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Summary of a decade of research at the Owadów–Brzezinki Lagerstätte (Tithonian, central Poland): A review and perspectives for the future

Błażejowski Błażej, Weryński Łukasz, Wierzbowski Andrzej, Michalska Monika, Hryniewicz Krzysztof, Uchman Alfred, Kugler Stanisław, Bącal Paweł, Hołda-Michalska Aleksandra

Volumina Jurassica

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2023

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Vol. 21

83--98

EN

For over ten years, the Lower to Upper Tithonian boundary beds cropping out in the Owadów–Brzezinki quarry have yielded numerous fossils of ammonites, bivalves, brachiopods, xiphosurans, decapods, insects, and vertebrates – including actinopterygian fishes and various reptiles and others, all of which exhibit fine preservation of their anatomical details due to special environmental conditions during their fossilization. The Owadów–Brzezinki section is also important for stratigraphical correlations because it contains ammonite faunas indicative of the NE European and NW European Subboreal zonal schemes, as well as Tethyan calpionellids. The whole faunal as- semblage, which represents taxa of many iconic groups of Mesozoic animals, has created the opportunity to establish the ‘Owadów– Brzezinki geopark’, a geoeducation area where the public, and especially the young, can learn about the beauty of the natural history of the region.

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Średniowieczne optimum klimatyczne w zapisie paleo-pedologicznym : gleba typu Grębociny w osadach wydm śródlądowych

Ninard Krzysztof, Stolarczyk Mateusz, Łapcik Piotr, Uchman Alfred

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2023

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Vol. 71, nr 10

533--537

EN

Buried paleosols documented in Polish aeolian dunes comprise predominantly Arenosols and only occasionally well-developed Podzols. Occurrences of fossil Podzols found in 10 inland dune sites dispersed throughout central and eastern Poland share similar pedological properties, geomorphological setting, and age in the 5-15th century AD range of the historical Middle Ages. A pedostratigraphic marker under the name Grębociny soil is designated, after a locality with the most advanced podzolization of the paleosol dated to the High Middle Ages (1000-1300 AD). The Podzols were preserved by burial during anthropogenically induced dune remobilization. Prevalent podzolization during the Middle Ages, in contrast to preceding and later times, could be facilitated not only by human activities, but also by relatively warm and humid climate of the Medieval Climatic Optimum (ca. 900-1400 AD).

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Maty mikrobialne w utworach silikoklastycznych : analiza macerałów w łupkach formacji menilitowej jednostki skolskiej

Wójcik-Tabol Patrycja, Oszczypko-Clowes Marta, Uchman Alfred, Pratkowiecka Weronika

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2023

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Vol. 71, nr 5

301--304

EN

Fossil microbial mats in deep-water environments dominated by siliciclastic sedimentation are known from relatively few studies. This paper presents the results of maceral composition examination in the Menilite Formation from the Tarnawka section (Skole Unit, Outer Carpathians). The characteristic forms of alginite and bituminite correspond to the published conclusions on microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS), including microbial mats.

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Stop 8. Flaki range (Jurassic deposits of the Branisko Succession)

Krobicki Michał, Tyszka Jarosław, Uchman Alfred

Geotourism / Geoturystyka

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2023

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nr 3-4 (74-75)

40--42

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Stop 14. Halečková Klippe (quarry) – Bajocian to Oxfordian calcareous and radiolarite sequence of the Pieniny Succession

Aubrecht Roman, Krobicki Michał, Uchman Alfred

Geotourism / Geoturystyka

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2023

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nr 3-4 (74-75)

51--52

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Corkscrew-like horizontal trace fossils with a focus on a new ichnospecies of Helicodromites from the Oligocene Molare Formation of NW Italy

Uchman Alfred, Rattazzi Bruno

Geological Quarterly

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2023

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Vol. 67, No. 2

art. no. 22

EN

Horizontal helical trace fossils constitute a characteristic burrow architectural design, but their ichnotaxonomy requires some clarification. In this paper, we review and revise this taxonomy on the basis of collections and data from the literature. Helicorhaphe is included in Helicodromites because its type ichnospecies displays the same morphological principles. A new ichnospecies of Helicodromites is distinguished from Oligocene offshore fan delta deposits in NW Italy. All ichnospecies of Helicodromites display a characteristic set of morphometric parameters that allow their distinction. All were probably produced by capitellid polychaetes in a deep tier within the sediment. They were generally stationary burrows, whose tracemakers benefited from feeding on microbes without significant sediment reworking.

