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ISTLAB – new way of utilizing a simulator system in testing & demonstration of intelligent shipping technology and training of future maritime professionals

Ahvenjärvi S., Lahtinen J., Löytökorpi M., Marva M. M.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2021

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Vol. 15 No. 3

569--574

EN

Exploitation of new technology has a strong impact on the role of the human maritime professional. New knowledge and new skills are needed. This is a challenge for institutions responsible for education of the maritime professionals. The education system is challenged by the following facts: Firstly, the typical lifetime of a commercial ship is several times longer than the typical age of a generation of a computer-based system or application. Secondly, the graduating student should possess necessary skills and knowledge to work efficiently and safely on board a 30-year-old ship and a brand-new ship with the latest technology. Thirdly, the STCW convention by IMO must be strictly applied in education of seafarers, which makes it difficult for the education institutions to include necessary contents on the latest technology in the curriculum. In this paper, the challenge of education of maritime professionals is discussed and the possibilities of modern simulator technology in testing and demonstration of intelligent shipping solutions and in training of seafarers are presented. Satakunta University of Applied Sciences has established a simulator-based environment, called Intelligent Shipping Technology Test Laboratory (ISTLAB), for development of new applications and for training of maritime professionals to cope with emerging intelligent shipping solutions such as remote monitoring and control of ships and remote pilotage. The structure and functions of the ISTLAB system, remote pilotage as its primary use case, and possible ways of using it in research and education are presented. International co-operation in research of remote pilotage is discussed in the end of the paper.

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Safe information exchange on board of the ship

Ahvenjärvi S., Czarnowski I., Kåla J., Kyster A., Meyer I., Mogensen J., Szyman P.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2019

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Vol. 13, no. 1

165--171

EN

The first ever attempt at fully autonomous dock-to-dock operation has been tested and demonstrated successfully at the end of 2018. The revolutionary shift is feared to have a negative impact on the safety of navigation and the getting of real-time situation awareness. Especially, the centralized context onboard could be changed to a distributed context. In navigation safety domain, monitoring, control, assessment of dangerous situations, support of operators of decision-making support system should be implemented in real time. In the context of autonomous ships, decision-making processes will play an important role under such ocean autonomy, therefore the same technologies should consist of adequate system intelligence. At the same time, situation awareness is the key element of the decision-making processes. Although there is substantial research on situation awareness measurement techniques, they are not suitable to directly execute quantitative processing for the situation awareness of autonomous ships navigation. Hence, a novel quantitative model of situation awareness is firstly proposed based on the system safety control structure of remotely controlled vessel. The data source is greatly limited, but the main result still indicates that the probability of operator lose adequate situation awareness of the autonomous ship is significantly higher than the conventional ship. Finally, the paper provides a probabilistic theory and model for high-level abstractions of situation awareness to guide future evaluation of the navigation safety of autonomous ships.

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The Human Element and Autonomous Ships

Ahvenjärvi S.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2016

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Vol. 10, no. 3

517--521

EN

The autonomous ship technology has become a “hot” topic in the discussion about more efficient, environmentally friendly and safer sea transportation solutions. The time is becoming mature for the introduction of commercially sensible solutions for unmanned and fully autonomous cargo and passenger ships. Safety will be the most interesting and important aspect in this development. The utilization of the autonomous ship technology will have many effects on the safety, both positive and negative. It has been announced that the goal is to make the safety of an unmanned ship better that the safety of a manned ship. However, it must be understood that the human element will still be present when fully unmanned ships are being used. The shore-based control of a ship contains new safety aspects and an interesting question will be the interaction of manned and unmanned ships in the same traffic area. The autonomous ship technology should therefore be taken into account on the training of seafarers. Also it should not be forgotten that every single control algorithm and rule of the internal decision making logic of the autonomously navigating ship has been designed and coded by a human software engineer. Thus the human element is present also in this point of the lifetime navigation system of the autonomous ship.