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Expectations of manufacturing companies for suppliers regarding the improvement of their processes

Urbaniak Maciej, Zimon Dominik, Madzik Peter

Archives of Transport

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2023

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Vol. 68, iss. 4

157--174

EN

The article presents the results of conducted empirical research in which an attempt was made to identify the expectations of manufacturing companies towards suppliers in terms of process (logistics customer service, supervision over property customer, production monitoring, supplier supervision) improvement. The research was conducted using the Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI) technique. The research covered 150 production medium and large size companies (employing over 50 people) who were suppliers for enterprises from the automotive, electromechanical and chemical sectors operating in the Polish industrial market. The expectations of production companies towards their suppliers regarding improvement of processes concept were assigned a rank on a scale from one (the least important criterion) to five (the most significant). The analysis of the results of the conducted research shows that the implementation of management tools such as international organizational standards (ISO), Kaizen or Lean Management by companies that are purchasers may affect the expectations towards suppliers in terms of improving their processes. The considerations undertaken in this article confirm that in order to compete on the modern market, close cooperation and cooperation within the supply chain are needed. Representatives of the surveyed manufacturing companies notice this fact and set high expectations for their suppliers in virtually all the surveyed aspects. Conducted research shows that suppliers must pay special attention to the implementation of processes related to ensuring and improving the technical quality of products by focusing on improving control and supervision processes and logistical aspects of customer service. Proper implementation and improvement of these processes requires a methodical approach. Based on the obtained research results, managers of organizations supplying manufacturing companies can obtain important information that will be used to improve processes that are important from the point of view of their recipients. On this basis, they can make an optimal allocation of resources and modify the management style to improve cooperation with manufacturing companies.

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Expectations of industrial enterprises towards suppliers related to management of quality, environment and occupational health and safety systems

Urbaniak Maciej, Zimon Dominik, Madzik Peter

Archives of Transport

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2023

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Vol. 65, iss. 1

87--104

EN

The aim of the article is to present the expectations of industrial enterprises towards suppliers related to quality, environment, occupational health and safety management systems (QEOH &SMS). The article presents the results of empirical research conducted in 151 companies operating on the Polish B2B market. The study was commissioned to a specialised research agency that conducted a targeted selection of companies registered in the Bisnode database, which is a business directory search platform. The expectations of production companies towards their suppliers regarding the implementation of QEOH&SMS were assigned a rank on a scale from one (the least important criterion) to five (the most significant). The methodological apparatus in this study was set so that it was possible to fulfil the research goal based on empirical data. A questionnaire was used to verify the characteristics of the operational process after the implementation of particular managerial systems. This article examines the relationship between the requirements for suppliers and the implementation of management systems by manufacturing companies. The results of the conducted research indicate that expectations of industrial enterprises towards suppliers related to QEOH&SMS are strongly focused on their development. Research shows that companies that adhere to the requirements of standardised management systems have a greater requirement for suppliers than companies that do not implement QEOH & SM requirements. In particular, the implementation of quality and environmental management systems by the surveyed organisations translates into increased requirements for suppliers. The article contributes to the existing scientific literature by analysing the impact of the implementation of individual management systems on the expectations towards suppliers. This study shows which of the 18 examined aspects are particularly important for manufacturing companies. Additionally, the expectations towards suppliers were classified into four groups (Corrective, Preventive, Improvement, Innovation).

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Rola programów rozwoju dostawców w doskonaleniu produktów i procesów

Urbaniak Maciej

Problemy Jakości

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2021

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R. 53, nr 7-8

18--22

PL

Cel: Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie roli programów rozwoju dostawców w doskonaleniu produktów i procesów, a także wskazanie korzyści i barier z tym związanych. Projekt badania/metodyka badawcza/koncepcja: W artykule zastosowano metodę analizy krytycznej literatury przedmiotu, metodę syntezy oraz wnioskowania logicznego. Wyniki/wnioski: Ustalono, że programy rozwoju dostawców są zorientowane coraz częściej na wdrażanie koncepcji zarządzania ryzykiem w celu obniżenia poziomu wad jakościowych czy unikania zagrożeń opóźnień w realizacji dostaw. Skuteczne wdrożenie tych programów pozwala dostawcom i odbiorcom doskonalić jakość wyrobów, skracać cykle procesów i obniżać ich koszty, a także usprawniać wzajemną komunikację. Działania w zakresie rozwoju dostawców przyczyniają się do obniżenia kosztów transakcyjnych związanych z poszukiwaniem nowych możliwości zaopatrzenia, przeprowadzania audytów i innych form oceny, weryfikacji oraz kwalifikacji dostawców. Do najczęstszych barier, które można dostrzec podczas wdrażania tego typu programów, zaliczyć należy brak odpowiednich zasobów u dostawców oraz zbyt istotne różnice w zakresie kultur organizacyjnych partnerów. Ograniczenia: Ograniczeniem badań może być skoncentrowanie się na wybranej arbitralnie grupie publikacji naukowych. W przyszłości, w celu lepszego rozpoznania zjawiska, należałoby zastosować metodę syntetycznego przeglądu literatury przedmiotu. Zastosowanie praktyczne: Zaprezentowana metodyka wdrażania programów rozwoju dostawców może zostać wykorzystana przez przedsiębiorstwa w budowaniu łańcucha wartości do doskonalenia produktów i procesów. Programy te stanowią przykłady pomocy dostawcom w zakresie wdrażania systemowego zarządzania jakością, środowiskiem, bezpieczeństwem oraz narzędzi doskonalenia, jak: TPS, Lean Management czy Six Sigma. Oryginalność/wartość poznawcza: Przedstawiona w artykule metodyka wdrażania programów rozwoju dostawców może stanowić przykład dobrych praktyk w zakresie budowania relacji pomiędzy współpracującymi ze sobą przedsiębiorstwami.

