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EN
Purpose: The paper's main objective is to fill the research gap by theoretically and empirically exploring current approaches to business process improvement issues. In particular, attention is paid to the internal factors of dynamic business process improvement. Design/methodology/approach: The article is based on the results of a quantitative survey conducted using the CAWI technique. Respondents to the survey were middle managers representing companies in various industries where process improvement is taking place. Conclusions were drawn from a sample of 444 companies. Findings: The research conducted here made it possible to investigate and clarify aspects of dynamic business process management. The main conclusions that emerge from the results of the study allow to indicate the main internal factors which play the most significant role in dynamic process improvement. Is important to state that organisations must have certain resources in order to be able to implement dynamic process changes. They must also have certain capabilities that allow these resources to produce the desired effects. Research limitations/implications: The study targeted the perspective of middle managers, which was a key factor in selecting respondents for the study. Future research could move in the direction of expanding the pool of respondents to include other levels of management. Qualitative research, and in particular the case study method, could also prove useful in developing the topic further. Practical implications: In line with dynamic capabilities, middle managers should be oriented towards identifying the individual factors determining the company's development, arriving at synthetic, current and reliable knowledge necessary for the decision-making process, and reacting quickly to changes occurring inside and outside the organisation. Originality/value: The subject of this article is the issue of dynamic business process improvement. This is a topic that has not yet been sufficiently researched. The presented research area is interesting from a cognitive point of view and the perspective of management practice. It is part of the current research on the effectiveness of business process execution and, by extent, the effectiveness of entire organisations. It responds to the current need to react quickly to unpredictable, rapid environmental changes, which corresponds to the metaparadigm of dynamic reality.
EN
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study how the Sars-Cov-19 pandemic has affected the processes and performance management of medium-sized outpatient clinics in Poland. Given the novelty of the studied area and lack of relevant literature, the case study approach has been employed. Design/methodology/approach: The case study was performed at CortenMedic, a medium 17 sized outpatient clinic located in Poland. We analyzed materials obtained from CortenMedic and interviewed its management board. Following an in-depth restructuring of processes, performance management, and business processes management governance, the CortenMedic adjusted to an environment and has taken advantage of opportunities. Findings: As a result, the CortenMedic recognized outstanding results superior to those before the Sars-Cov-19 period. This study shows that the business processes management and performance management should be dynamic and follow the changes identified inside and outside the companies. The changes through Sars-Cov-19 appear very quickly and are of temporary nature. We postulate the threat of the Sars-Cov-19 pandemic can be converted by the healthcare organizations into an opportunity. Research limitations/implications: Several limitations of our research must be acknowledged. Firstly, we shall note we based our study on only one organization located in Poland. Since we do not compare our results with other Polish and European clinics, obtained in this study results might not be generalizable. Practical implications: The increased role of BPM governance in the pandemic period, as compliance with processes, especially with work safety standards, become of utmost importance, posing a thrill of infection otherwise. In this sense, the postulates of this study might be applicable to other healthcare services providers. Additionally, the results of the paper can provide guidance to a decision-maker or management staff through improving the structure of primary and secondary processes depending on the needs and expectations of a dynamic environment. Social implications: The article’s findings may still offer astute insights to researchers and practitioners who wish to consider more information regarding the importance of the BPM and PM in the healthcare sector through the business process restructuring. Originality/value: The added value of the article is the answer to the question study how the Sars-Cov-19 pandemic has affected the BPM and performance management (PM) of medium 6 sized outpatient clinics in Poland.
