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1 Journal of Sustainable Mining

1 2025

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Potential impact of coal mining and use for electricity generation in Brazil on global warming

Nascimento Marisa, Soares Paulo Sergio Moreira

Journal of Sustainable Mining

2025

Vol. 24, iss. 1

65--75

The study aims to evaluate the potential contribution of coal production for electric power generation in Brazil to greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions, applying life cycle assessment (LCA). The product system studied consists of mining, transportation of the coal to the power station, and power generation. The LCA was first developed only for coal mining in Brazil. Secondly, it was enlarged to include transportation of the coal domestically produced, the hard coal imported, and power generation (Integrated System BR). In the mining stage in Brazil (Brazilian coal), the contribution to the global warming potential was estimated at 237 kg of CO2eq/t of coal. Coal extraction showed the highest contribution, approximately 232 kg of CO2eq/t energetic coal (or 162 kg CO2eq/t ROM). For the Integrated System BR, the total contribution to global warming potential was estimated at 1.11 x 103 kg of CO2eq/MWh. The generation process showed the highest contribution, accounting for 89.04%. Fugitive emissions are responsible for most of the greenhouse gases emissions. Imported hard coal (production and transportation) accounted for only 1.22% of the total contribution to global warming potential.