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Morena szaflarska w świetle nowych danych z odsłonięć i wierceń w 100-lecie jej odkrycia

Wójcik Antoni

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2022

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Vol. 70, nr 6

458--467

EN

In the northern part of the Podhale Region, nearly 100 years ago, Matkowski (1924, 1928) described gravels exposed in a quarry in Szaflary and considered them to be moraine sediments - Szaflar moraine. Romer (1929) confirmed this interpretation of the sediments. Later studies of Halicki (1930), Klimaszewski (1948, 1988), Birkenmajer (1976) and Birkenmajer and Stuchlik (1975) completely excluded the possibility of moraines in this area and showed that these sediments have are of fluvioglacial origin. Comparing the quarry's ranges due to exploitation, it was found that the authors could observe various deposits exposed during the progress of exploitation towards the west. In the profiles of trenches for new buildings to the NW from the quarry, clays containing sands and gravels and individual boulders and blocks of quartzite and granite with a diameterof0.8 to 1.2m were found. The exposed erratics exactly correspond to the description of the moraine by Matkowski (1924, 1928) from the quarry in Szaflary. In addition, in the recently drilled Nowy Targ PIG-2 borehole, similarly developed pieces were found at a depth of19.7-69.5 m. Combining archival data and new facts from drilling and exposures, a view can be proposed that, during the Southern Polish Glaciations, the Tatra glaciers reached the Nowy Targ Basin and perhaps the foothills of the Gorce Mts, which was already suggested by Rehman (1895), Zapatowicz (1913) and Matkowski (1928).

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Dokumentowanie geologiczno-inżynierskie osuwisk w aspekcie głębokości występowania powierzchni poślizgu

Kos Jarosław, Wójcik Antoni

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2022

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Vol. 70, nr 9

627--635

EN

When conducting geological and engineering research, the most common statement is information that the landslide is shallow and should not pose a threat to the designed objects. In the case of large, structural landslides, this approach may lead, with the wrong determination of the deepest slip surface, to the occurrence of a construction disaster as a result of improper execution of the protection structure. The article presents specific locations of landslides with deep displacements in inclinometric columns exemplified by landslides monitored as part of the SOPO project in Tarnawa Górna, Słotowa and Międzybrodzie Bialskie - Łazki. The documented slip surfaces are found at depths of 19-42 m. Such deep displacements indicate that large, landslides reach significant thicknesses and such data should be presented in a geological and engineering documentation. It is proposed to modify the regulation on the execution of the geological and engineering documentation by adding a point regarding the documentation of landslides. If such an area exists, special requirements must be met when conducting geological surveys.

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Zastosowanie metody K-Ar do oznaczenia wieku deformacji skał metaosadowych formacji Yargait terranu Zavkhan (Khasagt, Mongolia) : wstępne wyniki badań

Sikora Rafał, Wójcik Antoni, Szczerba Marek, Bazarnik Jakub, Madej Stanisław

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2021

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Vol. 69, nr 7

448--453

EN

The SW margin of the Zavkhan terrane is significant for research on Paleozoic amalgamation of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). The study area is located in the western part of the Khasagt Mountains, western Mongolia. We present a new preliminary K-Ar dating of metasedimentary rocks from the Yargait Formation which were deformed during collision of the Zavkhan terrane with the Lake Zone terrane. Our results include two dating that are similar to earlier data by other authors (Stípskáetal., 2010; Bold et al., 2016b). The first dating equal to 544.1 ±13.7 Ma can be interpreted as the age ofmetamorphism and the subduction of the SW margin ofthe Zavkhan terrane under the Lake Zone terrane during the late Ediacaran-early Cambrian. The second dating of 441.1 ±11.7 Ma indicates the Late Ordovician - Silurian regional extension event.

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Dokumentowanie geologiczno-inżynierskie osuwisk na terenie fliszu karpackiego

Kos Jarosław, Wójcik Antoni

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2021

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Vol. 69, nr 12

825--834

EN

When conducting geological surveys in landslide areas, it is important to define the scope of the planned geological works. The most important issue in the study of landslides is the recognition of the depth and shape of the slip surface. This requires the correct type of drilling and a good core quality. Most often, within a single landslide, several slip surfaces are documented, which occur at different depths, which is associated with a complex manner of motion and shear. Proper determination of the deepest sliding surfaces allows for the construction of a calculation model and selection of the optimal method of securing the landslide area. The course of the slip surface is often not determined by the depth of the bedrock under the cover formations. Geological diagnosis should depend on the size of the examined landslide and the impact of its activation on potential damage / destruction of existing buildings and technical infrastructure. The method of documenting and carrying out calculations is presented as recommended in landslide areas. In the first step, calculations should be made on the basis of data obtained from field work and parameters obtained from laboratory tests. Monitoring should complement field research and assess the scale of displacements. Conducting stability calculations should be a standard for the preparation of geological and engineering documentation of landslides and areas at risk of mass movements. It allows you to assess the risk and threats to the planned investment or protective structure. This is to provide permanent safeguards to prevent damage to buildings that have been designed on the basis of uncertain geological data. It is postulated to modify the ordinance on the implementation of geological and engineering documentation by adding a point concerning the documentation of landslides. If there is such an area, special requirements must be met when conducting geological surveys.

