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1

What forced the prehistoric cattle-keepers to emigrate from the Red Sea Mountains?

Bobrowski P., Jórdeczka M, Kobusiewicz M., Chłodnicki M, Kusiak J.

Studia Quaternaria

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2013

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Vol. 30, Nr 2

135--142

EN

Today's desert area of Red Sea Hills is now inhabited by a Beja-Bisharin tribe, the camel breeders. In prehistoric times, this area was inhabited or penetrated by pastoral communities engaged in cattle breeding. Their occupation is primarily marked by thousands of engravings with representations of long-horned cattle, which were discovered in a rock art gallery in Bir Nurayet, one of the largest rock art galleries in Africa and the whole world. We still do not know when the shepherds and their herds abandoned the area. This issue can be addressed by geoarchaeology and investigation of sediments discovered in Wadi Diib, i.e. silts. As we believe, they record climate and environmental changes taking place in recent millennia, which probably to a large extent determined the sociocultural processes in the area.

2

The final Pleistocene recolonisation of the northwestern Polish Plain

Kobusiewicz M.

Folia Quaternaria

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1999

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nr 70

197-210

EN

After 100,000 years long break the northwestern Polish Plain was recolonised at the end of the Pleistocene during the Bolling oscillation warming by human groups of Hamburgian Culture. Climatic conditions during the Older Dryas were too harsh for humans. The renewed wave of settlers, known as Backed Blades Technocomplex (Federmesser, Tarnovien) was possible only after the Allerod warming. At the end of this period some groups of the Bromme-Lyngby culture appeared in the discussed area. The following Younger Dryas was a realm of Svidero-Ahrensburgian Complex with characteristic tanged points of Svidry and Ahrensburg type. Some sites of this kind are dated to the very beginning of the Preboreal. Because the latitudinal valleys played the role of natural routes for communication, the area under discussion throughout all of the Final Pleistocene was culturally linked to the northwest European Plain.

3

An overview of the conference

Kobusiewicz M., Kozłowski J. K.

Folia Quaternaria

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1999

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nr 70

393-395