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1 2025

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Time delay effect in double excited human middle ear

Zablotni Robert, Dabrowa Weronika, Szmit Zofia, Rusinek Rafał

Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal

2025

Vol. 19, no. 1

88--94

In cases of significant hearing loss affecting the auditory ossicles, it is possible to attach an implant. In such cases, the implant is responsible for the movement of the stapes. However, the eardrum is not removed, it remains in the system, forcing movement of the first auditory ossicle – the malleus. The aim of this research is to present the results of stapes vibrations in the human ear with an implant under dual excitation both from the eardrum and the implant using Lumped Parameter Model with 5 degrees of freedom. The model incorporates the masses of all three auditory ossicles, as well as additional masses from the implant. The delay in the system caused by the signal reaching the implant is also considered. The results relate to work that was later transformed into an ASTM standard for ear testing ensuring the accuracy of the findings.