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The youngest deposits infilling the Gdów “embayment” (Carpathian orogenic front, south Poland) are not older than late Sarmatian-Pannonian

Wójcik Antoni, Garecka Małgorzata Katarzyna, Malata Tomasz, Pilarz Monika

Geological Quarterly

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2021

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Vol. 65, No. 2

art. no. 22

EN

The Gdów “embayment” is the most pronounced deflection along the northern boundary of the Carpathians. It is filled by the sandy clay deposits which used to be named the Skawina Formation or Chodenice beds or, locally, conglomerates (of Sypka Góra). Their stratigraphic position according to studies of foraminifers had been determined as Badenian. New results obtained from micropalaeontological material sampled at three exposures near Wiatowice, Jawczyce (Giewont) and Gdów (Sypka Góra), and based on boreholes, indicate a much younger age of for the deposits infilling the Gdów “embayment”. These studies show that the surface deposits are not older than Late Sarmatian/Pannonian (Serravalian/Tortonian). They also suggest a much later time for the last stages of the thrusting of the Carpathian Mountains over the Carpathian Foredeep.

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Rozwój badań osuwisk w Państwowym Instytucie Geologicznym

Wójcik Antoni, Wojciechowski Tomasz, Wódka Marcin, Kaczorowski Jarosłąw, Kamieniarz Sylwester, Sikora Rafał, Kułak Marcin, Karwacki Krzysztof, Warmuz Bartłomiej, Perski Zbigniew

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2020

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Vol. 68, nr 5

356--363

EN

The paper presents the history and latest achievements in landslide research at the Polish Geological Institute (PGI). Since the establishment of PGI in 1919, landslides have been investigated during geological mapping in the Carpathians and considered by engineering geologists. After the 2nd World War, the importance of landslide research becomes more and more important following each landslide catastrophic event. Since 2008, the research on landslide and mass movements has been carried out systematically at the PGI within the SOPO (Landslide Counteracting System) project framework. Since that time, the SOPO project has been developing from landslide mapping and recording into a large spatial database, a sophisticated monitoring system (including on-line data acquisition) and susceptibility analysis, and early warnings with prediction capabilities. SOPO plays an important role to local and national administration. Together with the legal component, it allows defining a strategy for landslide risk reduction in Poland. Recently, landslide research plays so important role at the PGI that a special department, called Geohazard Center, has been established within the PGI organizational structure.

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Zagrożenia osuwiskowe na trasie budowy drogi ekspresowej S-7 na odcinku Lubień–Naprawa (Karpaty fliszowe)

Wójcik Antoni, Jurczak Sebastian, Wnuk Mariusz, Janik Krzysztof

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2019

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Vol. 67, nr 5

388--396

EN

Landslide recognition is an important task for designers and contractors during the road construction process. The problems that contractors often face is insufficient recognition of the geological structure (at the design stage), too small area of purchased land under the "ZRiD’'decision, or the inability of fast responding to emerging threats. The studies described in this article shed more light on the complexity of slope deformation as a result of landslide processes. During the constructing of the expressway S-7, the problems related to deep landslide processes occurred, which most probably were associated with poorly recognized old “rocky-weathering material” type of landslide. The geological survey performed during the construction of this road, confirmed the occurrence of deep (>20 m) displacements, recorded by the inclinometer measurements. These deep displacements are linked to a large landslide with a main scarp located in the region of Mt. Cymbalowa Góra.

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Późnoglacjalny rozwój osuwisk w polskich Karpatach zewnętrznych

Wójcik Antoni

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2019

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Vol. 67, nr 5

397--404

EN

The area of Poland, including the Carpathian Mountains, is located in a zone where landslides cause large material damage. This issue can be considered using different time scales. Using various dating methods, it was possible to distinguish periods of increased landslide activity. Among others, the radiometric methods are the most common. Based on the 14C dated landslides in Szczawnica-Biafy Stream, Zapadle near Szymbark, Rychwatd near Żywiec and on data published by Margielewski (2006), it was possible to hypothesize that landslides in the Carpathians have been developing over 13,000 years, i.e. since the Oldest Dryas. This is related to the beginning of degradation of the permafrost, which can be considered as the inception of the development of large rock landslides. On the basis of the presented data, it can also be stated that these landslides have been active up to modern times and their development is very long. An example of this is the landslide in Zapadle. The position of the landslide tongue, which is subjected to erosion, is of great importance, which promotes its further activity. Permanent removing of the colluvial material by a stream and its supplementing by subsequent new displacements from the scarp causes that the landslides can be active for a very long period of time.

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Osuwiska w Polsce : od rejestracji do prognozy, czyli 13 lat projektu SOPO

Marciniec Paweł, Zimnal Ziemowit, Perski Zbigniew, Wojciechowski Tomasz, Rączkowski Wojciech, Laskowicz Izabela, Nescieruk Piotr, Grabowski Dariusz, Kułak Marcin, Wójcik Antoni

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2019

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Vol. 67, nr 5

291--297

EN

Theintensification of disastrous landslide movements in southern Poland occurring at the end of the 20th century, showed that there was a need to create a unified system of acquiring and collecting landslide data. It also indicated the importance of raising awareness of the existence of landslide hazard for both residents and public administration (decision-makers). This was also the reason for launching a nationwide project, the Landslide Counteracting System (LCS; SOPO in Polish). This system is a platform for acquiring and processing information about mass movements in order to support mainly for government and local administration. The main goal of the project is to reduce the landslide riskin Poland,and to limit damages caused by the development of landslides.