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1

Cost efficiency of administrative service in public higher education in Poland

Brzezicki Łukasz, Łącka Irena

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2022

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z. 156

81--98

EN

Purpose: The aim of the study is to determine changes in the cost efficiency of the administration of public higher education in Poland. Design/methodology/approach: The biennial cost Malmquist productivity index was used to study changes in cost efficiency of 58 public higher education institutions in 2014-2016. The results were presented for 6 groups of universities, according to the Ministry of Science and Higher Education in Poland classification. Findings: The research shows that out of 6 groups of institutions accepted for the study, 2 achieved an increase and 1 a decrease in the Malmquist cost index in both study periods. Changes in the Malmquist cost index in the analyzed period are small as the index ranged from 0.98 to 1.06. Both component overall efficiency change and cost-technical change contributed to the change in the Malmquist index level. Research limitations/implications: The main limitation of the study are the analysis of changes in cost efficiency only. Additionally, only public universities supervised by the ministry responsible for higher education were studied. Future research should include changes in allocative efficiency using the Malmquist index. In addition, a larger research sample should be considered, taking into account other public universities, including medical, arts, etc., and non-public universities. Practical implications: The considerations presented are relevant to public university authorities. The article indicates the need to assess cost effectiveness in evaluating the functioning of a higher education institution. This belongs to the responsibilities of management control in terms of effectiveness and efficiency of HEIs and spending of public funds. Information on the variation of cost efficiency between HEIs, assigned to 6 groups, may become a stimulus to conduct an assessment of this economic category in a given unit and strive to improve it. Originality/value: The added value of the article is the use for the first time of the cost Malmquist index to examine higher education. Also, the use of a modified version of the cost Malmquist index to estimate efficiency assuming variable returns-to-scale.

2

Challenges to Ukraine’s Innovative Development in a Digital Environment

Voronenko Iryna, Klymenko Nataliia, Nahorna Olena

Management and Production Engineering Review

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2022

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Vol. 13, No. 4

48--58

EN

The purpose of the paper is to analyze the positioning of Ukraine in the global indices of innovative development and competitiveness, to evaluate the indicators of innovation activity and, based on the outcomes of the research, to determine the place of Ukraine in the global innovation space. The dynamics of innovation activity on an international scale based on the consolidated indicators of the Global Innovation Index are presented. Ukraine’s position in it and progress in achieving goals to better understand the processes that stimulate or constrain innovation are determined. Econometric methods to generalize the positioning of Ukraine in the global innovation space and the DEA method to study the relative individual effectiveness of the innovation environment and innovation activities in Europe are used.

3

Input Use Efficiency in Operational and Maintenance Management of Small-Pumping Scale Irrigation Systems in Red River Delta, Vietnam

Dinh Dao Van, Nguyen Phong Tung, Tran Dat Van, Mukheibir Pierre, Ton Au Nu Hai

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 5

207--215

EN

In the Red River Delta (RRD) of Vietnam, small-pumping systems are one of main systems for paddy irrigation. It is imperative to analyze the operation and maintenance performance of irrigation systems by using the input factors when applying pricing mechanisms in the irrigation sector in Vietnam. In this study, based on the data of 48 irrigation systems managed by teams under irrigation companies, the non-parametric program, Data Envelopment Analysis, was used to measure the technical efficiency and scale efficiency for small-pumping scale irrigation systems in the Red River Delta. The seven input factors were the annual direct and indirect labor, materials, electricity, recurrent maintenance, overhead, and depreciation cost, and an output factor was the paddy areas irrigated by the systems. The results demonstrated that the average technical efficiency scores under constant returns to scale and variable returns to scale were 0.924 and 0.946, respectively. Thus, the wasted inputs were suggested to be 7.6% and 5.4% of the current input level, respectively. The average scale efficiency score was 0.977 and therefore, some 72.9% of the Decision-Making Units should adjust their input scales to achieve the efficiency in input factors.

