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New developments in diesel engine crankcase emission reduction equirements, design and performance

Jaroszczyk T., Holm Ch. E., Fallon S. L., Schwandt B. W., Gradoń L., Steffen B. P., Zuroski M. T., Koleshwar A. K., Moy J. J

Journal of KONES

2006

Vol. 13, No. 2

155-168

The role of the filtration system for engine crankcase ventilation has recently increased because of new worldwide engine emission regulations. Turbocharger lifetime, engine emission, and oil consumption greatly depend on the filtration system design and performance of an open crankcase ventilation (OCV) or closed crankcase engine ventilation (CCV) system. Providing optimized solutions for these requirements dictates the development trends of separators and filters used for removal of oil and fuel mist, and solid particles generated by the engine. This paper discusses environmental issues associated with engine crankcase emission, contaminant classification, the needs for protecting the turbocharger against contaminants, and filtration system design and performance. The design section provides analysis of theoretical models applied to coalescing filtration and oil/fuel mist separation techniques. Since there are no existing standards for these systems' performance evaluation, this paper discusses current activities at SAE and ISO on standard development. Finally, performance characteristics of a new, high efficiency depth-type filter-coalescer are described.

Recent advances in engine air cleaners design and evaluation

Jaroszczyk T., Pardue B. A., Holm Ch. E.

Journal of KONES

2004

Vol. 11, No. 1-2

259-275

The development of engine air cleaners is based on filter performance requirements, engine operational environment, available space, filter media properties, and filter element technology. The design process includes analyses of theoretical and empirical models describing precleaner and filter media separation/filtration performance and airflow in filter housings and through filter elements. Filter media are selected based upon these. models and simplified laboratory tests. Since many new motor vehicle designs offer extremely limited space for an engine air induction system, this paper concentrates on new reduced-volume filters, including direct-flow fluted and pleated compact engine air filters. The grawimetric method is still commonly used in engine air filtration technology for air cleaner, filter element, and filter media testing. However a new test method for fractional efficiency measurements is in the final development stage. The paper discusses this new method and provides data on filter grawimetric and fuctional efficiencies.