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1
Content available remote Development of tools for ecological quality assessment in the Polish marine areas according to the Water Framework Directive. Part IV - preliminary assessment
Osowiecki A., Łysiak-Pastuszak E., Kruk-Dowgiałło L., Błeńska M., Brzeska P., Kraśniewski W., Lewandowski Ł., Krzymiński W.
Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
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2012
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Vol. 41, No. 3
1-10
EN
A set of classification methods was developed for the Polish coastal and transitional waters regarding the biological quality elements – phytoplankton, macrophytes and macroinvertebrates as required by the EU Water Framework Directive. Mean summer chlorophyll-a and total summer biomass of phytoplankton were proposed as indicators in the phytoplankton assessment. Macrophytes were assessed by the Macrophyte Quality Assessment Index, including biomass and percent bottom coverage of the selected taxa. Macroinvertebrate assessment was based on a biotic index comprising abundance, dominance structure, taxonomical richness and species sensitivity/tolerance to eutrophication. A preliminary assessment of the ecological status revealed that the coastal and transitional waters failed to reach a "good" ecological status.
2
Content available remote A study of episodic events in the Baltic Sea - combined in situ and satellite observations
Łysiak-Pastuszak E., Bartoszewicz M., Bradtke K., Darecki M., Drgas N., Kowalczuk P., Kraśniewski W., Krężel A., Krzymiński W., Lewandowski Ł., Mazur-Marzec H., Piliczewski B., Sagan S., Sutryk K., Witek B.
Oceanologia
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2012
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No. 54 (2)
121-141
EN
A project was developed concerning the operational system of surveillance and the recording of episodic events in the Baltic Sea. In situ information was to be combined with multi-sensory satellite imagery to determine the extent of algal blooms, to track their evolution and that of rapid environmental events like hydrological fronts. The main element of the system was an autonomous Ferry Box module on a ferry operating between Gdynia and Karlskrona, automatically measuring temperature, salinity and chlorophyll a fluorescence. At pre-selected locations, discrete water samples were collected, which were subsequently analysed for their phytoplankton content, and algal hepato- and neurotoxins; they were also used in toxicity tests with Artemia franciscana.
3
Content available remote Upwelling intrusion into shallow Puck Lagoon, a part of Puck Bay (the Baltic Sea) [commun.]
Matciak M., Nowacki J., Krzymiński W.
Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
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2011
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Vol. 40, No.2
108-111
EN
In this short communication we present the results of field measurements which show the incidence of waters originating from the deeper layers of Puck Bay in shallow Puck Lagoon. The reason for such a situation is the occurrence of a small-scale upwelling. This phenomenon may play a significant role in shaping the ecosystem conditions of Puck Lagoon, which is unique in terms of its natural values.
4
Content available remote Development of tools for ecological quality assessment in polish marine areas according to the Water Framework Directive. Part III - Secchi depth
Łysiak-Pastuszak E., Krzymiński W., Lewandowski Ł.
Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
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2009
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Vol. 38, No.3
113-124
EN
The implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires ecological status quantification on the basis of biological and physico-chemical parameters, and an assessment of reference conditions and relevant environmental pressures for the construction of response curves. In this study the linking of water transparency, a proposed eutrophication indicator, to environmental pressure parameters was examined in the Polish sector of the Baltic Sea. Statistically significant linear correlations were detected between nutrient concentrations in sea water and Secchi depth, and between nutrient riverine loads and Secchi depth. The magnitude of acceptable deviation from reference conditions is also discussed.
5
Content available remote Development of tools for ecological quality assessment in Polish marine areas according to the Water Framework Directive. Part I - Nutrients
Łysiak-Pastuszak E., Krzymiński W., Lewandowski Ł.
Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
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2009
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Vol. 38, No.3
87-99
EN
Assessment of the ecological status of an aquatic environment according to the European Union Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires the determination of a link between the observed status of the marine ecosystem and catchment loading as well as the establishment of criteria for ecological status definitions. This article presents the results of a study identifying links between environmental pressures in the Polish sector of the Baltic Sea and state parameters applied in the assessment of eutrophication. Strong, statistically significant correlations were found between riverine loads of nutrients and their marine concentrations even in relatively short time data series.
6
Content available remote Development of tools for ecological quality assessment in polish marine areas according to the Water Framework Directive. Part II - Chlorophyll-α
Łysiak-Pastuszak E., Krzymiński W., Lewandowski Ł.
Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies
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2009
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Vol. 38, No.3
101-112
EN
To implement the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) it is necessary to establish tools enabling ecological status quantification on the basis of biological indicators, and to assess reference conditions and relevant environmental pressures for the construction of response curves. This study focuses on the Polish sector of the Baltic Sea. A number of statistically significant linear correlations, linking chlorophyll-a concentrations with pressure parameters, were found. Due to the lack of historical data, reference conditions and ecological class boundaries for chlorophyll-a assessment were determined using a simplified mathematical approach.
