Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

The importance of land use type in Fallopia (Reynoutria) japonica invasion in the urban environment

Chmura D., Nejfeld P., Borowska M., Woźniak G., Nowak T., Tokarska-Guzik B.

Polish Journal of Ecology

|

2013

|

Vol. 61, nr 2

379--384

EN

In total 273 stands of the invasive species Fallopia (Reynoutria) japonica in Oświęcim valley (southern Poland) were examined, in terms of cover, area, abundance, height and width of shoots, and presence of coexisting species. F. japonica occurred more frequently in wastelands and was the rarest in forests. Statistical analyses revealed some significant differences among habitats with particular traits. The most abundant populations, occupying the largest area, were recorded in wetlands and along railway lines. Populations were very diverse in terms of their percentage of flowering shoots within a particular type of habitat, however, the highest percentage was again observed in wetlands and along railways. In forests, gardens and in wastelands the contribution of flowering shoots was lower. The presence of accompanying species in the studied populations was generally low, most frequently stands of F. japonica were mono-specific with a slightly higher cover of accompanying species being recorded in F. japonica populations in forests. The highest proportion of the tallest shoots within a patch of F. japonica was observed in wetlands, while the lowest was in wastelands and in railways. The individuals with the thickest shoots were present in forests and wetlands and the thinnest in wastelands. Despite the simplified nature of the data collection the study demonstrated that F. japonica is more vigorous and forms larger stands occupying larger areas in some of the analyzed habitats. The study showed that in manmade habitats the considered species has favourable conditions for its development and further spread and this is of concern to conservationists and land managers as it can pose a threat to native biodiversity.

2

Distribution patterns and habitat preferences of mountain vascular plant species in the Silesian uplands (southern Poland)

Nowak T., Urbisz A., Kapusta P., Tokarska-Guzik B.

Polish Journal of Ecology

|

2011

|

Vol. 59, nr 2

219-234

EN

The descent of some mountain species into the lowlands is an interesting phenomenon in plant geography and ecology. The main purpose of the present study is to update the list of mountain species for the Silesian Uplands and to provide a synthesis of the knowledge accumulated to date on the habitats for their occurrence, a possible origin and their distribution patterns. In the present study, both the authors. own records and those obtained by other researchers have been used: published, unpublished and herbarium records, and assembled in a form compatible with the Atlas of distribution of vascular plants in Poland (ATPOL) in the ATPOL.Silesia database). A list of mountain species present in the study region (approximately 4000 km2) is provided in relation to their altitudinal groups. For each species, information about its affiliation to geographical elements and the type of habitats in which it has occurred is recorded. The distribution of mountain species in the Silesian Uplands has been investigated by mapping the species onto a grid of 2 x 2 km squares (1040 in total). For ATPOL squares, containing at least one mountain species (N = 647), CORINE land cover data were obtained and used in explaining the distribution of mountain species composition and richness. In the vascular flora of the Silesian Uplands 76 mountain taxa have been noted, including 2 submontane, 41 montane, 1 subalpine nd 32 multizonal species. The list of mountain species has been supplemented with Lonicera nigra and Cirsium erisithales. Many mountain species occurring in the Silesian Uplands have localities distributed throughout the whole region and thus they do not represent any particular type of range. Some species show certain patterns of distribution associated with local habitat conditions. Stands of the montane species are concentrated mainly in the western part of the Silesian Uplands, while the multizonal species are concentrated in the eastern and central part of the study area. Most of the mountain species occur in natural habitats, in particular in broadleaved woodlands, even when they have been degraded. However, some of the species prefer strongly degraded habitats, in particular sand- and clay-pits, quarries and industrial spoils which has been confirmed by multivariate (RDA) analysis. Discussing the possible origin of the mountain species in the Silesian Uplands one can consider migration routes from two directions: from the Sudety Mts. or from the Carpathian Mts. (located approximately 400 km south-west from a study area and 50.100 km south, respectively). Another possible explanation is that the species had a wider range during the glaciations and survived here in refugia.

3

Wykorzystanie spontanicznych procesów przyrodniczych w rewitalizacji terenów poprzemysłowych - kontrowersje i rozwiązania

Rostański A., Woźniak G., Tokarska-Guzik B.

Czasopismo Techniczne. Architektura

|

2006

|

R. 103, z. 8-A

75--86

PL

Niezagospodarowane tereny poprzemysłowe są typowym elementem krajobrazu wszystkich zindustrializowanych regionów w Europie. Zarządzanie takimi terenami stało się ważnym problemem środowiskowym. Z jednej strony z powodu działalności przemysłowej naturalna szata roślinna i gleba zostają zmienione lub nawet zniszczone, z drugiej strony tworzone są nowe wartości. Tereny poprzemysłowe niezależnie od prowadzonej rekultywacji podlegają naturalnym procesom (sukcesji), będącej skutkiem ekologii w podstawowym tego słowa znaczeniu - stosunkach wewnętrznych pomiędzy organizmami żyjącymi na niezagospodarowanym terenie a ich najbliższym środowiskiem. Biologiczna różnorodność (liczba gatunków, liczba agregatów roślinnych) odzwierciedla mikroróżnorodność określonego środowiska. Różnorodne warunki środowiskowe na terenach poprzemysłowych są oczywistym, ale niestety też bardzo skomplikowanym czynnikiem rekultywacji tych terenów. Niektóre z tych terenów postrzegane są jako odsłonięte grunty mineralne wystawione na kolonizację (podobnie jak w przypadku zjawiska naturalnego cofania się lodowców). W takich przypadkach potencjał biologiczny ma kluczowe znaczenie w naprawie systemów po naturalnych klęskach żywiołowych, czyli przykładowo dla propozycji takich jak odbudowa samopodtrzymujących, funkcjonalnych ekosystemów w renowacji. Potencjał biologiczny odnosi się zazwyczaj do bioróżnorodności systemu. Ta różnorodność wyrażona jest liczbą oraz obfitością wszystkich gatunków w obrębie poszczególnej jednostki funkcjonalnej.

EN

The industrial wasteland is the typical element of the landscape of all the industrialized regions in Europe. Management of such sites has become an important environmental problem. On the one hand as a result of the industrial activity the natural plant cover and land relief have been changed or even destroyed on the other new, exceptional habitats have been created. The industrial sites regardless of any reclamation carried out, undergo natural process (succession), that is the result of ecology in its basic meaning - the interrelationship between living organisms and their immediate wasteland habitat. The biological diversity (the number of species, and the number of plant assemblages) reflects the micro-variety of the specific habitat. The multivariate environmental conditions on the postindustrial sites are the obvious but unfortunately very complex factor in wasteland reclamation. For some sites it is possible to consider them as bare mineral land exposed to colonization (similar to a site of natural retreat of glaciers). In such cases the biological potential is of crucial importance to the recovery of systems after natural disasters, thus for purposes like re-establishment of self-sustaining, functioning ecosystems in restorations. This biological potential is usually referred to as the biodiversity of a system. This diversity is ex-pressed in terms of the number and abundance of species of all types within a particular functional unit.

4

Przyrodnicze zagospodarowanie nieużytków miejsko-przemysłowych na przykładzie centrów górniczych Europy

Tokarska-Guzik B.

Inżynieria Ekologiczna

|

2000

|

Nr 1

72--80