EN
Purpose: The basic aim of the article was to recreate the service processes architecture in the selected financial and accounting shared services centre. Two auxiliary goals (CC) have been assigned to this goal. CC1: Approximation and definition of the current state of knowledge regarding process management on the example of SSC providing accounting and financial services. CC2: Characterization of inputs, outputs and goals for the identified activities in the main service processes in the studied SSC organization. Design/methodology/approach: The following research methods were used to achieve the stated goals: quantitative bibliometric analysis, systematic literature review, statistical methods (LOESS analysis), participant observation and unstructured interview. The R programming language was used in the analysis of time series in the theoretical study. Findings: As a result of the study, the main service processes in the examined organization were identified and recreated, and their goals, inputs, outputs and sets of implemented activities were determined. On this basis, a reproduced map of selected main processes is presented, taking into account the course of activities between them. This article supplements the knowledge on the issues of service processes management in an organization identified as SSC and can set the research framework for subsequent empirical proceedings regarding the examination of the level of maturity of selected processes, the level of implementation of process orientation in SSC, as well as attempting to use the generated event logs database for exploration of processes and comparing their course with reference models. Research limitations/implications: The limitations of the presented article result from the presentation of the example of one shared service centre in Poland and a limited group of respondents who, due to the data security policy in the examined organization, could take part in the study. This prevented, among others, detailed characterization of management processes and support processes related to administration, controlling, accounting, human resources and IT. Practical implications: The results presented in this article have an application value related to the map of the main SSC service processes presented, which can be discounted both by the SSC management staff and process owners in the SSC design space, measurement of processes and identification of customer-supplier relations in external and internal terms. Originality/value: The article fills the cognitive gap related to the lack of reconstruction studies, using the observation and interview method, the structure of main and auxiliary service processes in SSC, which is the basis for further research in the field of formalization, exploration, measurement and management of identified processes.
EN
The main objective of the article was to present the results of the assessment of the process maturity of the shared services centre (SSC) from the perspective of four functional areas. The research problem was formulated in the form of questions (RQ). RQ1: What is the level of process maturity of the shared services centre? RQ2: What are the similarities and differences in the assessment of the implementation of elements of the process approach from the perspective of employees employed in various departments and in various positions? Empirical proceedings were carried out using such methods as: literature review and opinion poll performed using the CAWI technique. The study employs a multi-dimensional MMPM model of process maturity assessment adapted to the specifics of the sector under study. In the summary assessment of the level of maturity, average values obtained from all respondents were adopted. On this basis, it was assessed that the examined shared services centres were classified at the fourth level of process maturity, with clear signs of development towards the fifth level – the highest one. Of the three points in this article, the first characterizes the concept of process maturity and presents selected models for its assessment. The second point characterizes the studied organization, outlines the methodological framework of the conducted empirical proceedings and presents the structure of respondents. Then, detailed results of the completed research procedure were described. The summary presents a summary assessment of the level of maturity of the surveyed organizations, and indicates limitations resulting from the adopted research methodology, as well as further research directions.
EN
EPC models are currently among the leading standard business process modelling solutions. As long as the rules for creating flat EPC models are explicit and raise no significant doubts, when it comes to linking models of different types, the literature of the subject delivers diversified solutions. Four such alternative concepts that can be applied in this respect have been identified and described in this article. They have been used to link EPC models for four cases proposed. These cases differ as to the degree of complexity, and they represent different kinds of potential links between processes being modelled. Using the concepts in question with reference to the cases defined has made it possible to identify situations in which it is impossible to link models, or when it raises certain doubts. What has also been proposed is that one of the concepts identified in the paper can be modified in such a manner that using it to link EPC models does not pose any problem in any of the cases discussed.
6
Content available Micro- vs. Macro scope simulation in BPM modelling
EN
The business structure and process development in many modern companies is assisted by architectures, frameworks, and a new generation of computer systems with a broad representation of methods and tools of design and modelling, i.e. object-oriented, event-oriented, activity-oriented, process-oriented, agent-oriented, communication-oriented, behaviour-oriented, etc. are recommended. The aim of this paper is to compare micro- vs. macro scope modelling and to investigate the relevance of micro- and/or macro simulation in the context of business process management (BPM) modelling for organizational design/redesign. The BPM modelling features and some specific issues of simulation modelling are discussed. Combined with BPM modelling methodologies, these issues are used to drive a concept for development of an integrated methodology for BPM models’ building and simulation approach in organizational BPM design/redesign projects.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono problematykę analizy funkcjonowania usług elektronicznych administracji publicznej. Opisano przykład sposobu wykorzystania rejestrów systemowych potrzebnych do analizy procesów związanych z realizacją e-usług. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na możliwości metody oraz dostępne narzędzia eksploracji procesów.
EN
This article presents the analysis of the problems in functioning electronic services of public administration. The article describes the possibility of using system logs to analyze the processes related to the implementation of e-services. Special attention in the article is paid to the possibility of process mining methods and tools.
