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Diatom communities of lake/stream networks in the Tatra Mountains, Poland, and the Swiss Alps

Kawecka B., Robinson C.T.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2008

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Vol. 37, No.3

21-35

EN

Diatom communities in alpine-zone streams of the Tatra National Park and the Swiss National Park were heterogeneous with respect to species richness, abundance, Shannon diversity index, and ecological preference. Two groups of diatoms were distinguished. Group 1, inhabited streams in the upper Gąsienicowa Valley (Tatra Mts) and Macun Lakes region (Alps), and had high species richness and Shannon diversities (especially in the Tatra Mts streams) but low abundances. The most abundant and common diatoms were Psammothidium helveticum, Diatoma mesodon, Aulacoseira alpigena, Achnanthidium minutissimum, Psammothidium subatomoides, Psammothidium marginulatum, and Gomphonema parvulum. Group 2 inhabited Tatra Mts streams in the Five Polish Lakes Valley and lower Gąsienicowa Valley. Diatoms were highly abundant but species richness and Shannon diversities were relatively low. The most abundant were Achnanthidium minutissimum, Diatoma mesodon, Fragilaria capucina gracilis group and Tabellaria flocculosa. There was no clear difference between the diatom communities of the outlet streams of upper lakes and the inlet streams of adjacent downstream lakes. The high abundance of diatoms in the streams of the Tatra Mts suggests recent ecosystem changes related to lake eutrophication and partly by weather anomalies resulting from climate change.

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Use of algae for monitoring rivers in Poland - in the light of a new law for environmental protection

Żelazowski E., Magiera M., Kawecka B., Kwandrans J., Kotowicz J.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2004

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Vol. 33, No. 4

27--39

EN

An account is given of the status of monitoring in a new legal system for environmental protection in Poland. The legal acts such as Environmental Protection Law, Water Law and resulting from it the Ordinance of the Ministry of Environment, which relate to the EU Water Framework Directives (2000/60/EC) were introduced to the Polish legal system. They present the principles by which state monitoring of the environment should operate in Poland and thus the source of information about water quality. The present article deals with continuation of the biological studies for monitoring rivers, including the relevance of a computer programme for this purpose. The article concludes with and assessment of how the quality of Polish rivers will be improved as a result of this legislation.

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Response to drying of Cyanobacteria and algae communities in Tatra Mts stream (Poland)

Kawecka B.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2003

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Vol. 32, No. 1

27-38

EN

The structure, dynamics and chlorophyll a content of lithoreophilous communities of Cyanobacteria and algae in two periodically drying sectors of the stream: in its upper (alpine), and middle part (forest) zones were investigated. In both sectors the diversity of species was low. After snow melt, in the upper part, the stones were successively colonized by Cyanobacteria (with Chamaesiphon polonicus (Rostafiński) Hansgirg prevailing), and green alga Klebsormidium rivulare (Kütz.) Starmach, finally obtaining stable and abundant communities. In the middle part of the stream, a spring explosion of Klebsormidium rivulare and species from the Chlorococcales group was observed. They developed temporary, since they disappeared after the June spate. Later this area was colonised mainly by Homoeothrix janthina (Bornet et Flahault) Starmach, Hydrurus foetidus (Villars) Trevisan, and diatoms, coming from a neighbouring non drying part of the stream. The chlorophyll a content in both sectors was low (2 - 55.8 mg m –2) .

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Effect of different light conditions on cyanobactria and algal communities in Tatra Mts stream (Poland)

Kawecka B.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2003

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Vol. 32, No. 2

3-13

EN

Different light conditions at the open and shaded sites caused by marginal vegetation affected the structure of cyanobacteria and algae communities, but had no effect on chlorophyll a content. In the open area Hydrurus foetidus (Villars) Trevisan, Homoeothrix janthina (Bornet et Flahault) Starmach, and diatoms (mainly Achnanthes minutissima Kütz. together with A. biasolettiana Grun. and species from the Gomphonema genus ) were the most numerous. In shadow the abundance of Hydrurus foetidus drastically decreased, whereas the diatom biomass index, Achnanthes minutissima and A. biasolettiana showed a tendency to reduce their number. On the contrary, the abundance of green algae and Cocconeis placentula Ehr. var. euglypta Ehr. increased. Chlorophyll a contents of both sites obtain the highest values in summer - autumn and the lowest in the winter - spring seasons.