7
Content available remote Preliminary assessment of the eutrophication status of selected areas in the Polish sector of the Baltic Sea according to the EU Water Framework Directive
Łysiak-Pastuszak E., Osowiecki A., Filipiak M., Olszewska A., Sapota G., Woroń J., Krzymiński W.
Oceanologia
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2006
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No. 48 (2)
213-236
EN
The implementation of the European Union Water Framework Directive required a number of tasks to be fulfilled: classifying the various water bodies into different types, defining reference conditions for each of the types and assessing their ecological quality status - this last is based on biological, hydromorphological and physicochemical quality elements of the ecosystem. The paper presents an attempt to estimate reference values in selected areas of Polish coastal and transitional waters as well as in an open sea area following WFD principles. The preliminary eutrophication assessment showed all the assessed areas to be eutrophication problem areas.
8
Content available The comparison of the forecasted and measured currents in the deep part of the Southern Baltic Sea in 1999
Krzymiński W.
Biuletyn Instytutu Morskiego w Gdańsku
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2001
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Vol. 28, No. 2
55--64
EN
This paper presents results of the investigation carried out in frame of research project of Institute of Meteorology and Water Management Maritime Branch in Gdynia (IWM-MB) in the y ear 2000. The goal of the project was to determine the conformity of the sea current forecasts for the layer 8 - I 2 meters of the open sea part of the Southern Baltic Sea, as produced by the hydrodynamic model of the Baltic Sea- HIROMB [5}, with the measurements. Contrary to the results of previous experiments as in the case of the POLRODEX ones [7, 8, 9}, during present study it was expected to detect behaviour of the model far from the influence of the boundary like coastline as well as bottom friction in the shallow water areas. The analysed data were collected during five routine cruises of r/v Baltica organized by IWMMBsince February until September I999 [10], when cruise track started/rom the Gdansk Deep, next along the northern border of the Polish EEZ, ending in the Bomholm Deep area usually. On the basis of the current vectors recorded by means of the ship mounted ADCP as the 250 m average values in the layer 7.5 to 12.5 meters, mean values related to the model grid have been calculated and statistically assessed. These mean vectors have been used for compan·son of forecasted values. Consequently, the sets of values of the differences between measured and predicted currents were statistically evaluated both regarding the direction and the module of the currents as well as the current vector components (Vx, Vy) separately.
9
The accessibility of coastal environmental information through the Internet (Mermaid - the Internet Data Broker concept)
Krzymiński W., Kamińska M., Kozakiewicz A., Naguszewski A., Franz M.
Oceanological Studies
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2000
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Vol. 29, No. 3
109-113
EN
The paper gives an overview of the modern concept of Internet data broker for environmental data transfer and exchange thorough the Internet. The main tasks of the specific data broker components are to catalogue data (metadata database), to search for data, to retrieve data subsets, to package data, to dispatch data and finally to charge for the data. These issues are covered by the activities within the EU 5th Framework Programme known as Marine Environmental Response data Management and Acquisition using Internet Data brokerage, or MERMAID. The main idea of the project is that many users are linked through the Internet Data Broker with various environmental datasets made available by data providers.
10
Content available HIROMB forecasts versus spatial measurements of the currents by means of rdi's BBADCP during the POLRODEX'97 experiment
Krzymiński W.
Biuletyn Instytutu Morskiego w Gdańsku
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1999
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Vol. 26, No. 1
77--86
EN
The paper presents the observations of the flow field within central part of the Gulf of Gdansk, which have been carried out during POLRODEX'97 experiment in September 1997 by means of BBADCP (Broad Band Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler). In the paper some results of comparison between predicted values and measured are presented as well. The goal of the experiment it was to collect the data in order to verify numerical model calculations and to study the method of the flow field reconstruction. The cruise took place on the RV BALTICA, which carried a shipboard RDI' s BBADCP measuring device. The measurements were carried out along parallel transects with 30 s frequency of the collected averaged bins, while velocities of the current were computed relative to the bottom. The flow fields were examined at alti-meter layers from 8 meters depth down to the bottom layer on 22 -24 of September 1997. For the analysis, the data for one layer (mid value 12 m.) were selected and prepared for the comparison. On the basis of the results of the measurements, quasicsynoptic flow fields were reconstructed. It made possible to compare them with the results of the HIROMB forecasts. In pre-analysis phase the two forecasts, i.e.: 24 hours for 22nd and 6 hours for 23rd forecast were compared with the measurements. It showed us that the best result would be obtained for shortest time span between measurements and forecast. So, for further analysis the 6 hours forecast for 23rd was used. Then, the statistical analysis of differences was carried out. In order to find any regularity of the differences distribution it is discussed their spatial layout as well. In general, the most significant differences occurred in the northern part of the investigated area. Differences increased from the centre of the gulf toward east and north. It was clearly seen that model reproduce current velocities and directions well mainly along the Hel Peninsula and in central part of the Gulf In other areas, velocities of the predicted currents are of another order of magnitude than measured values. Despite the results of the comparison between measured and modelled values, the collected data showed well-expressed pattern of the flow in the gulf what could be studied further.
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