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EN
Detailed studies on the effects of pulsed laser interference heating on surface characteristics and subsurface microstructure of amorphous Fe80Si11B9 alloy are reported. Laser interference heating, with relatively low pulsed laser energy (90 and 120 mJ), but with a variable number (from 50-500) of consecutive laser pulses permitted to get energy accumulation in heated areas. Such treatment allowed to form two- Dimensional micro-islands of laser-affected material periodically distributed in amorphous matrix. The crystallization process of amorphous FeSiB ribbons was studied by means of scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Detailed microstructural examination showed that the use of laser beam, resulted in development of nanostructure in the heated areas of the amorphous ribbon. The generation of nanocrystalline seed islands created by pulsed laser interference was observed. This key result may evidently give new knowledge concerning the differences in microstructure formed during the conventional and lased induced crystallization the amorphous alloys. Further experiments are needed to clarify the effect of pulsed laser interference crystallization on magnetic properties of these alloys.
EN
Seeding of cells on functional, biocompatible scaffolds is a crucial step in achieving the desired engineered tissue. The authors show the constructional solutions of the Nd:YAG pulse laser system with the Q-switch modulation for direct and interferential shaping of the surface of biocompatible materials. The two-channel interference system is distinguished by high control, simplicity and repetitiveness regarding laser energy level and dimensions of the surface structures. The experiments were conducted on hard, biocompatible substrates of amorphous carbon (diamond-like carbon, DLC) and were preliminarily tested on smooth muscle cell depositions.
EN
In this work, we present the elaboration of nanostructured powders of cerium dioxide (Ce02.z) and ruthenium dioxide Ru02 by sol gel wute and their catalytic activities in presence of air methane mixtures. Prom Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the conversion rate of CH4 into C02 and H20 was determined as function of time. Nanostructured powders of Ce02 and Ru02 presented very different activities in presence of air-CH4 flows. We propose a semi-empirical Avrami' s approach of catalytic kinetics for these two different systems exposed to gas reduction during long times.
EN
Transmission electron microscopy, XPS analysis, electrical conductivity and diffusion measurements have allowed us to show the microstructure-transport property relation in ZrO2- 9.0mol% Y2O3 (YSZ) and Al2O3-YSZ composites. Samples with no detectable amorphous grain boundary precipitates show the highest grain boundary electrical conductivity (...gb) and oxygen diffusion coefficient (Do) values, which decrease in presence of alumina additions. On the contrary, alumina additions = or<2 mol%) lead to an increase of the transport properties of samples showing grain boundary glassy films. These results were attributed to a decrease of the grain boundary wettability by the glassy phase when the alumina amount increases. Furthermore, the same grain boundary activation energy found for the different samples show that only "clean" grain boundaries contribute to the transport processes.
EN
The microstructure grain boundary relation in yttria-doped zirconia has been investigated on polycrystals sintered from powders prepared through two different processing routes. Samples with no evidence for continuous glassy boundary films show the highest grain boundary conductivities (sigma gb) which decrease in presence of alumina additions. On the contrary, samples with boundary glassy films show an increase of sigma gb for small alumina additions (< or = 2 mole%) do likely to a change in the glass phase composition. The same sigma gb activation energy found for the different samples suggests that only "clean" grain-boundaries contribute to the transport processes.
EN
Ultra fine powders were prepared either by freeze-drying (VO2, Y2O3-doped ZrO2, CeO2) or by the alum process (550 and 1650 ppm by wt MgO-doped Al2O3). X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analysis reveal that the as-prepared particles were well crystallized after thermal decomposition of the precursor. The average crystallite size is a function of the calcination temperature and of the amount of dopant; MgO acting as a grain growth inhibitor of the alumina grains, due likely to the high segregation of Mg at the periphery of the grains shows by XPS analysis.
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