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1
Content available A new method for the preparation of solvatochromic 5-(5-X-6-hydroxynaphthyl-2)-7H-indolo[1,2-a]quinolinium merocyanines
Sawicka M.J., Soroka J.A., Gąsiorowska M.
Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
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2010
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Vol. 12, nr 1
17-22
EN
A new method for the preparation of 7H-indolo[1,2-a]quinolinium solvatochromic dye precursors has been investigated. 5-(6-Hydroxynaphthyl-2)-7,7-dimethyl-7H-indolo[1,2-a]quinolinium perchlorate, 5-(5-bromo-6-hydroxynaphthyl-2)-7,7-dimethyl-7H-indolo[1,2-a]quinolinium perchlorate and 5-(5-nitro-6-hydroxynaphthyl-2)-7,7-dimethyl-7H-indolo[1,2-a]quinolinium perchlorate were obtained via demethylation of the corresponding 5-(5-X-6-methoxynaphthyl-2)-7,7-dimethyl-7H-indolo[1,2-a]quinolinium salts. The application of pyridinium hydrochloride in the demethylation of the methoxy perchlorates allowed to obtain the products with the almost quantitative yield in a very short time, especially when the reaction was carried out using microwave irradiation.
2
Solvatochromism of Dyes. Part V. Apparent or Real Solvation Parameters?
Wróblewska E. K., Soroka J. A., Gąsiorowska M.
Polish Journal of Chemistry
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2009
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Vol. 83, nr 2
217-236
EN
The UV/VIS spectroscopic behaviour of 7H-indolo[1,2-a]quinolinium per chlorates and their precursors, i.e. 1-phenyl-2-[2-(3-X-5-methoxy-4-hydroxy phenyl)ethenyl]- 3,3- di-methyl-3H-indolium derivatives (X = Br, Cl, NO2) in binary solvent mixtures is described. Based on the solvation equilibrium constants determined using the SA-SAB-SB model, a discussion of an influence of a band-shape parameter c and a parameter for non-specific solute/solvent interactions b on the results obtained is presented. The evaluated real equilibrium solvation constants allow to describe properly the preference of solvation
3
Content available remote Novel solvatochromic 1,3,2-dioxaborines as composition indicators in analysis of organic solvent mixtures
Zawadzka I.K., Soroka J. A., Gąsiorowska M., Sawicka M. J.
Chemia Analityczna
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2008
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Vol. 53, No. 1
83-107
EN
New, solvatochromic dioxaborine-like dyes were synthesized and examined as polarity indicators in pure solvents. Next, they were employed in a quantitative analysis of the binary and ternary mixtures with the use of the SA-SAB-SB model and on the basis of the equations describing 3rd order surfaces, respectively.
PL
Nowe, solwatochromowe pochodne dioksaboraarenów zsyntetyzowano i przebadano w czystych rozpuszczalnikach pod kątem możliwości zastosowania ich jako indykatorów polarności. Następnie zostały użyte w analizie ilościowej dwu- i trójskładnikowych mieszanin za pomocą odpowiednio: modelu SA-SAB-SB i metody powierzchni kalibra-cyjnych.
4
Content available remote Ocena jakości wód Noteci na szlaku żeglugowym Nakło, Krzyż, Santok
Jóźwiak Z., Bosy A., Gąsiorowska M., Grabia M., Banach A., Majewski Ł., Kilar A., Matkowska K.
Zeszyty Naukowe / Akademia Morska w Szczecinie
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2007
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nr 12 (84)
47-58
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań wód Noteci, które przeprowadzono w okresie 18-30 sierpnia 2005 roku z pokładu statku szkolnego " W. Łokietek", w ramach działalności statutowej Naukowego Koła Ekologii przy AM w Szczecinie. Metodą spektrofotometrii UV (długość fal 205-320 nm) określono następujące wskaźniki: ogólny węgiel organiczny, chemiczne i biologiczne zapotrzebowanie tlenu, zawartość azotanów, zawiesiny ogólne oraz substancje powierzchniowo czynne.
EN
The article presents the results of research on the cleanness of the River Noteć. The analysis was were executed in the period 18-30 August 2005 by students from the Scientific Circle of Ecology, Maritime University, in time of student training period on the ship "Wł. Łokietek". Using the method of spectrophotometer UV (205-320 nm length), the following indicators were qualifield: the total organic carbon, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, content of nitrates, total suspended solids and surfactants.
5
Content available remote Mikrofale w syntezie organicznej
Sawicka M.J., Soroka J.A., Soroka K.B., Gąsiorowska M.
Wiadomości Chemiczne
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2007
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[Z] 61, 11-12
891-911
EN
The interest in the microwave assisted organic synthesis has been growing during the recent years. It results from an increasing knowledge of fundamentals of the dielectric heating theory, availability of an equipment designed especially for the laboratory use as well as the discovery of the special techniques of the micro-wave syntheses. There are two different mechanisms of transformation of microwave energy into heat. The first one is the dipolar polarization. The electric field of electromagnetic irradiation causes such a change in the polar molecules orientation, that they align their dipole moments with the force field lines. Another way of the microwave - molecule interaction that leads to heat evolution bases on the ionic conduction phenomenon. It originates from a presence of ionic species in the materials. Under the influence of the alternating dielectric field ions start to move through the solution, resulting in an increased collision rate, and the kinetic energy is converted into heat. The microwave activation in organic synthesis leads to considerable acceleration of a chemical reaction as compared to the traditional thermal process. It originates from the thermal effects, i.e. a change of the temperature profile during the process, the existence of so-called "hot spots" and the ability of solvent heating above its normal boiling point as well as the specific (no thermal) effects, connected with a change of the activation energy of the reaction and the activity of molecules. Moreover, microwave irradiation can also change direction, yield and selec-tivity of a chemical reaction. The extent of these changes depends on a solvent pola-rity and polarity of the ground and transition states of reagents. The microwave syntheses are performed in multimode or single-mode cavities, with respect to the mode of the irradiation distribution over the working compartment. The most popular techniques of microwave enhanced syntheses are as follow: syntheses in a solvent, solvent-free syntheses and supported syntheses. The application of one of them depends on the solvent and/or reagents properties as well as the reaction conditions.
6
Content available remote Calibration surfaces in analysis of ternary mixtures. Part 2. Degree of analytical utility of solvatochromic indicator
Wróblewska E. K., Soroka J. A., Soroka K. B., Gąsiorowska M., Sawicka M. J.
Chemia Analityczna
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2004
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Vol. 49, No. 5
729-738
EN
Applicability of dyes as solvatochromic indicators has been discussed. New parameter au, qualifying a degree of analytical utility of a dye has been introduced for six solvatochromic merocyanines and betaines based on 7H-indolo[1,2-a]quinoline system. These compounds were used for the quantitative analysis of water-methanol-ethanol ternary mixture. Accuracy of the analysis was evaluated by comparing the results obtained with dyes of maximum and minimum au.
PL
Opisano prostą metodę ilościowej oceny jakości barwnika wykorzystywanego jako wskaźnik solwatochromowy. Zaproponowano nowy parametr a określający stopień użyteczności analitycznej, na podstawie którego oceniono przydatność sześciu solwatochromowych merocyjanin/belain 7H-indolo [ 1,2-aJchinoliniowych, wykorzystanych w analizie ilościowej mieszaniny trójskładnikowej woda-metanol-etanoi. Uzyskane wyniki zweryfikowano dla dwóch barwników: o najwyższej oraz najniższej wartości wyznaczonego parametru a(u) .
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