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2 2019

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Simulation and measurement studies of the VDES system’s terrestrial component

Bronk Krzysztof, Koncicki Patryk, Lipka Adam, Rutkowski Dominik, Wereszko Błażej

Polish Maritime Research

2019

nr 1

95--106

In the paper, the measurement and simulation results of the VDES (VHF Data Exchange System) terrestrial component are discussed. It is anticipated that VDES will be one of the major solutions for maritime communications in the VHF band and its performance will be sufficient to fulfill the requirements of the e-navigation applications. The process of the VDES standardization (ITU R, IALA) has not been officially completed yet, but substantial amount of technical information about the future system’s terrestrial component (VDE-TER) is already available. The paper is divided into three general parts: (a) theoretical presentation of the system’s physical layer and the radio channels applicable to VDES, (b) simulation results (BER, BLER, channel delay between two propagation paths and its influence on bit rates) and (c) measurement results (useful ranges, BER). It turned out that in real maritime conditions, the VDES system can offer ranges between 25 and 38 km for the configurations assumed during the measurement campaign. Those results are generally compliant with the theoretical data in the line-of-sight conditions. In the NLOS scenarios, where fading becomes the dominant phenomenon, the discrepancies between the measurements and the theoretical results were more significant. The obtained results confirmed that VDES provides a large coding gain, which significantly improves the performance of data transmission and increases the bit rate compared to the existing maritime radiocommunication solutions. It should be noted that the results presented in the article were used by the IALA while developing the current version of the VDES specification.

Aktualne problemy sektorów biokomponentów i biopaliw ciekłych w Polsce

Mączyńska Joanna, Kupczyk Adam, Rutkowski Dominik, Tucki Karol

Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka

2019

nr 2

23--27

Celem publikacji jest przedstawienie podstawowych aspektów związanych z biokomponentami i biopaliwami ciekłymi produkowanymi w Polsce. Omówiono najważniejsze regulacje prawne stanowiące o sposobie funkcjonowania rynku biokomponentów oraz podstawowe informacje związane z produkcją estrów metylowych i bioetanolu w Polsce w latach 2012-2018. Zwrócono uwagę, że rynek ten oparty jest na surowcach pochodzenia rolniczego, co w świetle obecnej polityki UE stanowi istotne wyzwanie w najbliższych latach. Dodatkowo przedstawiono wyniki badań dotyczące atrakcyjności sektorów bioetanolu konwencjonalnego, lignocelulozowego oraz estrów metylowych.

The aim of the work was to present the basic aspects related to the biocomponents and liquid biofuels produced in Poland. The most important legal regulations related to the functioning of biocomponents market and basic information connected with the methyl esters and bioethanol production in Poland in 2012-2018 were discussed. It was pointed out that the market is based on agricultural raw materials, which is a significant challenge in the coming years in the light of current EU policy. In addition, the results of studies on the attractiveness of conventional and lignocellulosic bioethanol and methyl esters sectors are presented.