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Rozwój kartografii tematycznej na Litwie po odzyskaniu niepodległości w 1990 roku

Beconytè G.

Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny

2003

T. 35, nr 1

25-32

W artykule autorka omawia rozwój kartografii tematycznej Litwy po odzyskaniu niepodległości w 1990 roku, wpływ stosowanych w tym czasie technologii cyfrowych i związane z nimi problemy metodyczne oraz możliwości ich rozwiązywania. Przedstawia już wydane i opracowywane publikacje kartograficzne, a także najważniejsze badania teoretyczne prowadzone na Uniwersytecie Wileńskim.

This paper is a summary of the results of investigation into development of thematical cartography in new society, concentrating on the main problems and with a perspective of building the informational system for thematical mapping at national level. It provides an overview of development of Lithuanian thematic cartography after the restoration of independence in 1990. As that decade can be characterized as a period of rapid and often uncontrolable implementation of novel digital technologies in cartography together with corresponding growth of informational complexity in this area, we argue, that observed crises in development of thematical cartography in Lithuania reflect the pressing problems of modern cartography in general, revealing the most sensitive points of every stage of implementation of new technologies and methods of visualization. These problems can be defined as: task complexity (how to build a functioning informational system for thematic mapping considering diverse and complex spatial information, need for efficient cooperation of specialists from various disciplines with increasingly wide range of skills and finally, mostly limited resources); the quality of production (problems of unbiased quality evaluation, formal quality criteria, quality assurance starting with early stages of thematical map design); lack of user-oriented approach (pragmatic aspects of map quality, usability testing for different kinds of thematical maps). Each methodological problem is related with a specific area of cartographical information and corresponding engineering (structural, functional and semantic) of informational system for large compound products such as the national atlas of the country. Provided solutions for above mentioned problems were attained for the most part applying methods of system engineering and object-oriented design, life cycle modelling and building the system of quality criteria for thematical maps. It was proved that these methods help to attain better communicative quality of maps with any technology of cartographic visualization. In 1990-2000 many thematic maps of Lithuania were published, however the lack of cartographic representation of socio-cultural and economic phenomena is obvious.