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Technology of Utilization of Polypropylene Waste and Wastewater Sediments by Production of Building Blocks

Levytska Olena, Trus Inna, Gomelya Mukola, Alekseyenko Sergey

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2022

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Vol. 23, iss. 2

50--59

EN

Plastic waste and wastewater sediment stored on sludge lagoons are generated in almost every city in Ukraine. Their disposal is an urgent issue nowadays. The paper shows the ways of polypropylene utilization as one of the most widely used thermoplastics in everyday life, as well as the problem of formation and storage of wastewater sediments. The proposed technological scheme of complex processing of the resulted waste by production of building blocks is based on the property of polypropylene as a thermoplastic to soften and melt at above 160 °C, while exhibiting adhesive properties to a number of materials. For the implementation of technological solutions for manufacturing of construction products, the adhesion properties of polypropylene to wastewater sediments were substantiated, heating modes of the raw material mixture of wastewater sediments and polypropylene waste were specified, and the ratio of raw materials in the mixture for thermal treatment was determined. The samples of building blocks with a mass content of wastewater sediment from 5 to 95% (dry weight sediments) were made in the laboratory. In these samples, the polypropylene content was reduced from 95 to 5%, respectively. It was experimentally determined that for the samples of construction materials with a mass content of wastewater sediment 40–50% (dry weight), a uniform distribution of raw materials that would ensure their high strength, was observed. The comparison of the qualitative characteristics of the samples of building blocks with the regulatory requirements for construction products revealed that the experimental samples met the current requirements and were not inferior to the counterparts from traditional raw materials. However, the construction materials made from waste are recommended for application in building of industrial warehouses and storage facilities, non-food storage chambers, garages or other structures that do not provide permanent storage of food or living place for humans or animals.

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Development of Scaling Reagent for Waters of Different Mineralization

Trus Inna, Gomelya Mukola, Levytska Olena, Pylypenko Tetiana

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2022

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Vol. 23, iss. 4

81--87

EN

Membrane technologies are widely used for desalination of water. These technologies are environmentally friendly, economical, energy efficient and material efficient. In the absence of pre-treatment of water, the membrane is contaminated, which leads to an increase in the amount of concentrate formation. Discharge of mineralized water leads to physical and chemical pollution of water bodies. Dissolution and removal of these sediments is a complex issue, so the use of sediment inhibitors is important. The use of antiscalants allows to prolong the service life of membrane elements, which, in turn, will reduce the intake of fresh water and reduce the volume of wastewater. The efficiency of gipan as a reagent in the stabilization treatment of low-mineralized, highly mineralized waters at a temperature of 60°C was determined. The dependences of water stability on sediments on the chemical composition of water, inhibitor concentration and time of ultrasonic treatment of gipan were established.

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Utilization of Sodium Chloride Solutions to Obtain Ferrous Chlorides

Gomelya Mykola, Kryzhanovska Yana, Shabliy Tetyana, Levytska Olena

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 21, nr 8

177--184

EN

In this work, the processes of electrochemical processing of sodium chloride solutions with the production of iron (III) chloride and alkali in a three-chamber electrolyzer with MA-41 anion-exchange membrane and MK-40 cation-exchange membrane were investigated. The conditions for the removal of sodium chloride from water in a three-chamber electrolyzer using an iron anode were determined depending on the anode current density and the reaction of the medium in the anode region. The parameters of the process of concentrating iron chloride in the anode region were established at relatively low concentrations of sodium chloride solution. It was shown that during the electrolysis of a sodium chloride solution with a concentration of 370 mg-eq/dm3 at a current of 0.2 A in a three-chamber electrolyzer with an iron anode, an iron chloride solution is formed in the anolyte at pH < 4.9. The rate of concentration of NaOH to catholyte and FeCl3 to anolyte increased along with the current density. It was found that in order to increase the concentration of iron (III) chloride in the anolyte at relatively low concentrations of sodium chloride solution, it is advisable to gradually renew the demineralized solutions in the working chamber.