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2 Nukleonika

2 2024

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The influence of method precision on assessing radiological hazards for patients using radium water in balneotherapy

Lemańska Joanna, Isajenko Krzysztof, Wiatr Karol, Piotrowska Barbara, Matysiak Agnieszka, Norenberg Maciej, Jednorog Slawomir

Nukleonika

2024

Vol. 69, No. 2

87--91

The influence of uncertainty on the method adopted for the determination of radioactive radium concentration in water was analyzed due to the assessment of the radiation hazards of balneotherapy. For the calculation, we considered the influence of the bath in radioactive water containing only 226Ra. 226Ra concentration was determined with two γ-spectrometers armed with HPGe detectors with different relative efficiencies. Both spectrometers were energy-efficiency calibrated with a calibration source and based on numerical simulations. Different methods for qualitative γ-spectrum analysis were adopted. The emanation method and the liquid scintillation method were also used. The uncertainty of humans hazard assessment linearly depends on the adopted radiometric method precision. For effective dose calculation, two models were adopted: the model of external exposure proposed by ICRP Publication 144 and the Reference Men model proposed by ICRP Publication 23, respectively.

Radiation impact of ashes from the combustion of bottom sediments in a municipal sewage treatment plant, Czajka, located in Warsaw, Poland

Neffe Sławomir, Lemańska Joanna, Fliszkiewicz Bartłomiej, Jednorog Slawomir

Nukleonika

2024

Vol. 69, No. 2

107--111

The aim of the present research was to assess the radiological importance of the fly ashes generated from the incineration of sludge from the “Czajka” sewage treatment plant located in Warsaw, Poland. The γ-spectrometry technique was employed for their radiometry. The high purity germanium (HPGe) detector was mathematically energy-efficiency calibrated. The ash samples were measured two times, i.e., after 24 days and after 3 months of storage. Storage was supposed to provide a radioactive equilibrium. Radionuclides from three natural decay series, i.e., uranium–radium, uranium–actinium, and thorium, were detected in the ash samples. Apart from these, 40K, 137Cs, and 7 Be were also detected. The indicated levels of radionuclides do not produce radioactive hazards, regardless of the method used for further management.