4

Investigating the Efficiency of Combined Cycle Power Plants with the Data Envelopment Analysis Process (with an Emphasis on Air Pollution)

Sanjaranipour Noushin, Atabi Farideh, Momeni Mansour, Ghodousi Jamal, Lahijanian Akramolmolok

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 16, no. 2

111--125

EN

Performance management is one of the most significant strategies in promoting the efficiency of organizations and is highly sensitive. It is important to check the efficiency of combined cycle power plants because of their major contribution to power generation and air pollution. This study was conducted to evaluate the economic and environmental efficiency of Combined Cycle Power Plants (CCPPs). The inputs and outputs required to evaluate the performance of the power plants were determined according to expert opinions. Then, the 7-year statistics and information of the Qom, Neishabour, Shahid Rajaee, Yazd and Kerman power plants were collected as the desired CCPPs in Iran. The Window Data Envelopment Analysis (WDEA) method was used for evaluating the efficiency of the power plants. The 3-year window length showed that most of the power plants were efficient. Only the Rajaee, Neishabour and Yazd power plants were ineffective in some years. The mean efficiency of the power plants in the 4-year window length showed that the plants were efficient from 2008 to 2010.

5

Forecasting the confidence interval of efficiency in fuzzy DEA

Kafi Azarnoosh, Daneshian Behrouz, Rostamy-Malkhalifeh Mohsen

Operations Research and Decisions

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2021

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Vol. 31, No. 1

41--59

EN

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a well-known method that based on inputs and outputs calculates the efficiency of decision-making units (DMUs). Comparing the efficiency and ranking of DMUs in different periods lets the decision-makers prevent any loss in the productivity of units and improve the production planning. Despite the merits of DEA models, they are not able to forecast the efficiency of future periods with known input/output records of the DMUs. With this end in view, this study aims at proposing a forecasting algorithm with a 95% confidence interval to generate fuzzy data sets for future periods. Moreover, managers’ opinions are inserted in the proposed forecasting model. Equipped with the forecasted data sets and concerning the data sets from earlier periods, this model can rightly forecast the efficiency of the future periods. The proposed procedure also employs the simple geometric mean to discriminate between efficient units. Examples from a real case including 20 automobile firms show the applicability of the proposed algorithm.

6

Applying Data Envelopment Analysis Principle in Ordinal Multi Criteria Decision Analysis

Kress Moshe

Foundations of Computing and Decision Sciences

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2021

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Vol. 46, No. 2

147--157

EN

We consider a multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) problem where importance of criteria, and evaluations of alternatives with respect to the criteria, are expressed on a qualitative ordinal scale. Using the extreme-point principle of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), we develop a two-parameter method for obtaining overall ratings of the alternatives when preferences and evaluations are made on an ordinal scale. We assume no parametric setup other than the two parameters that reflect minimum intensities of discriminating among rank positions: one parameter for the alternatives’ ranking and one for the criteria ranking. These parameters are bounded by the ordinal input data, and they imply a universal tie among the alternatives when both parameters are selected to be zero. We describe the model, discuss its theoretical underpinning, and demonstrate its application.

7

A Holistic Approach to Polymeric Material Selection for Laser Beam Machining using Methods of DEA and TOPSIS

Roy Manish Kumar, Shivakoti Ishwer, Phipon Ruben, Sharma Ashis

Foundations of Computing and Decision Sciences

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2020

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Vol. 45, No. 4

339--357

EN

Laser Beam machining (LBM) nowadays finds a wide acceptance for cutting various materials and cutting of polymer sheets is no exception. Greater reliability of process coupled with superior quality of finished product makes LBM widely used for cutting polymeric materials. Earlier researchers investigated the carbon dioxide laser cutting to a few thermoplastic polymers in thickness varying from 2mm to 10mm. Here, an approach is being made for grading the suitability of polymeric materials and to answer the problem of selection for LBM cutting as per their weightages obtained by using multi-decision making (MCDM) approach. An attempt has also been made to validate the result thus obtained with the experimental results obtained by previous researchers. The analysis encompasses the use of non-parametric linear-programming method of data envelopment analysis (DEA) for process efficiency assessment combined with technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) for selection of polymer sheets, which is based on the closeness values. The results of this uniquely blended analysis reflect that for 3mm thick polymer sheet is polypropelene (PP) to be highly preferable over polyethylene (PE) and polycarbonate (PC). While it turns out to be that polycarbonate (PC) to be highly preferable to other two polymers for 5mm thick polymer sheets. Hence the present research analysis fits very good for the polymer sheets of 3mm thickness while it deviates a little bit for the 5mm sheets.

