Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Zastąpienie gazu ziemnego RDF-em w systemach ciepłownictwa Ukrainy

Sigal Oleksandr, Pavliuk Nonna, Plashykhin Sergii

Energia i Recykling : gospodarka obiegu zamkniętego

|

2024

|

nr 6

PL

Przedsiębiorstwa ciepłownicze komunalne (TKE) zużywają do 20% gazu ziemnego w Ukrainie. Budowa nowych instalacji przetwarzania odpadów oraz elektrociepłowni na RDF ma na celu zwiększenie niezależności energetycznej Ukrainy. Współpraca z Polską w obszarze termicznego przekształcania odpadów może przyspieszyć wprowadzenie nowoczesnych technologii na ukraiński rynek.

2

Odpady komunalne a niezależność energetyczna

Pavliuk Nonna, Sigal Oleksandr

Energia i Recykling : gospodarka obiegu zamkniętego

|

2024

|

nr 1

PL

Dla Ukrainy szczególnie istotne jest bezpieczeństwo energetyczne, którego element stanowi niezależność energetyczna. Jednymi z głównych odbiorców gazu ziemnego w tym kraju są przedsiębiorstwa produkujące energię cieplną i świadczące usługi dostarczania ciepła systemowego dla mieszkańców, organizacji budżetowych i przedsiębiorstw komunalnych. Odpady komunalne można wykorzystać jako alternatywne paliwo znajdujące się w pobliżu zarówno producentów energii cieplnej, jak i odbiorców usług centralnego ogrzewania. Włączenie odpadów komunalnych i paliw z nich do bilansu energetycznego miast zwiększa ich niezależność energetyczną.

3

Race to carbon neutrality. prospects of phasing out coal

Sigal Oleksandr, Pavliuk Nonna

Architecture Civil Engineering Environment

|

2023

|

Vol. 16, no. 4

155--166

EN

Carbon neutrality is necessary to address the global problem of climate change. The International Energy Agency has recognized coal as the largest source of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. This article analyzes carbon dioxide emissions from coal and carbon dioxide emissions from energy for the major emitters of CO2 emissions. As more than half of the world's Carbon dioxide emissions from coal come from China, the authors have analyzed the extreme situation that could arise in the carbon reduction market if China were to postpone its commitments to reduce coal consumption. The article calculates the time frame required for other coal-consuming countries to phase out coal to compensate for China's annual coal consumption. It demonstrates that without China transitioning from coal consumption to zero-carbon energy sources, other countries will not be able to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. This proves that for the first time in history, the achievement of the goal set by the global community depends on the actions of a single country. The article outlines the goals set by China in its Nationally Determined Contribution and other government documents to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve carbon neutrality. It also presents China's efforts to implement renewable energy sources, nuclear reactors, and energy storage.

4

New approaches to comprehensive electrochemical processing of sulfate-chloride high-mineralized wastewater treatment residues

Shabliy Tetyana, Ivanenko Olena, Plashykhin Sergii, Pavliuk Nonna, Safiants Artem, Sidorov Dmytro

Architecture Civil Engineering Environment

|

2023

|

Vol. 16, no. 3

171--180

EN

The results of electrochemical processing of spent acidic, neutral, and alkaline sulfate-chloride-containing regenerative solutions in two- and three-chamber electrolyzers are presented. It has been determined that the highest current efficiency for the products of electrodialysis can be achieved in the presence of hardness ions when processing acidic sulfate-containing solutions using three-chamber electrolyzers. It has been established that during electrodialysis of alkaline solutions after regeneration of anionites containing chloride ions, accumulation of alkali occurs in the cathodic region, and in the anodic region, chloride ions accumulate due to diffusion through the anion exchange membrane during the first stage, followed by preferential oxidation of chloride ions with liberation of free chlorine during the second stage. It has been shown that electrodialysis can effectively solve the problem of comprehensive processing of neutral, alkaline, and acidic regenerative sulfate-chloride-containing solutions, with the production of alkali and acid at concentrations suitable for reuse in regeneration processes.