PL
Celem tego artykułu jest dobór metod i narzędzi do modelowania procesów w zakresie gospodarki odpadami komunalnymi (GOK). Czynnikiem determinującym wybór kompleksowych i szczegółowych metod/notacji jest przede wszystkim złożoność procesów zidentyfikowanych w systemie GOK i duża liczba jego uczestników. Wiarygodna analiza procesów, zrozumienie celu modelowania i zbadania dostępnych na rynku metodologii umożliwia wybranie odpowiednich metod modelowania procesów. Wybór właściwego narzędzia informatycznego wydaje się być raczej podyktowany wygodą użytkownika i jego możliwościami finansowymi. Niniejszy artykuł zawiera syntetyczny opis pojawiających się w literaturze metod modelowania i odpowiednich narzędzi, ale także określa najlepsze podejście, w opinii autora, do modelowania procesów w wybranym obszarze.
EN
The aim of this article was the selection of methods and tools for modeling processes in the area of municipal waste management (MWM). Determining factor in the choice of comprehensive and detailed methods/notation is primarily the complexity of the processes identified in the system MWM and a large number of its participants. Reliable analysis of processes, understanding the purpose of modeling and study of available on the market methodologies allows to select appropriate methods for process modeling. Choosing the right IT tool seems to have rather a matter of convenience of the user and his financial capabilities. This article contains a synthetic description appearing in the literature modeling methods and corresponding tools, but also determines the best approach, in the author's opinion, to modeling the processes in the selected area.
EN
IT tools supporting the BPM approach developed rapidly in the last 10 years. Initially were available simple solutions for modeling and optimization of business processes. The next generation has offered business process implementation and monitoring in the real environment of the organization. Finally user requirements forced vendors to add a bit of “intelligence” to their applications and iBPMS entered on the market. The iBMPS market is still immature but some trends can be seen. The source for such analysis can be found in analytical reports provided by renowned research and advisory companies. In this paper was presented analysis of BPMS and iBMPS markets based on Gartner’s Magic Quadrant reports from years: 2009, 2010, 2012, 2014 and 2015.
10
EN
Mobile devices are steadily increasing their position in the field of new inventions, such as monitoring the work of the heart. The need for monitoring and control the patients’ health, especially the aspects related to normal cardiac function (measurement of rhythm), is one of the main directions in the field of ongoing research. Development direction, determined with the advancement of technology, is to find a way of linking the technique with medicine. In this article, the conducted of analysis covered the various algorithms used in the process to determining the value of BPM, providing the heart rate. The aim of the authors was to determine the possibility of their use in relation to a variety of mobile devices, such as tablets, smartphones, and also processors for embedded devices. This task consisted of the evaluation of the signal processing by each device. In further steps, based on the data collected, the authors analysed the possibility of using the specific devices to evaluate the ECG signal recording in real time. The summary of the study was to identify the effectiveness of the detection of BPM using various algorithms on designated devices.
PL
Mobilne urządzenia stale zwiększają swoją pozycję w zakresie tworzenia nowych wynalazków, m.in. do monitorowania pracy serca. Potrzeba monitorowania i kontroli stanu zdrowia pacjenta, a zwłaszcza aspektów związanych z prawidłową pracą serca (pomiarem jego rytmu) jest jednym z podstawowych kierunków w zakresie prowadzonych prac badawczych. Kierunkiem rozwoju wyznaczanym wraz z postępem technologii jest znalezienie drogi łączącej technikę z medycyną. Analizując te potrzeby, w ramach niniejszego artykułu poddano analizie różne typy algorytmów wykorzystywane w procesie wyznaczania wartości HR, świadczące o częstotliwości pracy serca. Celem autorów było określenie możliwości ich wykorzystania w odniesieniu do różnorodnych urządzeń mobilnych typu: tablet, smartfon, a także w procesorach urządzeń wbudowanych. Realizacja tego zadania polegała na ocenie czasu przetwarzania sygnału przez poszczególne urządzenia. Na dalszych etapach, w oparciu o zgromadzone dane, analizie poddano możliwość wykorzystania wybranych urządzeń w ocenie zapisu sygnału EKG w czasie rzeczywistym. Podsumowaniem przeprowadzonych badań było wskazanie skuteczności wykrywania HR, poprzez zastosowanie wybranych algorytmów, na wyznaczonych urządzeniach.
EN
Business process management in an enterprise is an approach to management that concentrates on optimizing the ways business processes in organisation’s run. The business process maturity of the organization is one of the success factors. From this perspective, the constant advancing the process maturity level is the relevant economic task and the area is still an important issue requiring investigation. The article presents the results of empirical research - the survey was conducted in 2015 on a group of 138 enterprises in Poland. The main aim of this article is the identification and analysis of business process maturity in small and medium-sized enterprises in Poland, as well as finding the areas that require the intensification of process management.