EN

Purpose: The purpose of the article is to present the role of supplier development programs in improving products and processes, as well as to indicate the related benefits and barriers. Design/methodology/approach: The article uses the method of critical analysis of the literature, the method of synthesis and logical inference. Findings/conclusions: It was found that supplier development programs are more and more often oriented towards implementing risk management concepts in order to reduce the level of quality defects or avoid the risk of delays in delivery. Effective implementation of these programs allows suppliers and recipients to improve the quality of products, shorten process cycles and reduce their costs, as well as improve mutual communication. Supplier development activities contribute to lowering transaction costs related to searching for new procurement opportunities, conducting audits and other forms of supplier evaluation, verification and qualification. The most common barriers that can be noticed when implementing this type of programs include the lack of adequate resources at suppliers and too significant differences in the organizational cultures of partners. Research limitations: Research limitations may be focusing on an arbitrarily selected group of scientific publications. In the future, in order to better recognize the phenomenon, the method of a synthetic literature review should be used. Practical implications: The presented methodology for implementing supplier development programs can be used by enterprises in building a value chain to improve products and processes. These programs are examples of helping suppliers in the implementation of quality, environment, safety system management and improvement tools such as TPS, Lean Management or Six Sigma. Originality/value: The methodology of implementing supplier development programs presented in the article may be an example of good practices In building relationships between cooperating companies.

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Role of supplier evaluation criteria in risk mitigation related to purchasing process

Urbaniak Maciej

Engineering Management in Production and Services

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2021

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Vol. 13, no. 2

96--106

EN

The article aims to present the role of supplier evaluation criteria in reducing purchasing risk. Before a purchasing enterprise starts cooperating with suppliers, it set specific requirements and expectations. The fulfilment of these requirements and expectations is verified through the evaluation of suppliers. Evaluation results should indicate potential risks that may arise in the development of partnership cooperation. The article includes the results of empirical research conducted using the computerassisted telephone interviewing (CATI) technique in medium and large manufacturing companies operating in Poland. The results of the conducted empirical research indicate that companies wishing to partner with suppliers try to limit the level of risk associated with purchases. When evaluating suppliers, manufacturers focus mainly on reducing the risk associated with the defective technical quality of products, timely deliveries, delivery flexibility, time to restore continuity of deliveries, completeness of order fulfilment and delivery documentation, as well as price competitiveness. Also, in the evaluation of suppliers, companies operating in Poland are beginning to pay attention to the reduction of negative environmental impact.

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Risk factors affecting relations with suppliers

Urbaniak Maciej

LogForum

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2019

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Vol. 15, no. 2

255--263

EN

Background: In the recent period, one could notice that more and more international companies implementing their strategies based on the concept of risk management. These companies when they evaluate and qualify their suppliers use the requirements of quality management standards, quality assurance standards (in particular sectors), safety and security management standards for supply chain, as well as business continuity management standards. This article aims to determine the importance of the risk factors affecting relations with suppliers. Methods: The research was carried out between October and November 2017 using the Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI) technique. The study covered 300 producers from the automotive, metal and chemical sectors operating in the Polish B2B market. Results: The surveyed enterprises indicated as the most critical sources of threats in relations with suppliers: the possibility of untimely deliveries, quality defects of products, the financial situation of suppliers, communication problems (related to the understanding of the requirements by the supplier), low level of supply flexibility, product assortment errors, limited production capacity. Conclusions: Recapitulating the theoretical considerations and the results of empirical study, it can be stated that the role of the risk management concept in relations with suppliers is significant. Risk management is still essential to ensure the safety of purchased products as well as to ensure the continuity of processes and to avoid disruptions in supply chains.

PL

Wstęp: W ostatnim okresie coraz więcej przedsiębiorstw międzynarodowych wdraża strategie oparte na koncepcji zarządzania ryzykiem. Przedsiębiorstwa te, gdy oceniają i te kwalifikują swoich dostawców wykorzystują wymagania standardów zarządzania jakością, standardów zapewnienia jakości (w poszczególnych sektorach), standardów bezpieczeństwa, a także standardów zarządzania ciągłością działania. Celem artykułu jest określenie znaczenia czynników związanych z ryzykiem w relacjach z dostawcami. Metody: Badania zostały przeprowadzone pomiędzy październikiem a listopadem 2017 z wykorzystaniem techniki wywiadu telefonicznego wspomaganego komputerowo (CATI). Badania objęły przedsiębiorstwa z sektorów motoryzacyjnego, metalowe i chemicznego, prowadzące działalność na polskim rynku B2B. Wyniki: Badane przedsiębiorstwa jako główne źródła zagrożeń w relacjach z dostawcami wskazały: nieterminowość dostaw, wady jakościowe produktów, sytuację finansowa dostawców, problemy komunikacyjne z dostawcami, niski poziom elastyczności dostaw, pomyłki asortymentowe w dostawach, a także ograniczone zdolności produkcyjne dostawców. Wnioski: Rekapitulując rozważania teoretyczne oraz wyniki badań empirycznych można stwierdzić, iż rola koncepcji zarządzania ryzykiem w relacjach z dostawcami jest niewątpliwie istotna. Zarządzanie ryzkiem odgrywa ciągle ważną rolę zarówno w zapewnieniu bezpieczeństwa kupowanych produktów, jak i zapewnia ciągłości procesów i unikaniu zakłóceń w funkcjonowaniu łańcuchów dostaw.