5

The use of residual municipal solid waste as an alternative fuel

Pavliuk Nonna, Sigal Oleksandr, Safiants Artem, Plashykhin Sergii

Architecture Civil Engineering Environment

|

2022

|

Vol. 15, no. 4

147--158

EN

The relevance of the work is determined by the war of the Russian Federation in Ukraine and the decision of the leading countries of the world, the EU and Ukraine to abandon energy dependence on energy from the Russian Federation. An analysis is provided of the main directions for reducing the European Union's dependence on Russian natural gas by a third by the end of 2022, in particular, the development of the Waste-to-Energy market in the EU and other leading countries of the world. The main ways are presented and computational investigations of the possibility of substitution of certain amounts of natural gas with artificial fuel from residual MSW are carried out. Based on the performed calculations, the authors formulated proposals for the feasibility of constructing facilities for energy use of residual MSW in different regions of Ukraine, as well as connecting them to the systems of centralized heating in Ukraine. The paper proves the necessity of building Waste-to-Energy power plants in the largest, large and big cities of the country. The ecological expediency of recovery of residual waste is shown.

6

Features of municipal waste management in the context of sustainable development in the countries with high GNI per capita and lower middle GNI per capita on the example of Finland and Ukraine

Pavliuk Nonna, Matyukhina Oleksandra

Architecture Civil Engineering Environment

|

2021

|

Vol. 14, no. 1

95--106

EN

The paper discusses ways to implement in Ukraine one of the important tasks of the sustainable development strategy - minimization and rational use of waste. The concept of a circular economy is analyzed in terms of using the material and energy potential of waste on the example of countries with high Gross National Income (GNI) per capita (Finland) and countries with lower middle GNI per capita (Ukraine). The features of the municipal solid waste management optimization in Finland and Ukraine are highlighted. It is noted that the concerns about the municipal solid waste management have reached the state level and are provided with targeted national programs and action plans. The dynamics of generation and treatment of solid municipal waste in Finland in 2009-2018 and Ukraine in 2013-2019 is analyzed. The main attention in Ukraine is paid to the implementation of the European system of municipal waste management. The paper emphasizes that an important condition for the implementation of state and municipal programs for waste recycling is the study of the socioeconomic potential of the population and the contribution fractions of waste for the organization of the separate collection of waste components and creation an appropriate infrastructure. Under current situation, sensitization work with the population to increase the level of their environmental awareness and promote active participation in the implementation of municipal waste management programs is shown to be of great importance for Ukraine.

7

Climate agreement. Race to carbon neutrality from Rio via Kyoto and Paris to Glasgow

Pavliuk Nonna

Architecture Civil Engineering Environment

|

2021

|

Vol. 14, no. 4

145--156

EN

This paper demonstrates an influence of the anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) emission trend on climate talks aimed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The influence of commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, undertaken by the largest emitter countries within the framework of international treaties (the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement), on the fossil energy consumption and CO 2 emissions from the combustion of various types of fuel by these countries has been analyzed. Emissions from the European Union (EU), as well as consumption of renewable and alternative energy sources by countries are beyond the subject of this paper. The paper focuses on the obligations that the largest emitters of greenhouse gas emissions are ready to undertake in order to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. The impact of the country’s choice of the base year on its ambitious climate action to reduce emissions has been evaluated. Challenges that the countries may face in the implementation of the Net Zero by 2050: A Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector, developed by the International Energy Agency (IEA), have been identified.

8

The comparative analysis of municipal solid waste management in the eight cities of Ukraine

Pavliuk Nonna

Architecture Civil Engineering Environment

|

2019

|

Vol. 12, no. 1

155--161

EN

A simplified solid waste management system has existed for many years in Ukraine being. The system factually coming to MSW collection and their removal to landfills and dumps. This has resulted in accumulation of 223 million tons MSW on territory of more than 8.5 ha. Signing on 27th June 2014 EU-Ukraine Association Agreement obliged Ukraine to approximate legislation to EU demands in the Field of Waste Management [1]. On 8th November 2017 National Waste Management Strategy has been accepted for this purpose binding until 2030 [2]. This paper makes a comparative study of Municipal Solid Waste (hereinafter referred to as MSW) Management in Ukraine. This paper represents the analysis of the waste composition from the eight cities from different regions of Ukraine. The comparative analysis takes into account dependence of the amount and waste composition on income and population level. The approaches of the World Bank basic report are used in this study [3]. The study reveals prospects for development of techniques on material and energy use of MSW potential in Ukraine.