A methodical approach for the determination of economic and socio-environmental costs in the application of the city consolidation center at the micro level was proposed and tested on real data. Two options of urban delivery of small shipments are considered, in particular, for e-commerce - direct delivery and delivery through the micro-consolidation center. The system of indicators proposed in this work allows a detailed assessment of the economic component of direct and consolidated delivery, including transportation costs, the functioning of the consolidation center costs and costs for pedestrian delivery to the residential district customers. Socio-economic indicators allow considering the interests of other residents of the city, suffering from a dense traffic flow and harmful emissions from freight vehicles. The proposed method of integrated assessment was tested on real data of a micro district of the city. The results made it possible to estimate the proportion of each component of expenditures in the economic, socio-environmental and total costs for both delivery options. The analysis of the sensitivity of costs to changes in the input parameters showed the difference in the strength of influence, and the rating of influencing factors. The proposed method allows us to estimate the economic costs of all participants in the urban delivery process for small shipments, as well as to prove the rationality of using micro-consolidation to serve a micro district of a large city.
The paper presents knowledge in the field of professional and legal implementation of building a strong cyber security of the European Union at the national level of a Member State, in the context of the implementation of a new legal norm on cyber security of the state. Part of the expert knowledge is the implementation of the law and the response to the praxeological problems of cyber security in the critical infrastructure sectors, including the TRANSPORT sector, resp. Air transport, as part of flight education.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wiedzę na temat zawodowych i prawnych aspektów kształtowania silnego cyberbezpieczeństwa Unii Europejskiej na poziomie państwa członkowskiego, w kontekście wdrażania nowej normy prawnej dotyczącej cyberbezpieczeństwa państwa. Wiedza fachowa obejmuje wdrażanie przepisów prawa i reagowanie na prakseologiczne problemy cyberbezpieczeństwa w sektorach infrastruktury krytycznej, w tym w sektorze TRANSPORTU, a szczególnie transportu lotniczego, w ramach edukacji lotniczej.
The article presents the issue of protection of the security interests of the state with an emphasis on the protection of information, which is a key challenge in the digital age. It has an irreplaceable place, especially in matters of national security of the state. The article respects national knowledge and practice in the context of the agenda of international organizations.
PL
Artykuł dotyczy interesów państwa w dziedzinie bezpieczeństwa, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem ochrony informacji, która stanowi zasadnicze wyzwanie ery cyfrowej. Zajmuje ona wyjątkowe miejsce, zwłaszcza w kontekście zagadnień dotyczących bezpieczeństwa narodowego państwa. W artykule omówiono wiedzę i praktykę stosowaną na szczeblu krajowym w odniesieniu do agendy organizacji międzynarodowych.
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The information technology models improving security functioning of crowdfunding platforms and advice on a new type of business were developed. The article solves the problem of safety of crowdfunding platform functioning based on developed models: rating assignment system of unified assessment crowdfunding platforms; startup projects assessment; startup projects risk assessment concerning their financing safety level and criminal law protection of investors against the financial fraud. The models are based on the correct usage of fuzzy logic and fuzzy set device to reveal the uncertainty of experts’ consideration that insures authenticity of scientific results.
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