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Clasts derived from rhizocretions in shallow-marine Miocene clastic deposits of northern Hungary: an example of zombie structures

Uchman Alfred, Dávid Árpád, Fodor Rozália

Geological Quarterly

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2023

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Vol. 67, No. 1

art. no. 4

EN

Disc- and cylindrical-shaped clasts of fine-grained calcareous and ferruginous rock, each with a central tunnel, occur in shallow marine brackish Miocene sandy deposits of the Egyházasgerge Formation in Hungary. Previously, these have been interpreted as enigmatic biogenic (?) structures. After field and laboratory examination and comparisons with sub-recent rhizoclasts in subsoils developed on Quaternary fine-grained deposits in SE Poland, they are re-interpreted as redeposited rhizocretions possibly washed out of the coeval continental deposits of the Salgótarján Lignite Formation. Most are fragmented and abraded. They are termed rhizoclasts and are presented as an example of zombie structures inherited from another environment where they played a different role. Such rhizoclasts can be considered as an indicator of the source of the clastic material transported from a vegetated landmass on which moderate or poorly drained soils develop and plant roots penetrate the fine-grained substrate. In such soils, iron was mobilized, then fixed by oxidation, as the water table and oxygen levels fluctuated.

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Revision of the trace fossil Megagrapton Książkiewicz, 1968 with focus on Megagrapton aequale Seilacher, 1977 from the lower Eocene of the Lesser Caucasus in Georgia

Uchman Alfred, Lebanidze Zurab, Beridze Tamar, Kobakhidze Nino, Lobzhanidze Koba, Khutsishvili Sophio, Chagelishvili Rusudan, Makadze Davit, Koiava Kakha, Khundadze Nino

Geological Quarterly

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2022

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Vol. 66, No. 1

art. no. 8

EN

Megagrapton Książkiewicz, 1968 is a characteristic deep-sea trace fossil belonging to the group of graphoglyptids and mostly preserved as a network of irregular meshes in hypichnial semirelief. So far, eleven ichnospecies have been distinguished under this ichnogenus, though commonly on weak evidence. The so-far poorly known ichnospecies Megagrapton aequale Seilacher, 1977 is described here on the basis of the numerous, newly discovered specimens from deep-sea siliciclastic deposits of the Bolevani Subsuite (lower Eocene) in the Lesser Caucasus of Georgia, together with other collections and published examples. A neotype of this ichnospecies is designated and the diagnosis emended. M. aequale occurs in lower Cambrian to upper Miocene deep-sea turbiditic deposits, mostly in the Paleogene. It is characterized by relatively small, variable meshes, which have mostly irregular sub-pentagonal, sub-hexagonal or sub-heptagonal shapes that are variable in size and are bordered by curved or straight semicircular ridges. It has been mistaken for Paleodictyon, which forms regular hexagonal nets. Paleodictyon imperfectum Seilacher, 1977 is included in M. aequale as the ichnosubspecies M. a. imperfectum, which is characterized by relatively thin bordering ridges. After critical analysis of all ichnospecies, only M. irregulare Książkiewicz, 1968, M. submontanum (Azpeitia Moros, 1933), and M. aequale are recommended for further use. These are distinguished on the basis of the prevailing morphology of the meshes, irrespective of large differences in morphometric parameters within the ichnospecies. Irredictyon chaos Vialov, 1972 is included in M. irregulare as the ichnosubspecies M. i. chaos, which is characterized by relatively thick bordering ridges. Megagrapton is interpreted as a cast of a subsurface open burrow network with a few connections to the sea floor. The burrows probably functioned as a trap for small organisms (ethological subcategory irretichnia).

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Deep-sea trace fossils from the Numidian Formation (Upper Oligocene–Lower Miocene) in the Ouarsenis Mountains, northwestern Algeria