8

A data envelopment analysis based for evaluating efficiency of bus public routes

Asmael N. M., Waheed M. Q.

Archives of Civil Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 66, nr 4

303--323

EN

The public transport service is highly essential to meet the demand due to a rapidly growing population and mobility. Thus providing public service and improve its service becomes an urgent need in recent years. In Iraq, the Bus system represents the backbone in public transportation, which is based mainly on highway infrastructure. To meet the growing mobility needs, enhancing public service provided only by bus routes is essential. Measuring bus route performance represents one of the crucial transit research topics in the last recent years. The current study tries to investigate the urban public route's efficiency utilizing the "data envelopment analysis (DEA)" technique. To analyze route performance, DEA is using, and performance measures include route design, cost, service, operation, and comfort efficiency are selected and calculated for different routes. Efficiency and effectiveness are the output of this process. Bus company owners can also use the results of this study to improve their services, attract new customers, and better manage their resources.

9

Analysis of hybrid CSA-DEA method for fault detection of cracked structures

Sahu Sasmita, Kumar Priyadarshi Biplab, Parhi Dayal R.

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

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2019

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Vol. 57 nr 2

369--382

EN

Formation of damage in a structural element often causes failures which is not desirable at all by a maintenance team. Identification of location and severity of damage can aid in taking necessary steps to reduce catastrophic failures of structures. As a result, non-destructive methods of damage detection have gained popularity over the last few years. In this paper, a method of damage detection is proposed to identify the location and severity of damage by hybridising a clonal selection algorithm with a differential evolution algorithm. The inputs to the hybrid system are the relative values of the first three natural frequencies of the damaged structure, and the outputs are relative crack locations and relative crack depths. For training the hybrid system, the natural frequencies are found out using finite element analysis and experimental analysis for different crack locations and crack depths. The test results from the proposed hybrid method are compared with finite element analysis and experimental analysis for validation, and satisfactory outcomes have been observed.

10

Pomiar efektywności i (nie-)skuteczności pośredniej studiów w polskim publicznym szkolnictwie wyższym

Brzezicki Ł.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2018

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z. 132

97--117

PL

W artykule oszacowano efektywności studiów w 52 polskich szkołach wyższych w latach 2014-2015 za pomocą modelu hybrydowego (łączącego podejście radialne i nieradialne) z niepożądanymi efektami należącego do nieparametrycznej metody DEA. Dokonano również oceny skuteczności studiów w latach 2012-2015. Wyniki badania efektywności i nieskuteczności studiów przedstawiono dla poszczególnych 52 uczelni oraz pięciu grup szkolnictwa wyższego. Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie charakteryzowała się najwyższym poziomem ogólnej skuteczności studiów uwzględniając cykl 3-letni w latach 2012-2014 i 2013-2015. Natomiast uniwersytety były najskuteczniejsze spośród pięciu analizowanych grup szkolnictwa wyższego. Największy poziom nieskuteczności studiów odnotowano w przypadku grupy szkół rolniczych w latach 2012-2014 i technicznych w latach 2013-2015. W pełni efektywnych uczelni było 17 w 2014, a 15 w 2015 roku. Najlepszą relacją skuteczności do efektywności w latach 2014-2015 charakteryzowała się Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie, a najgorszą Politechnika Łódzka. Natomiast najlepszy stosunek efektywności do skuteczności odnotowano w uczelniach ekonomicznych, a najgorszy w rolniczych.

