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Female migrants - the issues of advancing age

Nova Monika

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

2021

z. 151

493--500

Purpose: The paper addresses the subject of female migrants who are on the threshold of old age or already old, and who live in Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic. The author attempted to depict the process of aging through the eyes of the female migrants themselves, persons concerned with the migrants and the professional community as such. The effort was supposed to disclose specific features of women’s life. Design/methodology/approach: The background research applied the qualitative method and the relevant information was obtained using the technique of interviews. Our research was built on hypothesis that the elderly female migrants will constitute (and in fact already constitute) a fast growing group of population. This hypothesis is supported by statistical data on naturalized migrants and on their changing age patterns. Though the elderly migrants are still few in numbers when compared with the overall number of newly coming immigrants, they should be paid closer attention by government agencies and the non-profit sector and the attention should encompass both the conceptual framework and the practical aspects. Media attention, previously devoted to the elderly migrants, is now distracted by the themes of global migration and by the predicament of refugees. Findings: Their advanced age disadvantages the elderly on the labor market despite the qualifications and a vast pool of professional experience that they gained during their stay in the host country. Pushed by their precarious economic situation and an inborn cast of mind, the people remain active, and even as seniors they seek new jobs, often beneath their qualifications. Research limitations/implications: As the female participants in our research told us, throughout their entire stay in emigration they were feeling guilty toward the people they left back home while themselves were privileged with a life of better quality abroad. These observations testify to the importance of psychological and social assistance that should be provided by the receiving country. Practical implications: Asked about their plans for returning to the home country, the women expressed worries about getting only low pensions because of the insufficient number of years worked there. Social implications: Though we think it important to highlight the painful experiences of migrants, our research results by no means indicate that the women perceive themselves as "victims". On the contrary, the research painted a picture of exceptionally strong and determined ladies. We believe that the stories and reflections of our research participants can be very useful for the receiving country and more than interesting for many persons coming into contact with immigrants - employyers, regional administrators and the public generally. Originality/value: The situation mentioned above is influenced by the short history of migration to the Czech Republic, Poland and Hungary. Making just a slight simplification we can say that the age of retirement is reached chiefly by women who arrived to the newly reestablished democracies in the early waves of immigrants after 1989. Having the opportunity of dealing with female migrants in detail, we have also tried to identify the pitfalls (long-time hidden) of the currently applied integration policies.