers’ competency.

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Conception of EGNOS Integrity Data Utilization in ENC Systems

Bilewski M., Zalewski P.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2016

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Vol. 10, no. 3

389--393

EN

The paper presents the processing of EGNOS integrity data received either directly from the satellite network or the Sisnet internet relay. Relationship between the individual frames in EGNOS messages has been described. Usefulness of these data was indicated by the three examples. In the first example data form EGNOS was used to compare integrity parameters and the calculated position error. In further examples the simulated position with error and calculated integrity parameters were implemented together. The results were presented in two ways: with use of dedicated program which presents only ship contours (the one not covering GNSS uncertainty and the one covering this uncertainty called Marine Vessel Protection Area) and as a layer in existing ECDIS.

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Introducing GIS to TransNav and its Extensive Maritime Application: An Innovative Tool for Intelligent Decision Making?

Baylon A. M., Santos E. M. R.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2013

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Vol. 7, no. 4

557--566

EN

This paper aims to introduce GIS, its definition, principle, application in any discipline particularly maritime, its process, data sets and features and its benefits to maritime and universities. Specifically, the paper intends to provide an overview of its wide applications in maritime including but not limited to marine transportation, marine environment, port management and operation, maritime education and training (MET) and maritime research. GIS simplest task is in mapping and visualization. But its most important function is in spatial analysis. Spatial analysis takes into account the location, geometry, topology, and relationships of geographic data, which lend itself to intelligent decision making. GIS is not just for researchers and students. GIS is especially useful for decision makers such as: managers, administrators, and directors of large and small projects. Scenarios are “seen” and analyzed even before events happen. To planners and decision makers, this is very important because they can assess the impact of events or scenario and may save a lot of time, effort, and money before implementing the actual project. An additional skill on GIS when learned or thought would certainly result to a technically competent maritime global workforce. The paper would provide ideas on possible areas for collaborations among TransNav member institutions for data sharing which may be processed and analyzed by a GIS specialist.