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Rozwój przestrzenny miasta przemysłowego Le Creusot we Francji w świetle badań miejscowego ośrodka muzealnego (Ecomusee de la Communaute Le Creusot-Montceau-les-Mines)

Dumała K.

Kwartalnik Architektury i Urbanistyki

2004

T. 49, z. 1-4

12-22

Spatial development of a town of Le Creusot in France presents an interesting example of town creating preconditions governing urbanization processes which had taken place in Europe in the age of industrialization. At the end of the XVIII c., following inspiration of Louis XVI, a new, that time modern, iron mill was built near the town of Autun. The region had already well developed road and water transportation system. In 1836 Adolf and Eugen Schnerder brothers had bought, that time dilapidated plant, as well as neighboring coal and iron core mines, and established a new metallurgical company: Societe Schneider - Freres & Co. The company products included locomotives, sea vessel engines, and heavy weaponry. Such an industry demanded manpower, and consequently urged development of workers housing, and new investments in a variety of services. The town growth continued until 1940. During world war II the town, its industry, and infrastructure was destroyed bombed by allied air forces. Postwar reconstruction included comprehensive redevelopment of the town and its industrial plants. In 1970 a new institution has been established in Le Creusot - a research and museum center which collects, identifies, examines and makes conservation of items of which testify historic developments of technical culture of past ages, and its interweaving impact of spatial development of the town and region.