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Understanding the difficult selective separation characteristics of high-ash fine coal

Yang Zili, Liu Min, Chang Guohui, Xia Yangchao, Li Ming, Xing Yaowen, Gui Xiahui

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

2020

Vol. 56, iss. 5

874--883

As the supply of high-quality coals decreases and mechanical coal mining becomes more widespread, the high selective recovery of high-ash fine coal has become a prominent problem in the flotation process. Herein, we discuss the main reasons why the selective separation of high-ash fine coal is difficult. The analysis of high-ash fine coal properties shows that coarse particles (0.25-0.5 mm) account for 22.53% of the total size fraction and that 57.90% of the coal is moderate- or high-density (+1.4 g/cm3) intergrowth. Grinding experiments show that the traditional rod mill has little impact on the liberation of the intergrowth. Instead, its main function is to adjust the particle size composition to ensure that the particle sizes of high-ash fine coal are within the particle size range suitable for flotation. The flotation results show that a clean coal yield of 30.42%, with a 12.46% ash content, is obtained with the optimal flotation parameters through the roughing and cleaning flotation process. However, the flotation results also show that in the separation of high-ash fine coal, it is difficult to obtain clean coal with a high yield and low ash content at the same time. This is mainly due to the similar floatability of moderate-density and low-density coal particles, which allows a large number of moderate-density coal particles to be recovered, and a significant slime coating of clay on the coal’s surface that is generated during the flotation process. The results of this work provide valuable guidance for high-ash fine coal industrial flotation applications.

Molecular simulation study on hydration of low-rank coal particles and formation of hydration film

Xia Yangchao, Yang Zili, Xing Yaowen, Gui Xiahui

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

2019

Vol. 55, iss. 2

586--596

Water molecules in low-rank coal (LRC) significantly influence its upgrading and utilization. To investigate the hydration of LRC particles and the formation of a hydration film, molecular simulation techniques were innovatively used, including molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The adsorption of water molecules on LRC and various oxygen-containing groups was analyzed. The results show that water molecules adsorb close to the LRC surface and form a large overlapping layer at the LRC/water interface. The radial distribution functions (RDFs) show that the adsorption affinity of water molecules on oxygen-containing sites is stronger than that on carbon-containing sites, and the RDF peaks indicate the existence of a hydration film. Moreover, the differences in adsorption between various oxygen-containing groups depend on both the number of hydrogen bonds and the adsorption distances. The calculated binding energies indicate that the adsorption capacity follows the order carboxyl > phenolic hydroxyl > alcoholic hydroxyl > ether linkage > carbonyl. Experimental results show that a high sorption rate exists between water vapor and LRC samples at the beginning of sorption, which verified the simulation results.