EN

The article estimates the efficiency of studies at 52 Polish universities in 2014-2015 using a hybrid model (combining a radial and non-radial approach) with undesirable effects belonging to the non-parametric DEA method. The efficiency of studies in the years 2012-2015 was also assessed. The results of the study of efficiency and ineffectiveness of studies were presented for individual 52 universities and five higher education groups. The Warsaw School of Economics was characterized by the highest level of overall efficiency of studies, including the 3-year cycle in 2012-2014 and 2013-2015. On the other hand, universities were the most effective among the five analysed higher education groups. The highest level of ineffectiveness of studies was recorded for the group of agricultural schools in 2012-2014 and technical schools in the years 2013-2015. The fully efficiency universities were 17 in 2014 and 15 in 2015. The best relation between efficiency and effectiveness in 2014-2015 was in Warsaw School of Economics and the worst in Lodz University of Technology. However, the best ratio of efficiency to effectiveness was noted in economic universities, and the worst in agricultural.

11

DEA jako metoda oceny technologii energetycznych – porównanie wybranych technologii

Grzesiak P., Kapłan R.

Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN

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2018

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nr 102

245--259

PL

Niniejsza publikacja przedstawia metodykę DEA jako narzędzie do oceny efektywności technologii energetycznych. W pierwszej części pracy ukazano podstawowe narzędzia wykorzystywane do oceny portfela projektów inwestycyjnych w przemyśle energetycznym. W dalszej części scharakteryzowano metody Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), czyli nieparametryczne procedury ustalania efektywności technologicznej badanych obiektów pod względem analizowanych czynników. W części praktycznej – wykorzystując analizę DEA – dokonano przykładowej oceny efektywności trzynastu technologii energetycznych, w tym technologii nadkrytycznego spalania węgla, zgazowania węgla połączonego z turbiną gazową oraz samodzielnego układu turbiny gazowej. Do analizy wykorzystano model nadefektywności nieradialnej z uwzględnieniem podziału na nakłady decyzyjne, niedecyzyjne oraz produkty pożądane i niepożądane. Dodatkowo przeprowadzona została analiza wyników dla przykładowej technologii. Zostały wytłumaczone możliwe sposoby interpretacji wyników końcowych z punktu widzenia obiektów efektywnych, jak i nieefektywnych. W tym drugim przypadku przedstawiono także kalkulację rozwiązania wzorcowego dla danej instalacji wraz z wnioskami co do skali działalności.

EN

This publication presents the DEA methodology as a tool for assessing the efficiency of energy technologies. The first part of the work presents the basic tools used to assess the portfolio of projects in the energy industry. In the next part, the methods of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), non-parametric procedures for determining the technological efficiency, were characterized. In the practical part – using the DEA analysis – an exemplary effectiveness assessment of the of thirteen energy technologies (including the supercritical combustion of coal, gasification of coal combined with a gas turbine and an independent gas turbine system) was made. The analysis was based on the non-radial super-efficiency model, including the division into dependent and non-dependent inputs as well as desirable and undesirable products. In addition, an analysis of the results for the sample technology was carried out. The possible ways of interpreting the final results from the point of view of effective and ineffective objects have been explained. The second one also presents the calculation of the model solution for a given installation together with the applications for the scale of production activity.

12

Assessing measures of energy efficiency improvement opportunities in the industry

Kluczek A.

LogForum

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2017

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Vol. 13, no. 1

29--38

EN

Background: Energy efficiency has recently become one of the key aspects in the manufacturing sector. The facilities should improve their performance due to the related economic costs and the significant environmental impacts. The objective of this paper is to prove that energy efficiency of opportunities for energy savings improvements provided by the energy auditors are efficient. These opportunities represent technical actions recommended in the U.S. industrial plants over time period 2013 to 2014. Moreover, these technologies are considered as efficient ones based on energy audits results. Therefore, only ten suggested recommendations are included in the analyses. Methods: The paper demonstrates a DEA- Slack Based Measurement approach to evaluate the energy efficiency of the recommended technical solutions. This study is built upon the results of energy audits carried out by the author with the Industrial Assessment Center`s experts at the University of Michigan. Results: The results confirms that seven audit`s energy-effective improvements are still efficient, compared with those of the DEA-SBM method outcomes. The paper reveals inefficiencies of three industrial plants, which were considered as efficient ones examined individually in energy audit procedure. Moreover, the results are enriched with the additional analysis of input excesses and output shortfalls. Conclusions: Based on the study of the recommended solutions in the U.S. industrial plants, more effective technologies (DMU2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10) are identified, along with the ranking of the recommended solutions used. The SBM model described in this paper allows a more accurate determination of which audit`s proposed technical improvements are energy efficient or not. Further work is required to develop a set of relative input and output variables as well as a way of variables selection using analytical methods which may make the measure more robust.

