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Localisation Task in Sewer Networks

Sokáč Marek, Velísková Yvetta

Inżynieria Mineralna

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2024

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Vol. 1, no. 1

661--668

EN

Paper deals with the inverse / localisation task in sewer networks. An inverse problem is defined as the process of determining the causal factors from a set of observations. Applying this principle to the water management sector, it is often a matter of determining the location of the source of pollution based on monitored data on the concentration of pollution over time. From a mathematical point of view, to decrease the uncertainty of the inverse task solution, it is necessary to know the location of the source or the concentrations time course of the source (intensity function). In practice, we usually do not know any of these quantities, however, in the case of sewer networks we can accept some assumptions, which allow us to solve this inverse problem. Paper analyses specific conditions applied in the environment of sewer networks and describes proposed method for solving the source localisation task in the sewer network environment. The solution is based on numerical modelling of the pollution spreading in sewer system, accepting some process simplifications as well as assuming some source parameters. Typically, the solution of inverse task requires large and time consuming numerical simulations. This can be disadvantageous after recording the pollution event - a long calculation time reduces the efficiency and operability for the following pollution source reconnaissance. Therefore, our proposed method performs the necessary simulations in advance and the pollution source localisation after recording the pollution event is very fast, using a simple search and comparison in the simulation results database. The proposed method was tested on real sewer system and there were achieving promising results.

2

Impact of Green Infrastructure on Flood Prevention in Urban Area

Sokáč Marek, Velísková Yvetta, Sokolchuk Konstiantyn, Sočuvka Valentin

Inżynieria Mineralna

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2024

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Vol. 1, no. 2

art. no. 33

EN

Intensities of short-term rainfalls are the basic design parameters for the dimensioning and design of urban sewerage systems. However, in connection with climate change, there is a change in rainfall characteristics, which are represented i. a. also by increase of the short-term rainfall intensity. This means an increased hydraulic load on urban sewerage systems, which can be resolved by increase of the sewerage system capacity or by reducing the of rainwater inflow into the sewerage system. Currently, within the framework of adaptation measures for climate change mainly the second option is preferred, i.e. reduction of the inflow into the sewerage system. This has to be realized prioritizing the green adaptation measures (green infrastructure). The paper deals with impact of the of green infrastructure implementation in urban sewerage system on the operational safety of the urban sewerage system from the point of view of the floods occurrence in the urbanized area. As shown by the results of the model study, the biggest effectiveness of green infrastructure in terms of preventing the occurrence of flooding is shown in case of short-term rainfalls with a lower return period (1-2 years). With increase of the return period (up to 10 years), the effectiveness of green infrastructure in terms of the occurrence of flooding decreases.

3

Evaluation of Hydro-Meteorological Conditions at the Water Reservoir for Supply of Drinking Water in the Period Since its Commissioning

Velísková Yvetta, Bara Márta Koczka, Sokáč Marek, Sočuvka Valentin, Okhravi Saeid

Inżynieria Mineralna

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2024

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Vol. 1, no. 2

art. no. 34

EN

Safe drinking water and its abundance include into among the basic attributes of a healthy environment and the basic human rights. As climate change progresses, ensuring a supply of drinking water to the population will pose increasing challenges. In this context, apart from exploiting groundwater sources, water reservoirs will assume a pivotal role in addressing this issue. On the territory of the Slovakia, there are currently 8 water reservoirs, which are used to collect water for the production of drinking water. One of them is the Turček reservoir, which was completed in May 1996 and has been in full operation since 1997. In this contribution, the hydro-meteorological data from the Turček water reservoir location, which were provided by the operator of this reservoir, are evaluated. These data contain information on daily values of basic characteristics. The period 1997-2021 was analyzed, especially the development and trends of precipitation, air temperature, occurrence of a given type of weather during this period and ice cover thickness and duration. The analysis of hydro-meteorological data showed that the average annual air temperature is rising slightly, for the period 1997-2021 it rose by 0,03 °C. The ice cover thickness (both maximum and average value) shows a decreasing trend and decreased by 7,3 cm during the observed period. The same trend is shown by the duration of the ice cover on the reservoir surface. The frequency of precipitation events has been decreasing for a long time, the annual total depth of precipitation also has a decreasing trend. Recently, this reservoir also had a problem with the occurrence of cryophilic cyanobacteria, the occurrence of which is not desirable in such types of water bodies. The performed analysis of the development of hydro-meteorological conditions is an important basis for the evaluation and understanding of processes related to water quality in this reservoir.