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Flood Damage Assessment Using River Water Levels – A Case Study of a Town Located in the North Mazovian Lowland (Poland)

Muszyński Robert, Kocur-Bera Katarzyna

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 2

200--212

EN

Flooding is a very dangerous phenomenon, causing both direct and indirect damage. The preventive actions result from the awareness of the danger and consequences of floods. In the affected areas, an important stage of management includes preventing and minimizing losses. The article presents a method for estimating the flood losses using flood hazard maps and taking into account the updated prices. Particular emphasis was placed on different risk levels of risk that are due to a flood in the examined location. The analysis was performed for the city through which three rivers flow. The generally available flood hazard maps in the Computerized National Protection System (Polish acr. ISOK), which include the information on the depth of the floodwater and land use classes, help estimate the financial losses. The research has shown that the greatest material losses caused by flooding are usually incurred in residential areas. On the basis of the results obtained, it was also determined that asset revaluation with time has a significant impact on the level of estimated losses. The article uses the methodology implemented in the Flood Risk Maps, which present the negative consequences for the population and the scope of flood losses. The results were compared with the author’s interpretation.

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Vulnerability of Rural Areas to Climate Change – Analysis of Similar Units in Terms of Spatial Conditions for Warmińsko-Mazurskie Voivodeship

Kocur-Bera Katarzyna

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 20, nr 6

198--206

EN

In the current decade, the fact that climate change is a continuous process and that humans have been contributing to this change is indisputable. Therefore, the whole society and the decision-makers who guide the process of application of regional policy principles, are facing a challenge as to which measures need to be taken to minimise the consequences of this change. Although we live in a global world, it can be observed that interactions occur in each unit on an individual basis. As we have more and more knowledge and information on the space, we can indicate which units, regions and spaces have the greatest predisposition to be subject to climate change. Moreover, being aware of the level of risk, we can attempt to implement tools that will help society to accept climate change and properly adapt to it. A space’s predisposition to climate change is not only determined by the weather, environmental or geographical conditions. The literature on the subject indicates three basic determinants of the predisposition, i.e. the exposure, vulnerability and the adaptive capacity. Only all of these elements grouped together can provide an answer to the question about a unit’s predisposition. The article focuses on the indices which represent all three determinants of the predisposition. It should be noted that depending on the availability of data and their aggregation, there is no possibility of using the same indices for all countries. This, however, does not prevent the performance of a uniform analysis for spaces included in the same statistics. The article presents a case study for agricultural land in the province of Warmia and Mazury. Using Ward’s method, four subregions with similar determinants of the predisposition to climate change were distinguished. Three subregions stand out, as two of them have a significant impact of exposure (S.1) and vulnerability (S.2), while the third subregion dominates in terms of adaptive capacity (S.4).

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Utilitarian attractiveness of agricultural plots – case studies of a complex of plots located in the Szczepankowo village (Warmia and Masuria region)

Muszyński Robert, Kocur-Bera Katarzyna

Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape

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2019

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no. 3

79--94

EN

The attractiveness of agricultural real estate is affected by a number of factors, of which the most important include: location, convenience of access, utilitarian value, spatial configuration, neighbourhood, agricultural culture, and level of crop difficulty. The attractiveness is related to spatial order. Indicators for the assessment of spatial order can be also used to assess the utilitarian attractiveness. The scope of features also depends on the buyers, i.e. potential users of the land. The aim of the present research was to assess the utilitarian attractiveness of agricultural parcels. The selection of indicators was made on the basis of a literature review and indications from the surveys. The research object was a complex of plots of the village of Szczepankowo located in the Lubawa municipality (Warmia-Masuria region). Each studied plot used for agriculture was assessed in terms of twelve attributes representing spatial order. The results of the assessment are presented in tabular and graphical format. The vast number of plots in the studied complex has favourable attractiveness for agricultural use. Due to the diverse nature of the elements and forms occurring in rural areas, ensuring spatial order in these areas is difficult. The use of the developed indicators provides the opportunity to indicate which of the attributes of the assessed space may have a negative impact on the attractiveness. Indication of elements disturbing spatial order and introducing chaos in space enables carrying out corrective actions, for example, agricultural land management measures that make it possible to influence the spatial structure of agricultural plots.