PL

Wstęp: Efektywność energetyczna stała się jednym z najważniejszych aspektów w sektorze wytwórczym. Zakłady przemysłowe stają przed koniecznością zmiany sposobu prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej w celu poprawy wydajności ekonomicznej i zminimalizowania negatywnego wpływu na środowisko. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest udowodnienie, że działania dotyczące poprawy efektywności energetycznej w procesach wytwórczych zaproponowane przez audytorów są efektywne energetycznie. Działania te stanowią rekomendowane przez audytorów usprawnienia technologiczne, wdrożone w amerykańskich zakładach przemysłowych w latach 2013 - 2014. Ponadto, usprawnienia te, uznane zostały za uzasadnione biznesowo pod względem kosztowo-energetycznym na podstawie wyników audytów energetycznych. W związku z tym, tylko dziesięć zaleceń poaudytowych zostało zaprezentowanych w niniejszej analizie. Metody: Artykuł prezentuje ocenę efektywności energetycznej usprawnień technologicznych poprzez zastosowanie modelu DEA-SBM w oparciu o przeprowadzone audyty energetyczne w ramach Industrial Assessment Center przy University of Michigan. Wyniki: Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że siedem z dziesięciu analizowanych usprawnień technologicznych działa w sposób efektywny, co zostało zweryfikowane przy użyciu metody DEA-SBM. Ponadto, wyniki zostały wzbogacone o analizę źródeł nadefektywności oraz nieefektywności badanych obiektów. Wnioski: W oparciu o powyższe badania dotyczące usprawnień technologicznych w amerykańskich zakładach przemysłowych, wyszczególniono siedem efektywnych energetycznie technologii (DMU2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10). To potwierdza, że usprawnienia zaproponowane podczas audytów energetycznych są nadal efektywne. Przedstawiony w artykule sposób pomiaru narzędzi realizacji poprawy efektywności energetycznej pozwoli na bardziej precyzyjne określenie czy rodzaj zaproponowanych usprawnień technologicznych jest efektywny energetycznie czy też nie. Dalszych prac wymaga opracowanie zestawu istotnych zmiennych wejściowych i wyjściowych oraz sposobu wyboru wskaźników przy pomocy metod analitycznych, co może przynieść bardziej wiarygodne wyniki.

13

Selection of an Optimal Network-Ranking Model to Achieve the Optimal Production Line Value Chain: a Case Study in the Textile Industry

Aboumasoudi A. S.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

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2017

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Vol. 25, no. 2 (122)

93--99

EN

Fulfilling needs and organisational resources with the least cost and highest quality is the main reason to achieve the optimal value chain. Application of most of the current techniques has merely been intended to choose the best scenario. However, industrial units need to build an ideal scenario as a value chain which focuses on intangible interstitial and hidden factors: good (good nature), bad (bad nature), fixed (obligatory nature) and free (not identifying their nature) and creates value. Therefore the model presented in this article answers this issue. First of all, we present a model based on the network approach of data envelopment analysis, then assess and rank the stages based on the scenarios for the stages forming the value chain, and finally the ideal decision unit is presented. For this reason, the general efficiency is designed with two natures; 1. input-centered (concentration on the costs) and 2. output-centered (concentration on the incomes).

PL

Głównym powodem tworzenia łańcucha wielkości jest zaspokojenie potrzeb i zasobów organizacyjnych przy jak najniższej cenie i najwyższej jakości. Zastosowanie większości obecnych technik miało jedynie na celu wybranie najlepszego scenariusza. Zakłady produkcyjne zmuszone są do budowania idealnego scenariusza, jako łańcucha wartości, który skupia się na wartościach niematerialnych i ukrytych: dobrych, złych, stałych (obowiązkowych) i wolnych (bez zidentyfikowanej natury). W pracy przedstawiono model oparty na wieloetapowej analizie danych.

