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Comparative Study of the Accuracy of AIS and ARPA Indications. Part 1. Accuracy of the CPA Indications

Wawruch R.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2018

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Vol. 12, no. 3

439--443

EN

According to the IMO recommendation when the target data from radar tracking and AIS are both available and the association criteria are fulfilled such that the radar and AIS information are considered as for one physical target, then as a default condition in radar equipment should be automatically selected and displayed the AIS target symbol and the alphanumerical AIS target data only. The article presents research conducted in real sea conditions on the reliability of information presented by the ship's AIS and ARPA about the passing distance with the other vessel tracked by radar equipment and fitted with AIS.

2

Comaparative study of the accuracy of AIS and ARPA indications. Part 2. Accuracy of the opposite vessel true course and true speed indication

Wawruch R.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2018

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Vol. 12, no. 4

673--678

EN

The article presents analysis of the automatic radar plotting aid (ARPA) and automatic identification system (AIS) indications reliability performed on the base of the results of measurements conducted on merchant vessels at sea. In the first part of the article titled “Comparative study of the accuracy of AIS and ARPA indications. Part 1. Accuracy of the CPA indications” are described: vessels on which the tests were carried out, AIS and radar equipment installed on them, observed meeting situations and accuracy of the CPA indication. In this article are discussed, for the same meeting situations, accuracy of the information on true course and true speed of the opposite vessel presented by ARPA and AIS and correlation between this accuracies and errors of the CPA indication.

3

Ship domain model for multi-ship collision avoidance decision-making with COLREGs based on artificial potential field

Wang T.F., Yan X.P., Wang Y., Wu Q.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2017

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Vol. 11, no. 1

85--92

EN

A multi-ship collision avoidance decision-making and path planning formulation is studied in a distributed way. This paper proposes a complete set of solutions for multi-ship collision avoidance in intelligent navigation, by using a top-to-bottom organization to structure the system. The system is designed with two layers: the collision avoidance decision-making and the path planning. Under the general requirements of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs), the performance of distributed path planning decision-making for anti-collision is analyzed for both give-way and stand-on ships situations, including the emergency actions taken by the stand-on ship in case of the give-way ship’s fault of collision avoidance measures. The Artificial Potential Field method(APF) is used for the path planning in details. The developed APF method combined with the model of ship domain takes the target ships’ speed and course in-to account, so that it can judge the moving characteristics of obstacles more accurately. Simulation results indicate that the system proposed can work effectiveness.

4

Ship domain as a safety criterion in a precautionary area of traffic separation scheme

Pietrzykowski Z., Magaj J.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2017

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Vol. 11, no. 1

93--98

EN

The ship domain is one of the criteria for navigational safety assessment. It is particularly important in restricted areas with high intensity traffic, where the criteria of closest point of approach (CPA) and time to CPA are difficult to apply. This research continues to examine ship domains in Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS). We have analyzed precautionary areas established within TSSs in connection with changed arrangements of vessel traffic. Besides, we have defined ship domains in a precautionary area of a specific TSS, and compared them to domains of vessels proceeding along traffic lanes.

5

Evaluation method of collision risk by using true motion

Imazu H.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2017

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Vol. 11, no. 1

65--70

EN

It is necessary to develop a useful application to use big data like as AIS for safety and efficiency of ship operation. AIS is very useful system to collect targets information, but this information is not effective use yet. The evaluation method of collision risk is one of the cause disturb. Usually the collision risk of ship is evaluated by the value of the Closest Point of Approach (CPA) which is related to a relative motion. So, it becomes difficult to find out a safety pass in a congested water. Here, Line of Predicted Collision (LOPC) and Obstacle Zone by Target (OZT) for evaluation of collision risk are introduced, these values are related to a true motion and it became visible of dangerous place, so it will make easy to find out a safety pass in a congested water.

6

Manoeuvring to required approach parameters - CPA distance and time

Lenart A. S.

Annual of Navigation

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1999

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No. 1

99-108

EN

The predicted object CPA (Closest Point of Approach) distance DCPA and, to a lesser extent, the time interval to its occurrence TCPA are well established criteria for collision threat. They are approach parameters widely used as well in collision avoidance systems featuring computer - aided tracking (ARPAs) as in manual radar plots. The scope of this paper is aimed at the problem which although it can be and it is connected with collision avoidance manoeuvres, but it is rather reversed and can be applied for intentional approaches or in naval tactical manoeuvres - what own speed and/or course manoeuvre should be undertaken to achieve the required CPA distance and/or time?