Menzoul Bouabdellah, Uchman Alfred, Adaci Mohamed, Bensalah Mustapha

Geological Quarterly

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2022

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Vol. 66, No. 2

art. no. 12

EN

Trace fossils and lithofacies have been studied for the first time in the Numidian Formation (Upper Oligocene–Lower Miocene) of the Ouarsenis Mountains in Algeria to interpret their depositional environment. Twenty-two ichnogenera have been recognized in eight lithofacies of three main facies associations in four representative sections. Distribution of the trace fossils is dependent on the facies. Most trace fossils are dominated by post-depositional forms (62%) and occur in fine-grained, thin-bedded sandstones of facies F4. They belong to the Ophiomorpha rudis, Paleodictyon and the Nereites ichnosubfacies of the Nereites ichnofacies. The O. rudis ichnosubfacies is recorded in 1) medium- to very thick-bedded sandstones of the facies association FA1, interbedded with thinner sandstone beds of the facies F2 and F4 in the upper unit of the sections studied, which were deposited in channel fill and levee-overbank environments, and in 2) medium- to thin-bedded sandstones of the facies association FA2 in the lower unit of the Kef Maiz and the Ain Ghanem sections, which were deposited in isolated narrow channels within the mud-dominated part of the depositional system and occasionally fed with turbiditic sand. The Paleodictyon ichnosubfacies occurs in thin- to medium-bedded sandstones (FA2) of the lower units in the Ain Ghanem and Kef Maiz sections and the lowest part of the upper unit of the Kef Maiz section, which were deposited in channel margin or foremost channel-to-levee-overbank areas. The Nereites ichnosubfacies is recorded in thin-bedded sandstones (FA2), which were deposited in crevasse-splays or small lobes on a basin floor invaded occasionally by turbidites against a background of pelagic and hemipelagic sedimentation.

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Unusual echinoid resting trace records change in the position of the redox boundary (Palaeogene of the Lesser Caucasus in Georgia)

Uchman Alfred, Lebanidze Zurab, Kobakhidze Nino, Beridze Tamar, Makadze Davit, Lobzhanidze Koba, Khutsishvili Sophio, Chagelishvili Rusudan, Koiava Kakha, Khundadze Nino

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2022

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Vol. 72, no. 3

317--330

EN

The first recognition of a tracemaker responding to a temporary shift in the redox boundary is recognized. This is recorded by a new trace fossil, Sursumichnus orbicularis igen. et isp. nov., which is established for mound-like structures on the upper surfaces of sandstone beds from the Borjomi Flysch (upper Paleocene–lower Eocene) in the Lesser Caucasus (Georgia). It is connected with the spatangoid echinoid burrow Scolicia de Quatrefages, 1849 and interpreted as a resting trace of the same tracemaker produced after moving up from a deeper position within the sediment. The resting is caused by an episode of unfavourable conditions related to shallowing of the redox boundary. The trace fossil is a component of the Nereites ichnofacies.

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Sedimentary environments and stratigraphy of the Stipinai Formation (Upper Frasnian, northern Lithuania) : a sedimentary record of sea-level changes in the Main Devonian Field of the East European Platform

Jaglarz Piotr, Rychliński Tomasz, Filipiak Paweł, Uchman Alfred, Vainorius Julius

Geological Quarterly

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2021

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Vol. 65, No. 4

art. no. 52

EN

The Frasnian carbonate-siliciclastic deposits of the Stipinai Formation exposed in two quarries at Petrašiūnai and Klovainiai (northern Lithuania) show considerable vertical facies changes. The lower part of this succession is dominated by argillaceous dolomitic facies with subordinate fine siliciclastic deposits. They display haloturbation and bioturbation structures, represent a hypersaline lagoonal environment, and record the beginning of the transgression. The middle part of the succession consists of secondary dolostones containing moulds of brachiopods, tetracorals, stromatoporoids and trace fossils of deposit feeders; these were deposited in a shallow subtidal marine environment and represent the deepest sedimentary environment of this succession. This was followed by a lagoonal environment (episodic hypersaline), represented by dolomudstones and marly dolomudstones. The upper part of the succession is built of bedded dolostones which document a shallowing trend. Intercalations of clays and palaeosol horizons record emergence events. Palynostratigraphic data tentatively indicate that the Stipinai Formation represents the Upper Frasnian. The succession can be interpreted as a record of the upper part of a T-R cycle (related to the semichatovae transgression) in the Main Devonian Field of the East European Platform. The Stipinai Formation is distributed across western and central Latvia and has a correlative in the Pomerania Basin (northern Poland).

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Foraminiferal and calcareous nannoplankton bioevents and changes at the Late Cretaceous : earliest Paleogene transition in the northern margin of Tethys (Hyżne section, Polish Carpathians)

Machaniec Elżbieta Katarzyna, Kowalczewska Oliwia, Jugowiec Małgorzata, Gasiński M. Adam, Uchman Alfred

