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Taphonomy of Pleistocene large mammal remains in the deposits of river Raba, southern Poland

Jach Renata, Wojtal Piotr

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2021

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Vol. 91, No. 2

167--187

EN

An assemblage of 120 mammal remains of Pleistocene age has been collected from the fluvial deposits of river Raba at a gravel pit in the village of Targowisko, 30 km east of Kraków, southern Poland. Nearly 100 remains represent woolly mammoth Mammuthus primigenius. Other remains belong to four or five such mammal species as horse Equus ferus, woolly rhinoceros Coelodonta antiquitatis, red deer Cervus elaphus and steppe bison Bison priscus or aurochs Bos primigenius. Pleistocene coarse-grained deposits containing isolated bones, teeth and tusks occur in the lowermost part of the fluvial succession in the open pit, presently inundated by groundwater. The surfaces of the majority of bones and teeth show abrasion damages by fluvial transport, including their rounding and smoothing as well as scratches and grooves. Traces of carnivore activity are visible on mammoth and horse bones. The location, dimension and shape of these marks suggest wolf or cave hyena gnawing.

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Addendum to the chemostratigraphy of the uppermost Callovian–middle Oxfordian interval of the Tethyan Fatricum domain (Tatra Mts, Krížna Nappe, southern Poland)

Jach Renata

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2021

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Vol. 91, No. 4

419--425

EN

New isotope (δ13C, δ18O of bulk carbonates) and carbonate content data from the uppermost Callovian–middle Oxfordian radiolarites of the Fatricum domain belonging to the north-western segment of the Tethys are added to previously published data. The new data supplement the Długa Valley section, the most nearly complete Bajocian–lower Tithonian section of the Krížna Nappe in the Tatra Mts. The uppermost Callovian and Lower Oxfordian bulk δ13C values (from 3.1 to 3.3‰) remain nearly constant with highly positive values. Therefore, the positive excursion identified in bulk carbonate δ13C values is interpreted as a record of the upper Callovian–middle Oxfordian global phenomenon. In this interval, a significant increase of CaCO3 content is recorded, which accompanies facies change from ribbon radiolarites with siliceous shale partings to calcareous radiolarites with rare shale intercalations. The abrupt CaCO3 increase may reflect a turning point in Early Oxfordian carbonate production and recovery of the marine carbonate factory.

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Middle to Late Jurassic carbonate-biosiliceous sedimentation and palaeoenvironment in the Tethyan Fatricum Domain, Krížna Nappe, Tatra Mts, Western Carpathians

Jach Renata, Reháková Daniela

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2019

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Vol. 89, No. 1

1--46

EN

The Jurassic of the Alpine-Mediterranean Tethys was characterized by the formation of several interconnected basins, which underwent gradual deepening and oceanization. Sedimentation in each basin was influenced by a specific set of interrelated factors, such as tectonic activity, seawater circulation, climate, chemistry and trophic state of seawater as well as evolutionary changes of the marine biota. This paper deals with the Fatricum Domain (Central Carpathians, Poland and Slovakia), which in the Jurassic was a pull-apart basin on a thinned continental crust. The sedimentation history of this domain during the Bajocian-Tithonian and its governing factors have been revealed. Facies analysis of the Bajocian-Oxfordian deposits evidences considerable relief of the basin-floor topography. Deposits in the Western Tatra Mts represent sedimentation on a submarine intrabasinal high, whereas the coeval deposits of the eastern part of the Tatra Mts accumulated in a deeper basin. The basin succession began with Bajocian bioturbated “spotted” limestones and siliciclastic mudstones (Fleckenmergel facies). These were succeeded by uppermost Bajocian - middle Bathonian grey nodular limestones, affected by synsedimentary gravitational bulk creep. The coeval deposits of the intrabasinal high are represented by well-washed Bositra-crinoidal limestones with condensed horizons. Uniform radiolarite sedimentation commenced in the late Bathonian and persisted until the early late Kimmeridgian. The basal ribbon radiolarites (upper Bathonian - lower Oxfordian), which consist of alternating chert beds and shale partings, are a record of seawater eutrophication, a related crisis in carbonate production and the rise of the CCD, which collectively resulted in biosiliceous sedimentation. The overlying calcareous radiolarites (middle Oxfordian - lowermost upper Kimmeridgian) marked a gradual return to carbonate sedimentation. The return of conditions that were favourable for carbonate sedimentation took place in the late Kimmeridgian, when the red nodular limestones were deposited. They are partly replaced by basinal platy limestones (uppermost Kimmeridgian - Tithonian) in the Western Tatra Mts. This lateral variation in facies reflects a change in the sedimentary conditions governed by a bathymetric reversal of the seafloor configuration, attributed to a further stage in the pull-apart transcurrent tectonics of the Fatricum Domain.