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1 TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

1 2025

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Project OPTIMISM: Novel Means of Finding Root Causes of Accidents and Incidence at Sea and Port, as Well as Identifying Key Factors for Improved Safety from Ship Audit and Inspection

Ziarati Reza, de Melo Rodriguez Germán, Koivisto Heikki, Uriasz Janusz, Singh Lakhvir, Barzegarsedigh Amirehsan, Makar Canessa, Chronopoulos Aris

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

2025

Vol. 19 No. 2

399--405

This paper presents a set of methodologies for analysing accident investigation reports to enhance learning from past incidents. While these reports are primarily designed to prevent accident recurrence, they often overlook key contributing factors such as personal, organisational, and cultural influences—particularly leadership practices and potential mental health issues that may have played a role. Moreover, accident investigation reports vary in quality and do not always adhere to standardised frameworks, limiting their effectiveness. This paper proposes a novel approach to accident analysis, offering a structured method to distinguish whether an accident is crew-related or company-related - an essential differentiation, as these factors require distinct management and preventive measures. The study draws on findings from multiple recent projects, analysing over 1000 accident reports to develop a new taxonomy. This taxonomy aims to facilitate a more systematic approach to accident analysis while identifying management deficiencies and crew-related challenges, ultimately improving safety and operational practices.