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Przegląd narzędzi badawczych do oceny kultury organizacyjnej w systemie opieki zdrowotnej

Szara M., Ksykiewicz-Dorota A., Klukow J., Lamont M.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2018

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z. 117

587--608

PL

Kultura organizacyjna to pojęcie wieloznaczne, które wyraża się w podzielanych przez członków organizacji wartościach, w języku i symbolach oraz obowiązujących metodach postępowania i rutynowych procedurach. Uznawana jest za znaczący czynnik sukcesu organizacji. Kultura organizacyjna odzwierciedla także umiejętności kadry zarządzającej oraz pracowników w zakresie formułowania celów, metod ich realizacji oraz sposobu funkcjono-wania organizacji. Celem pracy była analiza piśmiennictwa dotycząca struktury oraz zasad stosowania narzędzi używanych w pomiarze kultury organizacyjnej w systemie opieki zdrowotnej. Przegląd literatury dotyczącej narzędzi do oceny kultury organizacyjnej w systemie opieki zdrowotnej wykazał ich dużą liczbę w bibliografii zagranicznej. Większość narzędzi badawczych było poddanych standaryzacji, jednak wiele z nich nie zawiera wszystkich czynników oceny kultury organizacyjnej. Stąd ich stosowanie budzi wątpliwości natury metodolo-gicznej. Z przeprowadzonego przeglądu wynika, iż wśród zaprezentowanych narzędzi badawczych najcenniejsze wydają się być te, które umożliwiają ocenę kultury organizacyjnej w kontekście wieloaspektowym, mają wysoki współ-czynnik rzetelności i trafności, a także pozwalają na wyznaczenie typu kultury organizacyjnej.

EN

Organizational culture is an ambiguous concept, expressed in values, language, and symbols shared by the members of the organization, and the valid practices and routine procedures. It is considered an important success factor of an organization. Organizational culture reflects also the skills of the management staff and employees in the areas of the formulation of goals, methods of their attainment, and ways of functioning of the organization. The objective of the study was analysis of literature concerning the structure and principles of using instruments applied in the measurement of organizational culture in the system of health care. The review of literature concerning instruments for the measurement of organizational culture in the health care system showed a high number of international reports. The majority of the research instruments were subjected to standardization. However, many of them do not contain all the elements for evaluation of organizational culture. Hence, the use of these instruments evokes doubts about their methodological nature. The conducted review of research instruments shows that among the presented instruments, those which enable evaluation of organizational culture in a multi-aspect context, possess a high reliability and validity coefficient and allow determination of the type of organizational culture, seem to be the most valuable.

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The content and composition of organic matter in bottom sediments of the Rybnik reservoir - preliminary studies

Baran A., Mierzwa-Hersztek M., Gondek K., Szara M., Tarnawski M.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2018

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Vol. 44, no. 3

309--317

EN

Organic matter has important influences on the fate of environmental pollution in water dam reservoirs. The aim of the studies was to assess content of organic matter fractions in Rybnik reservoir bottom sediments, and to determine their influence on the content of heavy metals and PAHs. In three sediment samples, the content of C organic (Corg), C extracted (Cex), C humic acid (Cha), C fulvic acid (Cfa) and C non-hydrolyzed (Cnh), buffer capacity, and content of heavy metals and PAHs was analyzed. We found the highest content of Corg, Cex, Cha, Cfa and Cnh in sample 3 (the outlet, near the dam), while the lowest content was found in sample 2 (middle). The fraction of Cnh was dominant in sediment sample 3 (outlet, near dam) and 1 (inlet), whereas the fraction of Cha dominated in sample 2 (middle). Rybnik bottom sediments are characterized by their high buffer capacities (samples 3, 1) shaped among others by the high content of organic matter. The high organic matter content in samples 3 (outlet) and 1 (inlet) and also high total contents of heavy metals and PAHS in these sediments demonstrate that these pollutants have a strong affinity for organic matter in the sediments. Moreover, the highest mobility of metals, from sample 2 (middle), is connected with the low content of organic matter substances and the low buffer capacities of sediments.

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The application of the germination index in the assessment of the phytotoxicity of bottom sediments from the Rybnik Reservoir

Szara M., Baran A., Tarnawski M., Koniarz T.

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2017

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Vol. 43, no. 4

327--333

EN

The aims of the study were to assess the phytoxicity of bottom sediments collected from the Rybnik Reservoir. The water reservoir in Rybnik is located in the Silesian Voivodeship. The reservoir constitutes a part of the technological chain of Elektrownia Rybnik S.A. as a direct receiver of industrial and rainwater sewage, sewage from a water treatment plant, blowdowns from cooling towers, and as an essential source of cooling water. Sediment samples were collected with an Eckman sampler from 33 locations. The toxicity of bottom sediments was determined using the Phytotoxkit direct contact test, carried out for 3 plants: Sorghum saccharatum, Sinapis alba and Lepidium sativum. On the basis of the data received, the germination index (GI) was calculated. We found the mean value of the germination index indicated the dominance of the inhibitory effect of bottom sediments on plant growth. Sorghum saccharatum was the most sensitive to pollutants in sediments, while Lepidium sativum was the least sensitive. The Phytotoxkit is a good tool for assessing the toxicity of bottom sediments.