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Geographical Origin and Solvent Type Impact on Inula viscosa (L.) Aiton Grown in El Menzel – Morocco – Insights into Bioactivity and Applications

Tlemcani Sara, El Ouadrhiri Faiçal, Hmamou Anouar, Lahkimi Amal, Touijer Hanane, Kara Mohammed, Idrissi Amine Mounadi, Bekkari Hicham

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2024

Vol. 25, iss. 2

168--177

Geographical origin and environmental factors have a significant impact on the constituents and the biological properties of medicinal and aromatic plants. Herein, the Inula viscosaplant grown in El Menzel – Morocco were investigated with a focus on the impact of geographical province and solvent type on the mass yield and the biological activities of plant extracts. Chemical composition was characterized by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Antimicrobial activity was determined using the disk diffusion method and the microdilution test against eight clinical fungal, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial isolates. The chemical composition results showed that the plant has good nutritional quality in terms of protein, carbohydrates, lipids and dietary fiber. In fact, alkaloids and saponisides are the most predominant chemical compounds in Inula vuscosa. Meanwhile, eighty volatile compounds were identified, representing 95% of the total essential oil content, the main component of which is tetra-pentacontane (11.26%). Furthermore, results showed high antioxidant activity, with efficacy increasing in the order: essential oil > chloroform extract > ethereal extract > ethanolic extract. In addition, both chloroformic extract and essential oil demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against all strains tested. This study highlights the influence of geographical variations and extraction solvents on the bioactivity of Inula viscosa, offering insights into its potential applications in pharmacology and nutraceuticals.

Simple and Combined Pretreatment of a Mixture of Forestry and Aromatic-Medicinal Plant Waste by Chemical, Physical and Enzymatic Methods

Bendaoud Ahmed, Belkhiri Abdelkhalek, Maai Mohamed, Moubchir Tarik, Hmamou Anouar, Tlemcani Sara, Eloutassi Noureddine, Lahkimi Amal

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2023

Vol. 24, nr 4

376--383

Forestry waste (FW) extracted parts ofmedicinal-aromatic plant waste (EPW) and unused parts (UPW) are considered potential resources for energy recovery (their heating value of approximately 19 MJ/kg).In order to valorize lignocellulosic biomass, a pretreatment process is required to hydrolyze the recalcitrant lignocellulosic complex into fermentable simple sugars. The aim of this study is to determine the best method of pretreatment that takes into account treatment time, efficiency, and environmental friendliness. The mixture of FW, EPW, and UPW was treated by simple and combined treatment using different methods like acid sulfuric (Ac), steam explosion (SE), and enzymatic (E) (cellulase and hemicellulase).The results showed that the combined and simple Ac treatments are the mostefficient compared with SE and E treatments in the hydrolysis of polysaccharide of cellulose with a rate respectively of 90.5% and 77.6% and hemicellulose with a rate respectively of 80.63% and 87.14%. In addition, both of the preceding methods release an important rate of total phenolic compounds. Combined treatment demands high time but is friendly (approximately 1 day), and Ac treatment is less time-consuming (about 25 min) but harmful to the environment and causes the corrosion of equipment.In conclusion, combined treatment can be the best method and the high time required can be reduced with the progress of the research.