PL
Zarządzanie procesami biznesowymi w przedsiębiorstwie jest podejściem do zarządzania, które koncentruje się na optymalizacji sposobów, w jakich przebiegają procesy biznesowe w organizacji. Dojrzałość procesów biznesowych w organizacji jest jednym z czynników sukcesu. Z tego punktu widzenia ciągłe pogłębianie poziomu dojrzałości procesów jest istotnym zadaniem ekonomicznym i obszar ten jest nadal ważnym zagadnieniem wymagającym badania. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań empirycznych - badanie zostało przeprowadzone w 2015 roku na grupie 138 przedsiębiorstw w Polsce. Głównym celem niniejszego artykułu jest identyfikacja i analiza dojrzałości procesów biznesowych w małych i średnich przedsiębiorstwach w Polsce, jak również znalezienie obszarów, które wymagają intensyfikacji zarządzania procesami.
EN
This research paper presents an attempt to assess available IT tools supporting process management, namely Aris, Adonis, iGrafx and IBM BPM. It was indicated that the basic functionality of these tools is similar, but while using the same tools for modeling more complex cases there are substantial differences in the capabilities of description and simulation of economic processes.
EN
This paper describes the risks, challenges and outcomes associated with the adaptive approach to business process change and improvement within an organization. The article focuses on aspects related to supporting the company’s business operations (business processes) with information technology tools. This article explains that it is necessary to use Adaptive Case Management (ACM) systems instead of existing Business Process Management (BPM) solutions due to the fact that the latter are demonstrably inadequate in comparison to the more recent adaptive process management concept. The paper addresses the challenges and risks involved in business process optimization. The author argues that ACM is a better tool or approach for adaptive business process improvement, since it significantly reduces the risk inherent in business process improvement. The case studies provided in the paper serve to support this thesis.
14
Content available ECG signal analysis for detection BPM
EN
The methodology in this article is focused on the development intelligent algorithms in the area of biomedical engineering, or more precisely, on the biomedical signal. The purpose of these activities is generally counteraction to occurring the problem of diagnosing cardiac diseases based on the ECG signal. This paper proposes various algorithms to detect the BPM, which can be used for diagnosis of cardiovascular abnormalities. These algorithms detects the R-peaks in signal ECG and on their basis computes the BPM. Proposed solutions allow to select three algorithms to determine R-peaks. As part of this method have been used function of threshold, the derivative signal, and the slider window.
PL
Przedstawiona w pracy metodologia badawcza koncentruje się na rozwoju inteligentnych algorytmów w obszarze inżynierii biomedycznej, a ściślej w zakresie przetwarzania sygnałów biomedycznych. Celem realizowanych w pracy algorytmów jest ogólnie występujący problem diagnozowania chorób serca, w oparciu o zapis EKG. Niniejszy dokument prezentuje różnego rodzaju algorytmy wykrywające wartości HR, świadczące o częstotliwości pracy serca, które mogą stanowić oparcie dla lekarzy w diagnozowaniu zaburzeń sercowonaczyniowych. Analizowane algorytmy wykrywają załamki R z zapisu EKG, aby w dalszym etapie obliczyć HR. Proponowane przez autorów rozwiązania umożliwiają wybór jednej z trzech omówionych metod. W każdej z nich został zastosowany inny algorytm wyznaczania załamków R. Wprowadzono m.in. funkcję progu, wyznaczanie pochodnej sygnału oraz okno przesuwne.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono propozycję możliwość zastosowania sieci Petriego jako klasycznej metody opisu procesów organizacji dla analizy usług elektronicznych administracji publicznej. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na możliwości symulacji funkcjonowania wybranej usługi w konkretnej jednostce.
EN
The paper presents the possibility of using Petri nets as a classical method of describe organization processes in the analysis of e-Government services. Particular attention was paid to the possibility of simulating the operation of the selected service in a particular public administration unit.
