The teritory of five countries is included in the project work: - Southern part of Austria and north east Italy, - Croatia, Bosnia and Hercegovina and Slovenia. For the purpose of harmonization of the activities we organised two meetings of representatives of these countries. First meeting was in Ljubljana but without representatives of Italy and Bosnia and Hercegovina. The second meeting was in Zagreb. The protocols of both meetings were send to the representatives of all countries. It was planed to geatherd the reports of all coutries but in this moment I can present only the report of activities in Slovenia.
Central Europe Regional Geodynamic Project (CERGOP) in Slovenia includes GPS measurements on 5 sites. Within the first part of the project during years 1994-1997, measurements were performed on one site (Ljubljana), and during the CERGOP-2 extension in years 1999-2005 additional 4 sites were added (Božica, Malija, Snežnik and Mrzlica). However, till now measurements on the three sites only (Ljubljana, Božica and Malija) have been completed. Obtained data show similar sense and amount of horizontal displacements. They exhibit general northward movement of sites at the average velocity of 3 mm/yr. This is in accordance with results obtained from other sites of cirkum-Adriatic region, and it confirms the northward movement of the Adriatic microplate towards the “stable” Eurasian plate. In Slovenia, a northward oriented δ1 tensor have been also obtained from several tens of earthquake fault plane solution. Slight defferences in sense and velocity of displacements among particular sites could be explained by the influence of local structures. In Slovenia, they belong to the Periadriatic dextral shear zone, to the Dinaric dextral shear zone, and to the Transdanubian sinistral shear zone. However, the real dynamics of particular structures, among which some also express co-seismic creep, will be possible to determine only by GPS measurements over a denser network of sites.
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Central Europe Regional Geodynamic Project (CERGOP) in Slovenia includes GPS measurements on 5 sites. Within the first part of the project during years 1994-1997, measurements were performed on one site (Ljubljana), and during the CERGOP-2 extension in years 1999-2005 additional 4 sites were added (Bozica, Malija, Sneznik and Mrzlica). However, till now measurements on the three sites only (Ljubljana, Bozica and Malija) have been completed. Obtained data show similar sense and amount of horizontal displacements. They exhibit general northward movement of sites at the average velocity of 3 mm/yr. This is in accordance with results obtained from other sites of circum-Adriatic region, and it confirms the northward movement of the Adriatic microplate towards the "stable" Eurasian plate. In Slovenia, a northward oriented Q] tensor have been also obtained from several tens of earthquake fault plane solution. Slight differences in sense and velocity of displacements among particular sites could be explained by the influence of local structures. In Slovenia, they belong to the Periadriatic dextral shear zone, to the Dinaric dextral shear zone, and to the Transdanubian sinistral shear zone. However, the real dynamics of particular structures, among which some also express co-seismic creep, will be possible to determine only by GPS measurements over a denser network of sites.
Slovenia is situated in a region with strong earthquakes. In addition to international cooperation in CERGOP II, local measurements of recent movements are performed in Slovenia. The results of measurements of large power locations, i.e. of Coal Mine and Steam Power Station Velenje and Nuclear Power Station Krsko, are presented.
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The region of sub project Crustal Movements in the Eastern Alps and Northern Mediterranean is one of the most interesting geodynamic areas. There were a lot of very strong earthquakes in Europe. Therefore was already some local network stabilised and observed. In frame of CERGOP 2 is established WP10.1. Presented is in tectonics of central region; Slovenia and Istria. On base of uphill now measurements was selected some point covering all region.
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The region of sub project Crustal Movements in the Eastern Alps and Northern Mediterranean is one of the most interesting geodynamic areas. There were a lot of very strong earthquakes in Europe. Therefore was already some local network stabilised and observed. In frame of CERGOP 2 is established WP 10.1. Presented is in tectonics of central region; Slovenia and Istria. on base of uphill now measurements was selected some point covering all region.
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Slovenia is situated in a region with strong earthquakes. In addition to international cooperation in CERGOP II, local measurements of recent movements are performed in Slovenia. The results of measurements of large power locations, i.e. of Coal Mine and Steam Power Station Velenje and Nuclear Power Station Krsko, are presented.
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Slovenia is situated in a region with strong earthquakes. In addition to international cooperation in CERGOP II, local measurements of recent movements are performed in Slovenia. The results of measurements of large power locations, i.e. of Coal Mine and Steam Power Station Velenje and Nuclear Power Station Krsko, are presented.
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For the precise heighting by GPS it is necessary to know the plane of the geoid, which can be determined by astronomical or gravimetrical measurements and by combination of GPS and levelling. The most of the Istria region is relatively plain country, with the exception of the mount. Ucka region. But the region is too large to be presentation as the plane. We attempted to determine itas a sphere and later on as an ellipsoid, which turned out to give excellent results.in this manner also we can control the rough errors of levelling network.
