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Negative Environmental Impacts of Production Technologies

Besta Petr, Janovská Kamila, Martínek Zdeněk, Švecová Eva, Drastich Adam

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

2022

Tom 24

307--325

The current market environment is affected by several fundamental changes. A large number of these affect manufacturing companies the most. They are forced to continuously reduce their costs, improve the quality of service to their customers and adapt to a highly competitive environment. However, environmental requirements for production processes have become increasingly important in recent years. These are underpinned by legislative changes that put enormous pressure on manufacturers. Often, environmental requirements can also determine the economic success of a manufacturer. The areas that have a significant environmental impact include metallurgical technologies. These are currently predominantly based on the use of coke, which is produced from high-quality hard coal. The mining of raw materials also has significant environmental impacts. The article deals with analysing downstream production processes regarding their environmental impact. These are the areas of mining, ore processing and iron and steel production. These areas can be seen as downstream production stages. Iron ore processing and iron and steel production often occur within a single production organisation. Therefore, a possible overall optimisation in handling environmental impacts and treating pollutants can be assumed. The secondary objective of the paper is to analytically assess the potential reuse of the produced waste in production processes. The article is based on the research results carried out in a selected metallurgical enterprise in the Czech Republic.

Environment and Risks of Iron Production

Besta Petr, Kozel Roman, Janovská Kamila, Vilamová Šárka, Foltan Drahomir, Piecha Marian

Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska

2020

Tom 22, cz. 1

181--195

Iron production is one of the production processes that create a large number of negative externalities towards their surroundings. Iron production is based on the use of a wide range of production operations, which include not only the blast furnace process but also the treatment and processing of ores, sintering, pelletizing and processing of metallurgical waste and its possible storage. All parts of the blast furnace process can have a negative impact on the environment. Within the individual parts of the blast furnace plant, a number of pollutants are produced which negatively affect the environment. They can have both solid and gaseous states. In the case of solid emissions, it is airborne dust, and the gaseous form represents pollutants in the form of sulphur, nitrogen or carbon oxides. From the point of view of the blast furnace plant structure itself, blast furnace, agglomeration processes, palletization processes or the processing of waste from production can be classified as emission points. The article deals with the classification of basic impacts of blast furnace production on the environment. It analyses in detail the negative externalities in ore sintering. It also deals with the analysis of research, which was focused on the degree of reduction of iron oxides ore. The efficiency of the reduction process is crucial in terms of resource use, but also the overall amount of negative externalities. The research was carried out in the environment of a selected iron producer in the Czech Republic.