14

Przykłady praktyczne zastosowania metod numerycznych w analizie trakcyjnego układu energetycznego

Bartłomiejczyk M.

Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej

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2016

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Nr 51

11--15

PL

Cechą charakterystyczną układu zasilania komunikacji trolejbusowej jest jego losowa natura spowodowana przez kongestię ruchu drogowego. Fakt ten predestynuje statystyczne i numeryczne metody dla celów analizy trakcyjnego układu zasilania. W artykule zaprezentowano 3 metody analizy trolejbusowego systemu energetycznego: symulację układu zasilania za pomocą metody Monte Carlo, analizę potencjału rekuperacji energii hamowania za pomocą statystycznej analizy danych oraz ocenę układu zasilania przy użyciu Wielokryterialnej Analizy Porównawczej - metody Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA).

EN

A characteristic feature of trolleybus transport is the random nature of traffic caused by congestion. It predestinates statistical and numerical methods for the analysis of trolleybus energy system. There are presented 3 methods of trolleybus traction system analysis: simulation of supply system based on Monte Carlo method, analysis of energy recovery potential based on statistical data analysis and benchmark of trolleybus supply system by one of Multiple Criteria Data Analysis - Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. Paper refers to the author's practical experience with exploitation, analysis and calculation of trolleybus energetic systems. The emphasis is put on practical aspect of application of numerical methods in engineers work.

15

Accounting the scale and synergies in the DEA-Analysis

Novikov V. A., Sapun O., Shipulina L.

LogForum

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2016

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Vol. 12, no. 2

123--128

EN

Background: The proposal is to non-linear performance into account in terms of synergy when conducting DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis). The solution to the problem is produced for interacting schools, which can be regarded as business clusters. The inputs and outputs are selected by importance on the basis of the author's opinion. However, the technique does not change when taking into account other factors that are expressed numerically. Methods: The proposal is to reduce the number of the inputs and outputs to one input and one output using weighting factors. Thus a solution can be found by linear programming. The D EA algorithm is easily coded in Mathcad. Results: As a result, we obtain a vector of the effectiveness of each element in the business cluster, including stand-effective and super-efficient elements. Conclusions: A model of DEA is proposed which takes into account the scale and synergies of the business cluster. This allows a performance rating against the collective interaction to be obtained.

PL

Wstęp: Poddano analizie metodę nieliniową dla synergii przy zastosowaniu metody DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis). Rozwiązanie zostało zrealizowane dla współpracujących szkół, które mogą być traktowane, jako klastery biznesowe. Dane wejściowe i wyjściowe zostały wyselekcjonowane według ważności (w opinii autora). Aczkolwiek należy zaznaczyć, że metoda postępowania nie zmienia się przy analizie innych czynników, mogących być przedstawione w formie liczbowej. Metody: Zaproponowano redukcję liczby danych wejściowych i wyjściowych przy zastosowaniu współczynnika wagi. Następnie poszukano rozwiązania przy użyciu programowaniu liniowego. Algorytm DEA może być z łatwością zaimplementowany przy użyciu MATCAD. Wyniki: Otrzymano wektor efektywności każdego elementu klastera biznesowego, łącznie z elementami o stałej i bardo dużej efektywności. Wnioski: zaproponowano model DAE, uwzględniający skalę oraz synergię klastera biznesowego. Umożliwia to uszeregowanie zachowań wobec zbiorowych interakcji.

16

Modele Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) wykorzystywane do oceny efektywności energochemicznego przetwórstwa węgla

Łebkowski P., Kwaśniewski K., Kopacz M., Grzesiak P., Kapłan R.

