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Ash admixtures formed during the loss on ignition (LOI) procedure and their impact on laser textural analysis results

Tsvirko Dmitry, Tołoczko Wojciech, Kittel Piotr

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

2024

Vol. 50, no. 2

155--174

We present an experimental study that explores the feasibility of using the ash from biogenic deposits for laser textural analysis. The results have demonstrated that conducting ash textural analysis without prior chemical treatment can lead to unreliable results. Among other things, this is due to the “contamination” of the ash with aggregates formed by metal oxides and carbonates during ignition (LOI550 procedure) in a muffle furnace. Metal oxides and carbonates can create aggregates with silt and clay grains. As a result, the material coarsens, mainly to very coarse and coarse silt fractions. It is illustrated that the ash after LOI550 has been contaminated with oxides and carbonates of iron (Fe), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), sodium (Na), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb) and copper (Cu). Thus, we suggest a method of using 10% HCl to purify the ash from metal oxides and carbonates (so-called ash purification procedure or APP). The analysis in this paper focuses on the grain size composition of ash, both untreated and HCl-treated. The obtained results have been compared and discussed in detail.

Fractional Composition of Organic Matter and Properties of Humic Acids in the Soils of Drained Bogs of the Siedlce Heights in Eastern Poland

Becher Marcin, Tołoczko Wojciech, Godlewska Agnieszka, Pakuła Krzysztof, Żukowski Emil

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2022

Vol. 23, nr 4

208--222

The studied bogs of the Siedlce Heights in eastern Poland are currently undergoing decession. In the course of pedological studies, a significant modification of the structure of soil profiles caused by the murshing process was found. The total contents of carbon and nitrogen values (TC/TN = 11.1–17.3) obtained in the study, as well as slight acidification (pHKCl 5.42–6.15) indicate the eutrophy of the studied soil environment, high biological activity and a significant degree of organic matter processing as a result of the processes of mineralization and humification. In addition, the upper levels covered by the process of murshing, compared to peat, are characterized by lower carbon content and, most often, similar nitrogen content. In the studied soils, humic substances are mostly represented by the fraction of humic acids. As a consequence, high values of the quotient expressing quantitative relations between soil humus fractions (HAs/FAs) were noted. For all profiles, the highest share of fulvic acids was recorded in turf murshic levels (M1). The occurrence of the most mature humic acids was found in the peat levels not covered by secondary transformation processes after dehydration.