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Optimization of process parameters for composting of pulp/paper mill sludge with hazelnut kernel using a statistical method

Aycan N., Turan N. G., Ozgonenel O.

Environment Protection Engineering

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2014

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Vol. 40, nr 1

127--138

EN

An effective way to remove ammonium from compost using hazelnut kernels (HK) has been presented. The role of experimental factors on the removal of ammonium was examined by using the full factor experimental design (FFED). The experimental factors and their related levels were selected as time of 1-6 weeks, moisture of 50-70%, and HK amendment ratio of 5-25. The results were then evaluated by the ANOVA test to examine importance of the process variables (inputs) and their levels. A regression model taking into account main significant and interaction effects was suggested. According to the optimization algorithm, time of 5 weeks, moisture of 50%, and HK amendment ratio of 25 with the removal capacity of 60% were selected as optimum levels. The proposed analyzing procedure is simple to implement and cost-effective.

2

Effects of Different Agro-Based Materials on Composting of Pulp/Paper-Mill Sludge

Aycan N., Turan N. G.

Archives of Environmental Protection

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2014

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Vol. 40, no. 1

33--40

EN

The effects of different volumetric ratios of bulking agents to pulp/paper-mill sludge on composting were studied. Rice husk and corncob were used as bulking agents. Volumetric ratios of bulking agents to pulp/paper-mill sludge were used as 10:100 and 25:100. To monitor the evolution of the composting systems, routine parameters such as temperature, moisture, pH, total N, NH4 +-N, NO3-N, total C, and C/N ratio were analyzed. The results indicated that the agro-based materials significantly affected compost maturity parameters. Moreover, the quality of the product obtained in the composting process treated with the agro-based materials achieved satisfactory stabilization and sanitation for application to land.

3

Adsorption of Copper(II) and Zinc(II) ions by various agricultural by-products. Experimental studies and modelling

Turan N. G., Mesci B.

Environment Protection Engineering

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2011

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Vol. 37, nr 4

143-161

EN

Effective removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions belongs to the most important issues for many industrialized countries. Removal of copper(II) and zinc(II) ions from leaching solution of industrial waste were studied using hazelnut, almond and walnut shells. Batch adsorption experiments were performed in function of pH, contact time and adsorbent dosage. Adsorption kinetics was investigated using the pseudo-first and pseudo-second order, Elovich equations and intraparticle diffusion models. The results indicate that the second order model best describes adsorption kinetic data and the agricultural by products investigated may be used for removal of copper(II) and zinc(II) ions from leaching solution of industrial waste.