PL

Na atrakcyjność nieruchomości rolnych wpływa szereg czynników, z których za najważniejsze uważa się: lokalizację, dogodność dojazdu, wartość użytkową, ukształtowanie przestrzenne, sąsiedztwo, kulturę rolną i trudność uprawy. Atrakcyjność ta jest związana z ładem przestrzennym. Wskaźniki do oceny ładu przestrzennego mogą posłużyć ocenie atrakcyjności użytkowej. Zakres cech zależy również od nabywców, czyli potencjalnych użytkowników gruntu. Celem badań była ocena atrakcyjności użytkowania działek rolnych.. Dobór wskaźników dokonano na podstawie analizy literatury oraz wskazań ankietowych. Obiektem badań był kompleks działek wsi Szczepankowo leżącej w gminie Lubawa (województwo warmińsko-mazurskie). Każda badana działka użytkowana rolniczo została oceniona pod względem dwunastu atrybutów reprezentujących ład przestrzenny. Wyniki oceny przedstawiono w formie tabelarycznej i graficznej. Zdecydowana liczba działek w badanym kompleksie posiada korzystną atrakcyjność do użytkowania rolniczego. Ze względu na różnorodną postać występujących elementów na obszarach wiejskich, zapewnienie ładu na tych terenach jest trudne. Zastosowanie opracowanych wskaźników daje możliwość wskazania, który z atrybutów ocenianej przestrzeni negatywnie oddziałuje na atrakcyjność. Wskazanie elementów niszczących ład i wprowadzających chaos w przestrzeni, umożliwia przeprowadzenie działań naprawczych, np. działań urządzeniowo-rolnych pozwalających wpłynąć na strukturę przestrzenną działek rolnych.

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Infrastructure investment projects in terms of conformity with domains of sustainable development — a comparative analysis of municipalities in the vicinity of Olsztyn city, in Warmia and Mazury region, Poland

Kocur-Bera Katarzyna

Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape

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2019

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no. 2

87--95

EN

The concept of sustainable development has a number of definitions. In a general sense, it assumes interdependence and equivalence of three domains of reality: environment, society and economy. Harmonisation of the relationship between the society, the economy and the natural environment requires the development of new, more efficient and environmentally-friendly technologies, limiting the exploitation of natural resources, energy consumption, the elimination of environment-polluting forms of production, as well as a widespread change of the way of life and revision of the acceptable hierarchy of values. According to the valid principles, the investment trends in municipalities should be in line with the domains of sustainable development, thereby providing balance in all the three areas of investment: environmental, economic and social. The aim of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the investment projects carried out in the period of 2007–2013 in selected municipalities of the Warmia and Mazury Region for their compliance with the principles of sustainable development of rural areas. Investment projects co-financed from EU funds were examined. This has allowed us to highlight the spheres of investment, which drew particular attention within the period of time under study. The shifted focus of investment efforts also testifies to backwardness in the supported sphere.

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Information about real estate – a comparative study of Poland and Latvia

Kocur-Bera Katarzyna, Parsova Velta

Geodesy and Cartography

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2019

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Vol. 68, no. 2

283--303

EN

Each European Union Member State keeps a register of data on properties located in its territory. The number, type and scope of these properties are determined by each Member State’s needs. The INSPIRE Directive enables the scope of data to be harmonised, and the data to be made available for the purpose of assisting legislators in taking decisions and actions likely to have either direct or indirect impact on the environment. The aim of the study was to indicate the basic differences between the data contained in Polish and Latvian cadastres. Unlike other similar studies analysing the content of data in the cadastre, this article pays special attention to the number of available sets of data about the parcel and its surroundings, the ease of access to these data and the possibility for acquiring them by an interested party without incurring additional fees. This is particularly important in activities related to spatial management and the development of an information society. The results show that in both countries, the decision makers have approached the INSPIRE Directive differently. Direct analyses conducted for the cities of Wrocław (Poland) and Riga (Latvia) demonstrated that the information system in Wrocław contains a considerably greater scope of information available free of charge, is easier to use and offers more services. The Latvian Republic’s spatial information system provides a less-developed scope of information about real estate (without fees) that is dispersed on several websites, which slows down and hinders its use.