Polityka Energetyczna

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2015

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T. 18, z. 2

43--59

PL

Artykuł skupia się na problematyce związanej z oceną efektywności technologii energetycznych wykorzystujących paliwa kopalne. Zaprezentowano w nim metodę oceny opierającą się na modelach Data Envelopment Analysis, należącą do nieparametrycznych metod oceny efektywności. Modele DEA na przestrzeni ostatnich lat zyskały dużą popularność w szeroko rozumianym przemyśle energetycznym. Wraz ze wzrostem popularności rosną także ich możliwości. W ostatnich latach w literaturze światowej można było zaobserwować liczne artykuły poświęcone nowym modelom DEA opracowanym właśnie na potrzeby przemysłu energetycznego. Najbardziej zaawansowane metody, dedykowane ocenie energochemicznego przetwórstwa węgla, pozwalają kalkulować efektywność z punktu widzenia wielu nakładów energetycznych (węgiel, ropa, gaz itp.) oraz nieenergetycznych (koszty, nakłady, wielkość zatrudnienia itp.), przy jednoczesnym uwzględnieniu zarówno rezultatów pożądanych (moc, zyski itp.), jak i niepożądanych (gazy cieplarniane, ścieki, odpady itp.). Podejście takie pozwala na uzyskanie zunifikowanego współczynnika efektywności oraz wskazanie obiektów efektywnych względem ocenianej grupy. Oprócz wskazania obiektów efektywnych, modele DEA proponują także dla obiektów nieefektywnych technologię wzorcową, która stanowi zbiór najbliższych technologicznie obiektów efektywnych, na których powinna wzorować się dana jednostka. Informacje uzyskane z analizy pozwalają osobom odpowiedzialnym za kreowanie strategii danej jednostki na podjęcie optymalnych decyzji w celu poprawy efektywności. Niniejszy artykuł stanowi przegląd stosowanych modeli.

EN

The article focuses on the issue related to the efficiency assessment of the energy technologies using fossil fuels. It presents the evaluation method which is based on Data Envelopment Analysis models, belonging to non-parametric methods of efficiency evaluation. DEA models, in recent years, gained great popularity in the energy industry. With the increasing popularity, also grow their capabilities. In recent years, in world literature, could be seen a number of articles on the subject of new DEA models developed for the needs of the energy industry. The most advanced methods, dedicated to assessing the energy-chemical coal processing, allow to calculate the efficiency from the point of view of many energy (coal, oil, gas, etc.) and non-energy (costs, expenditures, employment, etc.) inputs, taking into account both the desired (power , profits, etc.) and adverse (greenhouse gases, sludge, waste, etc.) results. This approach allows for obtaining a unified efficiency ratio and an indication of efficient technologies in relation to assessed group. Apart from showing the efficient objects, DEA models also suggest for inefficient objects a reference technology, which is a collection of technologically nearest efficient objects, which should be taken as an exemplary model. Information obtained from the analysis allows responsible for the strategy creation managers for making optimal decisions in order to efficiency improvement. This article provides an overview of the applied models.

17

Data Envelopment Analysis as an instrument for measuring the efficiency of courts

Major W.

Operations Research and Decisions

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2015

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Vol. 25, No. 4

19--34

EN

The paper addresses the problem of measuring the efficiency of civil jurisdiction courts. Non-parametric data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been proposed as a measurement instrument. Hearing (settling) a case within a reasonable time, as seen from the perspective of a citizen, is defined to be a positive output (result) of a court action. The production factors considered include human resources directly related to legal processes. The analysis was carried out for the 26 Cracow district courts. The goal has been assumed to be achieving the best possible outputs, without increasing resources. The results obtained prove that there exist reserves within these organizations that would allow them to shorten the queue of pending cases. The proposed method of measuring efficiency may constitute a starting point for further work on trying to create measurable standards of the functioning of the judiciary in Poland.

18

Interdyscyplinarność i niestandardowe zastosowania wybranych nowoczesnych metod zarządzania w gospodarce w dorobku naukowym Profesora Joanicjusza Nazarko

Ejdys J., Ginevičius R., Halicka K., Ustinovičius L.