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The tectonic map of Slovenian Karst in Istria with the latest displacements determined is presented. On the base of this tectonic map and recent displacements determination in the framework of the CERGOP II, the project operating with GPS measurements on the line between permanent stations Pula - Vilach is presented. At faults with a narrow breaking zone there are foreseen also the classic measurements with the precise distancemeter Kern Mekometer ME 5000 and with a precise theodollite.
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The article aims at presenting the implementation of different deformation analysis approaches for determining - on the basis of geodetic observations and with the use of statistical methods-the three-dimensional displacements of a given object. On the test example of a simulated network the analysis of the Hannover, Asanin an Mihailovic approaches has been carried out. Additionally, a comparison regarding the efficiency of stable point identyfication according to the deformation analysis approaches has been made.
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The tectonic map of Slovenian and Istrian Karst with the latest displacements is presented. On the basis of the tectonic map and determination of recent displacements, the project Crustal movements in the Eastern Alps and Northern Mediterranean in the framework of CERGOP II operating with GPS measurements is presented. Furthermore, the probality of counter clock-wise rotation are discussed.
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For an accurate determination of vertical shifts in geodynamics the precise compared levelling rods are indispensable. The modern standards of lenght and digital technology make it possible both the traditional line graduation and the coded graduation of levelling rods including automatic evaluation of the measuring values. We have renewed the old Zeiss Longtudinal Comparator. The precision and speed of comparison of all types of the levelling rods with a modernised comparator is comparable to laser interferometer comparators.
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The research project "The Geodynamics at the North Mediterranean" was prepared on the basis of the geodynamics research in the framework of the CERGOP II project. Results obtained so far are presented, as well the project, in which the Italy, Slovenia and Croatia participate in the united project about the Geodynamics of the Adriatic Plate at the juncture of the European and African Plates.
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The use of GNSS measurements in Slovenia at the end of 1990 was the first of any satellite positioning technique at the territory of Slovenia. Unfortunately, there were no precedent activities in space geodesy such a Doppler, SLR or VLBI measurements. Since the end of 1991 GPS technology was used continuosly on a variety of tasks. At the begining GPS technology was used for the local control of fiducial points for the establishment of the new densification networks. After the connection of the territory of Slovenia to the EUREF (EUropean REference Frame), started the establishment of slovenian GPS reference network. At the moment activities for the establishment of the active GPS network of Slovenia are in progress.
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On the basis of triangular measurements done in 1954 and GPS measurements done in 1994 the neotectonic shifts along Orliśki fault were determinated. These measurements were used by Gelogogists who have determined the stabile points for the future measurements. Measurement points have been stabilised on the new way. Ali directions and distances in the net have been determined. Up to now three measuremts were completed. On the basis of the adjustmet the new coordinates have been obtained and by those the shifts along the Orliśki fault have been determined. The GPS geodynamic net was also stabilised and observed. This net covers the whole environment of the Krsko valley. Unfortunatelly, only the zero measurement was observed so far.
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In the seventies, seismological studics in Slovenia were complcmented by geodetic measurements. The measuring inslruments, measuring methods and data-processing algorithms employcd have enabled conclusions on the stability or nonstability of a specific area in sometimes a relative short time periods. Geodetic networks havc bccn set up along tectonic faults and arę locatcd in the most interesting parts of Slovene territory. Changes in the positions of nctwork points arę determincd on the basis of terrestrial measuremenls perfomied in selected time intervals. Recently, thcsc standard measurements have been joined and complemented by GPS measurements.This contnbution presents the dcvelopment of geodetic measurcments of tectonic movemcnts in Slovenia from 1977 to the present. Extremely prccise measurements, which frcquently do no receive sufficicnL (financial) support, arc ablc lo confirm the stability or nonstabilily of an observed area and complement seismological (geological) hypotheses and theorics.
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In the seventies, seismological studies in Slovenia were complemented by geodetic measurements. The measuring instruments, measuring methods and data-processing algorithms employed have enabled conclusions on the stability or nonstability of a specific area in sometimes a relative short time periods. Geodetic networks have been set up along tectonic faults and are located in the most interesting parts of Slovene territory. Changes in the positions of network points are determined on the basis of terrestrial measurements performed in selected time intervals. Recently, these standard measurements have been joined and complemented by GPS measurements.This contribution presents the development of geodetic measurements of tectonic movements in Slovenia from 1977 to the present. Extremely precise measurements, which frequently do no receive sufficient (financial) support, are able to confirm the stability or nonstability of an observed area and complement seismological (geological) hypotheses and theories.
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