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Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Silphium Perfoliatum L. for the Cultivation of Oil-Contaminated Soils

Lopushnyak Vasyl, Polutrenko Miroslava, Hrytsulyak Halyna, Plevinskis Pavlo, Tonkha Oksana, Pikovska Olena, Bykina Nina, Karabach Kateryna, Voloshin Yurii

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2022

Vol. 23, iss. 3

30--39

The article presents the results of research on the effectiveness of the use of crops of Silphium Perfoliatum L. for phytoremediation of soils in oil-contaminated areas. Silphium Perfoliatum L. is characterized by unique opportunities for productivity and longevity, can be cultivated in one place for many years. The aim of our work was investigating the rate of accumulation of heavy metals in the aboveground and root mass of Silphium Perfoliatum L. during the introduction of sewage sludge in oil-contaminated areas. The research was conducted in the Precarpathians of Ukraine in Ivano-Frankivsk region. The experimental field is slightly sod-podzolic sandy, there are several remnants of oil spills, the so-called oil slicks. The experiment included 8 options of fertilizing Silphium Perfoliatum L. In soils of contaminated areas determined content of total and mobile forms of metals and their content in the green mass and plant roots by methods according to ISO 4770.3 – GOST 4770.9, atomic adsorption methods in the lab of Ivano-Frankivsk State Institution branch "Soil Protection". The metal translocation coefficient in the system «soil-vegetative mass» and in the system «soil-root» increases in a number: Cd → Ni→ Cot → Pb. That is, the lowest translocation coefficient is in the lead. However, the difference is that in the system «soil-root» the coefficient of translocation is higher by 2–3%, from the translocation of metals in the system «soil – vegetative mass». The coefficient of biological accumulation of heavy metals by perforated sylph increase in a number of elements: Pb → Co → Ni → Cd.