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Analysis of the Possibility of Heavy Metal Ions Removal from Aqueous Solutions on Fruit Pomace

Krasowska Małgorzata, Kowczyk-Sadowy Małgorzata, Szatyłowicz Ewa, Obidziński Sławomir

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 3

169--177

EN

Pomace from apples, grapes, blackcurrants, and oranges is a waste product of fruit processing, which is formed during the production of juices. Pomace is a rich source of biologically active compounds such as polyphenols, carotenoids, or vitamins. They also contain pectin, cellulose, lignin, proteins, and minerals. All these components, apart from having many beneficial properties for human health, also show sorption properties towards heavy metal ions. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the possibility of removing lead (II) and cadmium (II) ions from aqueous solutions by adding apple, grape, black currant, and orange pomace as well as to determine the adsorption efficiency of selected heavy metals. The studies were carried out in model systems. The results of the research showed that lead (II) and cadmium (II) ions are adsorbed on fruit pomace. The highest removal of cadmium (II) ions was observed in orange pomace and of lead (II) ions in apple pomace. The maximum tested cadmium ions absorption capacity was: 0.117235 mg/g in the case of freeze-dried apple pomace; 0.08618 mg/g in the case of freeze-dried currant pomace; 0.21915 m/g in the case of freeze-dried grape pomace and 0.29549 mg/g in the case of freeze-dried orange pomace. On the other hand, the maximum absorption of lead ions was: 0.457 mg/g in the case of freeze-dried apple pomace; 0.442 mg/g in the case of freeze-dried currant pomace; 0.3445 mg/g in the case of freeze-dried grape pomace and 0.421 mg/g in the case of freeze-dried orange pomace. On the basis of the performed measurements, it can be concluded that the tested waste can potentially be used as a cheap biosorbent for removing heavy metal ions from dilute aqueous solutions.

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Assessment of the possibility of using waste from agri-food processing for fertilization purposes

Krasowska Małgorzata, Kowczyk-Sadowy Małgorzata

Studia Quaternaria

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2022

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Vol. 39, Nr 1

41--47

EN

In order to assess the possibility of using waste from agri-food processing for fertilization, residues in the form of apple pomace, carrot root, onion husks and dried nettle were selected for the tests. The research material came from food plants located in north-eastern Poland. In selected waste, the pH value, dry matter content, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and carbon were determined. It was found that apple pomace, carrot root and onion husk were acidic and dried nettle was alkaline. The nitrogen content in the tested waste ranged from 0.61 to 2.29%, phosphorus from 0.07 to 0.55%, and potassium from 0.19 to 3.72%. Based on the results obtained, it was found that the examined post-production residues are characterized by good fertilizer properties. However, it should be remembered that fertilizers or soil improvers must meet a number of requirements and above all, they must be safe for the environment.

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Ocena zawartości azotanów w mięsie drobiowym poddanym obróbce termicznej

Bagińska Sylwia, Kowczyk-Sadowy Małgorzata, Piekut Jolanta, Krasowska Małgorzata, Obidziński Sławomir, Woroniecka Gabriela

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2022

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T. 101, nr 3

197--200

PL

W 10 próbkach mięsa drobiowego (świeżego, pieczonego, gotowanego lub liofilizowanego), pochodzących ze sklepów spożywczych oznaczono zawartość azotanów(III) i azotanów(V). Próbą referencyjną było mięso drobiowe z hodowli domowej. Najmniejszą zawartość azotanów(III) i azotanów(V) stwierdzono w mięsie pochodzącym z wiejskiej (własnej) hodowli drobiu. Suszenie sublimacyjne mięsa drobiowego powodowało utlenianie azotanów(III) do azotanów(V), a gotowanie i pieczenie redukcję azotanów(V) do azotanów(III). Ponadto w mięsie gotowanym stwierdzono istotnie mniejszą zawartość azotanów(III) niż w mięsie pieczonym. W próbkach mięsa gotowanego i pieczonego wykryto jedynie azotany(III), a w próbkach mięsa liofilizowanego wykryto tylko azotany(V).

EN

Nitrate(III) and nitrate(V) were detd. by ion chromatog. in 10 samples of com. poultry meat (fresh, roasted, cooked or freeze-dried). The reference sample was poultry meat from rural (own) breeding. The lowest content of nitrates(III) and nitrates(V) was found in meat from rural (own) poultry farming. Freeze-drying of meat caused the oxidn. of nitrates(III) to nitrates(V), whereas cooking and baking caused the redn. of nitrates(V) to nitrates(III). Moreover, the content of nitrates(III) in the cooked meat was significantly lower than in the roasted meat. Only nitrates(III) were detected in the cooked and roasted meat samples, and only nitrates(V) in the freeze-dried meat samples.

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Composting of stabilized municipal sewage sludge with residues from agri-food processing in Poland

Krasowska Małgorzata, Kowczyk-Sadowy Małgorzata, Obidziński Sławomir

Ekonomia i Środowisko

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2022

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nr 4

103--116

EN

Stabilized municipal sewage sludge and selected waste from agri-food processing can be used for agricultural purposes, which is part of the circular economy. Therefore, chosen residues were tested for the possibility of using them for fertilisation purposes. They were then subjected to the process of composting in a bioreactor with artificial aeration. The compost mixtures were prepared to take into account their contents of, among others, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and water; in the case of sewage sludge, the contents of biological contaminants and heavy metals were also determined. Based on the conducted studies, it has been found that organic waste from agri-food processing and stabilised municipal sewage sludge can be used in the composting process. At the same time, the obtained compost is characterised by good fertilising properties. Considering the physicochemical properties of the obtained compost, it was found that it can be a precious fertiliser used as a soil additive.

PL

Ustabilizowane komunalne osady ściekowe oraz wybrane odpady z przetwórstwa rolno-spożywczego mogą być wykorzystywane w celach rolniczych, co wpisuje się w zagadnienia gospodarki o obiegu zamkniętym. W związku z tym wybrane pozostałości zbadano pod kątem możliwości wykorzystania ich na cele nawozowe. Następnie poddano je procesowi kompostowania w bioreaktorze, ze sztucznym napowietrzaniem. Mieszanki kompostowe sporządzono biorąc pod uwagę zawartość w nich między innymi węgla, azotu, fosforu oraz wody, a w przypadku osadu ściekowego określono także zanieczyszczenia biologiczne i zawartość metali ciężkich. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono, że odpady organiczne z przetwórstwa rolno-spożywczego oraz ustabilizowane komunalne osady ściekowe mogą być wykorzystane w procesie kompostowania, a otrzymany kompost charakteryzował się dobrymi właściwościami nawozowymi. Biorąc pod uwagę właściwości fizykochemiczne otrzymanego kompostu stwierdzono, że może on stanowić bardzo cenny nawóz wykorzystywany jako dodatek do gleby.