16
EN
The Polish criminal procedure is strictly based on the Polish Constitution and complex legislation. It involves many steps, phases and stages and creates very complex processes that are composed of multiple sub-processes and activities. Nowadays, the participants of the Polish criminal procedure are provided with modern IT limitedly. Increase the effectiveness of criminal justice is possible via changes in both organizational and procedural way, as well as through the IT technologies supporting the processing of information at any stage of a criminal proceeding. We propose two-way analysis of the criminal procedure: modelling and simulation of the process similarly to Business Processes Modelling (BPM), which forms the basis for measuring and assessing an effectiveness, and optimization based on hybrid models and methods: GAN/GERT with queuing theory and optimization. The practical result of this work is the workflow system extended with the business process simulator.
17
Content available remote Determinanty skutecznego wdrożenia BPM w zakładzie opieki zdrowotnej
PL
Wdrożenie zarządzania BPM w zakładzie opieki zdrowotnej odbywa się poprzez przeprowadzenie zmian techniczno-organizacyjnych i społecznych. W kontekście tych zmian doskonalenie procesów w medycynie rozumiane jest jako zbiór działań o różnym stopniu innowacyjności. Zgodnie z ideą podejścia procesowego poprawa funkcjonowania następuje poprzez przechodzenie na kolejny poziom dojrzałości procesowej w modelu PDF. Poprawne przeprowadzenie etapów analizy, oceny i modernizacji procesów wymaga uwzględnienia faz dojrzałości procesowej. W artykule zawarto wskazówki metodyczne realizacji działań w tychże obszarach.
EN
Implementation of BPM in a healthcare institution is done by carrying out technical, organizational and social changes. In the context of these changes, improvement of processes in medicine is understood as a set of actions with varying degrees of innovation. In accordance with the idea of a process approach, improve the functioning is followed by transition to the next level of process maturity in the PDF model. Properly carrying out the stages of analysis, evaluation and process modernization requires using the phases of process maturity as references. The article includes methodical tips of implementation of activities in these areas.
PL
Omówiono w zarysie zasady modelowania górotworu techniką spoistych modeli cząstkowych (Bonded Particle Model - BPM), wchodzącą w zakres metod elementów odrębnych. Na modelu numerycznym o wymiarach 7,5x3,0x1,0 m, przedstawiającym w skali 1:1 przodkową partię chodnika drążonego w pokładzie węglowym, zbadano rozkład wskaźnika poślizgowego (SF), makroporowatości (p) oraz parcia poziomego (s11) - z uwzględnieniem przepływu metanu przez węgiel oraz przejawów działania ośrodka szybkiej desorpcji metanu (OSD) w głębi calizny węglowej. Zwrócono uwagę na wpływ cech węgla (głównie współczynnika tarcia wewnętrznego) na dynamikę wyrzutu. Podano literaturę dotyczącą omawianego zagadnienia.
EN
An outline of the principles of Bounded Partial Models (BPM) technique in a rockmass modelling was discussed, belonging to a range of methods of separate elements. On an digital model of dimensions 7,5x3,0x1,0 m, representing in 1:1 scale face part of the entry driven in a coal bed, the indices of slide (SF), macro-porosity (p) and horizontal pressure (s11) were examined - with a regard of methane flow through the coal, as well as the symptoms of operation of the medium of quick methane desorption (OSD) in the depth of coal solid. The attention was paid to an effect of coal parameters (mainly the coefficient of internal friction) on outburst dynamics. Literature related to discussed question was presented.
19
Content available remote New Continuum Formulations for Modelling of Fiber Reinforced Composites
EN
The composites reinforced by rigid particles improve considerably many properties of matrix materials, they poses higher stiffness, strength, better wear resistance, superior electrical properties. The fibers are supposed to be much stiffer than the matrix and their diameter can be much smaller than their length. On the other side the number of the reinforcing particles can be very high and they can be not uniformly distributed over the structure. From material structure point view the particles present inclusions. For of such problems the methods like (finite element methods) FEM and BEM (boundary element methods) are not very efficient. Computational time for FEM is huge for an accurate solution of the mechanical fields. BEM using distributed forces, dislocations and dipoles along the fiber axis (the source points) enable to model these effects much more efficiently. The intensity of the source functions simulates the interaction of the fiber with the other subjects. Because of very close distance of the source points to the fiber boundary and the quasi-singular form of the integrals, the integration is performed analytically in the fiber direction. In this paper we will present two new methods for modelling composites reinforced by fibers: First proposed method is called here the method of continuous source functions (MCSF) which use continuously distributed dipoles as source functions. The second method is Boundary point method (BPM). In this method all internal fields will be approximated by the Trefftz functions (T-functions).
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