Geological Quarterly

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2020

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Vol. 64, No. 3

567--588

EN

Foraminifera and calcareous nannoplankton from the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) transition in the Hyżne section (Outer Carpathians, south-eastern Poland) show a relatively complete biostratigraphic record. Despite the absence of the Pα Zone in turbiditic deposits of the Polish Carpathians, the planktonic foraminiferal zones of the Late Cretaceous-Early Paleogene interval are well defined, including (1) the late Maastrichtian Abathomphalus mayaroensis Zone and its equivalents, (2) the earliest Danian Guembelitria cretacea second bloom Zone (P0 Zone), and (3) the top of the early Danian Parasubbotina cf. pseudobulloides (P1a) Zone. The foraminiferal events recorded in the studied section at the K-Pg transition are stratigraphically important. They include: (1) the interval with A. mayaroensis occurrence, (2) the interval with gradual disappearance of planktonic foraminifera from the most complex K-strategy forms, through the less specialized species to the large Heterohelicidae turnovers, and (3) the G. cretacea first and second blooms. Furthermore, the bloom of the opportunistic, benthic Bolivinita sp., the size reduction event, and the dissolution of the tests of the planktonic foraminifera are recorded. The K-Pg interval bioevents can be useful for better stratigraphic resolution of the flysch deposits of the Outer Carpathians. The nannoplankton event is represented by the appearance of Cruciplacolithus primus, which marks the onset of the return to more stable environmental conditions after the perturbations at the K-Pg boundary. The K-Pg boundary occurs within dark grey marly mudstones, above the upper boundary of the G. cretacea first bloom, and above the highest occurrence of the agglutinated foraminifera Goesella rugosa, at the top of the nannofossil CC 26 Zone, and below the deep-water agglutinated foraminifera (DWAF) dominance. The foraminiferal assemblages derive from different bathymetric zones corresponding to (1) the upper bathyal zone in the late Campanian (nannoplankton CC 22 Zone) and early late Maastrichtian (A. mayaroensis Zone), (2) the shelf margin in the latest late Maastrichtian (CC 26 nannoplankton Zone, G. cretacea first bloom), (3) the shelf margin in the earliest Danian (G. cretacea second bloom, Np1/2 Zone), and (4) the middle-lower bathyal depth, below a local foraminiferal lysocline and above CCD, in the latest early Danian (P. pseudobulloides Zone). As the foraminifera could have been redeposited by turbiditic currents, they do not necessarily show real bathymetric changes in the area of deposition. Such changes have not been observed in sedimentary features of the studied deposits. Foraminiferal and nannoplankton assemblages are typical of the “transitional zone” between the Tethyan and Boreal domains.

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New interpretation of the provenance of crystalline material from Oligocene flysch deposits of the Skole Nappe, Poland: evidence from heavy minerals and clasts in the Nowy Borek section

Salata Dorota, Uchman Alfred

Geologos

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2019

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Vol. 25, No. 2

163--174

EN

The Futoma Member (Oligocene, Rupelian) of the Menilite Formation is present only in the northern part of the Skole Nappe. Some diatomitic layers of this member in the Nowy Borek section contain coarse-grained detrital material composed of a variety of metamorphic, volcanic and sedimentary rock fragments. The material derives from primary and secondary sources. Most abundant are debris of metamorphic rocks, mostly gneisses and mica schists. The metamorphic origin of these rocks is confirmed by the composition of heavy mineral assemblages and garnet chemistry. These rocks could have been transported from a local source located close to the margin of the Skole Basin or within that basin. The volcanic rocks reflect Paleogene volcanic activity that was widespread in the Carpathian region. Cherts, which could have been subjected to synsedimentary erosion, may have been derived from the older portions of the same formation.

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Płaszczowina reglowa górna (choczańska) między Doliną Lejową a Doliną Chochołowską w Tatrach

Gaździcka Elżbieta, Gaździcki Andrzej, Filipczak Karolina, Uchman Alfred

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2009

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Vol. 57, nr 1

56-63

EN

The studied area contains the Middle to Upper Triassic successions of the Hronicum domain (Choč Nappe), forming at least three tectonic units. From the bottom to the top, they include: the Furkaska, the Siwa Woda and the Koryciska thrust slices. Sedimentary successions of these units differ in details, but generally they contain: the Ramsau Dolomite (Middle Anisian), Reifling Limestone interfingering with the Partnach Beds (uppermost Anisian-Ladinian), Wetterstein Dolomite (Ladinian-Lower Carnian), Hauptdolomite (Upper Carnian-Norian) and grey fossiliferous limestones of the Norovica Formation (uppermost Norian-Rhaetian). Between the Furkaska and the Siwa Woda thrust slices, calcareous and siliciclastic deposits of the Krína Nappe representing the Fatra and the Kopieniec formations(Rhaetian-Sinemurian) are sandwiched. Thus, within the Triassic successions of the Choč Nappe on the eastern slope of Cisowa Turnia (Lejowa Valley), a new tectonic unit "Pod Cisową" was proposed, which originated from Krína domain.