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1
Content available remote Ceramiczna Kolumbia. Część 2
2
Content available remote Ceramiczna Kolumbia. Część 1
EN
The composite terrane of Brunovistulia includes basement of the Upper Silesia Block, southern Poland. In its NE part, the basement is elevated by the Rzeszotary Horst. In the Rzeszotary 2 borehole (Rz2) drilled in the horst, partly migmatized amphibolites, felsic gneisses and granites occur. An Na-plagioclase-phengite-K-feldspar neosome contained zircons that yielded U-Pb SHRIMP ages ~2.75-2.6 Ga (cores and single grains) and ~2.0 Ga (rims and single grains). The older ages are interpreted as the time of origin of the igneous protolith of the migmatized amphibolites. The younger ages recorded metamorphism and migmatization that affected both the magmatic precursor of the amphibolites and accompanying felsic rocks during a contractional tectonic/orogenic event. Migmatization was greatly enhanced by an influx of alkali-bearing fluids which heralded intrusion of late-orogenic unfoliated K-granite in an extensional regime, terminating the 2.0 Ga event. It is proposed that the entire orogenic edifice, of which the Brunovistulian rocks drilled in Rz 2 are a small part, represents fragments of the Columbia Supercontinent that was assembled in the Paleoproterozoic and broken up in the Mesoproterozoic. In Ediacaran times, these fragments became eventually incorporated into the Cadomian orogen in the form of its foreland and contributed to the formation of the composite terrane of Brunovistulia. Such a scenario explains why the U-Pb zircon age spectra in the Rzeszotary terrain differ dramatically from those in the remainder of Brunovistulia, which is thought to be the Cadomian hinterland.
PL
W artykule scharakteryzowano system energetyczny Kolumbii - kraju bogatego w paliwa kopalniane i szmaragdy. Krótko przybliżono gospodarkę oraz położenie kraju. Omówiono wytwarzanie, dystrybucję oraz przesył energii elektrycznej Kolumbii, a całość bogato zilustrowano licznymi przykładami.
EN
The paper describes the power system of Colombia - a country rich in mine fuels and emeralds. The Colombia's Economy and county location is also shortly presented. Moreover the paper describes the generation, distribution and transmission of electricity in Colombia and many examples are illustrated themselves.
EN
The Colombian government introduced a capacity market in order to promote the diversification in the energy matrix and protect users from high prices derived from dry seasonal events. Unfortunately, the flaws in the scarcity price definition- a mechanism that activates the capacity market obligation and sets a cap price for the spot market- have led into a market failure. Specifically, some generation plants have been forced to be unavailable because their variable costs are significantly higher than the scarcity price. This paper presents a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the Colombian Electricity system, with a particular emphasis on the definition of the scarcity price. Results present lessons and recommendations for policy makers based on the experience of the Colombian Electricity Market, highlighting the need of a new definition of the scarcity price and a different focus on the energy planning scheme.
6
Content available remote Experience with PBSPro on a 4 x 512p Altix SuperCluster
EN
The Columbia project at NASA Ames includes twenty 512 processor Altix systems. Four of those systems are joined together into a Numalink based globally accessible non-coherent memory Altix SuperCluster. PBSPro 7.0 and 7.1 have been used to schedule and run work on this system. In this presentation, we will go over features of PBSPro especially applicable to such systems, some problems we have encountered and how they have been addressed, and remaining, unresolved issues.
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