Ekonomia i Zarządzanie

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2014

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Vol. 6, no. 4

7--26

PL

Wyzwaniem dla nauki jest interdyscyplinarność, będąca częścią paradygmatu badawczego we wszystkich jej dziedzinach. Przejawia się ona w różnorodności podejmowanych zagadnień badawczych i stosowanych podejść badawczych, umiejętności dostrzegania problemów naukowych, uzasadnionych potrzebami gospodarczymi, jak i przekraczaniu granic pomiędzy dziedzinami nauk technicznych i społecznych oraz umiejętności identyfikowania problemów i poszukiwania rozwiązań z pogranicza dyscyplin naukowych. Wyraża się także w przełamywaniu stereotypowego sposobu myślenia w procesie rozwiązywania aktualnych i antycypowania przyszłych problemów. Dorobek naukowy Profesora Joanicjusza Nazarko jest przykładem właśnie tak szeroko rozumianej interdyscyplinarności w nauce. Artykuł, przygotowany z okazji 60 urodzin Profesora Joanicjusza Nazarko, został opracowany przez członków Rady Naukowej czasopisma „Ekonomia i Zarządzanie”, której przewodniczy Jubilat.

EN

Interdisciplinarity, which is a part of the research paradigm in all fields of science constitutes a real challenge in research. It manifests itself particularly in the diversity of the undertaken research topics, in the variety of the adopted research approaches (theoretical, methodological, normative, empirical-descriptive), and in the flexibility and the ability to see both the scientific problems as well as the economic and social needs. The ability to cross the boundaries between the fields of technical and social sciences, to identify problems and to seek solutions at the frontiers of scientific disciplines, the eagerness to work in research teams diverse in terms of competence, age, skills, creating conditions for both the personal development and that of individual team members, breaking the stereotypical ways of thinking in the process of solving problems and anticipating future events are all features of an academic culture nurtured by Professor Joanicjusz Nazarko. His profile, which is an extraordinary example of the successfully implemented interdisciplinarity principle in research and teaching, is presented in this article at the occasion of his 60th birthday. The paper highlights the research of Professor Joanicjusz Nazarko, presents a review of his extensive scientific work and lists some of his publications.

19

Benchmark of the traffic congestion in electrical transport by means of multi criteria decision analysis

Bartlomiejczyk M., Połom M., Styskala V.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

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2013

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R. 89, nr 11

248-252

EN

Congestion of the road traffic is an important aspect related to the issues of energy consumption in public transport. Due to the multiattribute nature, the expression of traffic congestion in a quantitative valueis difficult to achieve. The article presents a method of estimation of traffic congestion by means of a multiattribute decision analysis.

PL

Kongestia ruchu drogowego jest istotnym elementem związanym z zagadnieniami energochłonności transportu miejskiego. Ze względu na wieloatrybutowy charakter, wyrażenie kongestii ruchu drogowego w sposób ilościowy jest trudne do realizacji. W artykule przedstawiono sposób określenia kongestii ruchu drogowego za pomącą wieloatrybutowej analizy decyzyjnej.

20

SMEs' performance evaluation and optimization based on DEA and CFI

Shi Z., Takala J., Muhos M., Poikkimaki J., Chen Y.

Management and Production Engineering Review

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2013

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Vol. 4, No. 1

57-64

EN

It is a core content of enterprise performance research evaluating and comparing enterprise performance in dynamic environment. In allusion to this problem, a variety of enterprise performance assessment methods and indexes systems are proposed. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a kind of effective mathematical model which is used for comparing the performance among enterprises or different units inside an enterprise, based on the real-world data. Through comparing the performance, DEA can evaluate the enterprise performance from scale effectiveness and technological effectiveness, and then get the performance optimization goals. Critical Factor Index (CFI) is a new enterprise performance assessment method proposed in recent years. This method, based on the performance perception of business leaders or staffs, evaluates the enterprise performance in different dimensions, and then gets the optimization strategy of enterprise resource allocation to improve integrated enterprise performance. This paper has structured a new evaluation and optimization system for performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which combine properly the DEA and CFI method to evaluate and optimize the SMEs' performance comprehensively, and has confirm this system with data of 5 Finnish SMEs.