Studies were done in winter 1996 in three ice-covered dimictic lakes of the Łęczna-Włodawa Lakeland, eastern Poland. They involved physico-chemical conditions (temperature, oxygen concentration, pH, conductivity and Secchi-disc transparency), as well as biological ones (abundance, chlorophyll a concentration and phytoplankton structure). The oxygenation of the near-bottom layers combined with the observed structure of the winter phytoplankton confirm the rate of eutrophication of these bodies of water which had already been observed in the summer.
Phytoplankton structure (abundance, taxonomical structure, species diversity) as well as physico-chemical factors (tem-perature, pH, electrolytic conductivity, oxygen concentration) were observed in a natural, shallow, small lake. The comparison of three zones within the studied lake showed distinct trophic differentiation. The biodiversity indices, which were used in this analysis, appeared to be useful in determining the lake functions.
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